Comisión Europea: European's attitudes towards food security, food quality and the countryside

Special Eurobarometer 389

EUROPEANS’ ATTITUDES TOWARDS FOOD SECURITY, FOOD QUALITY AND THE

COUNTRYSIDE

REPORT

Fieldwork: March 2012

Publication: July 2012

This survey has been requested by the European Commission, Directorate-General for Agriculture

and Rural Development and co-ordinated by Directorate-General for Communication .

http://ec.europa.eu/public_opinion/index_en.htm

This document does not represent the point of view of the European Commission.

The interpretations and opinions contained in it are solely those of the authors.

Special Eurobarometer 389 / Wave EB77.2 – TNS Opinion & Social

SPECIAL EUROBAROMETER 389 “Europeans and Agriculture”

Special Eurobarometer 389

Europeans’ attitudes towards food security, food quality and the countryside

Conducted by TNS Opinion & Social at the request of

the European Commission, Directorate-General for Agriculture and Rural Development

Survey co-ordinated by the European Commission, Directorate-General for Communication

(DG COMM “Research and Speechwriting” Unit)


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TABLE OF CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................... 2

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .................................................................................................................... 4

I. FOOD SECURITY ....................................................................................................................... 6

1.1 Concern ........................................................................................................................ 6

1.2 Perceptions of EU and food production ...................................................................... 12

II. FOOD QUALITY ...................................................................................................................... 16

2.1 Consumer priorities .................................................................................................... 16

2.1. Whether check quality labels ...................................................................................... 24

2.2 Awareness of food logos............................................................................................. 27

III. AGRICULTURE AND THE COUNTRYSIDE .................................................................................. 32

CONCLUSIONS ............................................................................................................................... 37

ANNEXES

Technical specifications Questionnaire Tables


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INTRODUCTION

The aim of the survey is to understand EU citizens’ experiences and perceptions of food security and self-sufficiency. The survey also looks at consumer priorities when buying food, awareness of quality labels and perceptions of the link between agriculture and the preservation of nature and countryside.

Food security is one of the most compelling global challenges. The rapid growth of the world’s population puts great pressure on critical resources such as water, energy and food. Food security will become an ever greater priority for the EU and the world as the global demand for food increases and the challenges of sustainable production and equitable distribution become increasingly acute.

The system of food production and distribution must meet the challenge of ensuring food security while at the same time dealing with the current impact of climate change on agriculture and adapting agriculture to lessen its future environmental impact. Half the EU’s land is farmed, so initiatives to decrease emissions, maintain biodiversity, preserve natural resources and conserve areas of ecological and scenic value are of significant and increasing importance.

In these demanding circumstances, the EU regards the promotion and assurance of food quality as an important instrument for EU farmers to increase their competitiveness and profitability. EU law already enforces strict requirements to guarantee the standard of European products. However, the Directorate-General for Agriculture and Rural Development believes that more should be done to communicate the qualities of these products to consumers. It is therefore committed to the improvement and extension of quality assurance schemes to identify and protect certain foodstuffs produced in accordance with particularly demanding criteria of quality or production method.1

As the EU takes action to address these issues, it is necessary to ascertain levels of concern and awareness among EU citizens. The data provided by this Special Eurobarometer survey make it possible to evaluate public attitudes when buying food, awareness of quality labels and perceptions of the link between agriculture and the preservation of nature and countryside.

This survey was carried out by TNS Opinion & Social network in the 27 Member States of the European Union between the 10th and the 25th of March 2012. 26.593 respondents from different social and demographic groups were interviewed face-to-face at home in their mother tongue on behalf of Directorate-General for Agriculture and Rural Development. The methodology used is that of Eurobarometer surveys as carried out by the Directorate-General for Communication (“Research and Speechwriting” Unit)2.. A technical note on the manner in which interviews were conducted by the Institutes within

1 http://ec.europa.eu/agriculture/quality/policy/communication/index_en.htm 2 http://ec.europa.eu/public_opinion/index_en.htm


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the TNS Opinion & Social network is appended as an annex to this report. Also included are the interview methods and confidence intervals3.

Note: In this report, countries are referred to by their official abbreviation. The abbreviations used in this report correspond to:

ABBREVIATIONS BE Belgium LV Latvia CZ Czech Republic LU Luxembourg BG Bulgaria HU Hungary DK Denmark MT Malta DE Germany NL The Netherlands EE Estonia AT Austria EL Greece PL Poland ES Spain PT Portugal FR France RO Romania IE Ireland SI Slovenia IT Italy SK Slovakia CY Republic of Cyprus*** FI Finland LT Lithuania SE Sweden UK The United Kingdom EU27 European Union – 27 Member States EU15 BE, IT, FR, DE, LU, NL, DK, UK, IE, PT, ES, EL, AT, SE, FI*

NMS12

BG, CZ, EE, CY, LT, LV, MT, HU, PL, RO, SL, SK**

EURO AREA

BE, FR, IT, LU, DE, AT, ES, PT, IE, NL, FI, EL, EE, SI, CY, MT, SK

* EU15 refers to the 15 countries forming the European Union before the enlargements of 2004 and 2007

** The NMS12 are the 12 ‘new Member States’ which joined the European Union during the 2004 and 2007 enlargements

*** Cyprus as a whole is one of the 27 European Union Member States. However, the ‘acquis communautaire’ has been suspended in the part of the country which is not controlled by the government of the Republic of Cyprus. For practical reasons, only the interviews carried out in the part of the country controlled by the government of the Republic of Cyprus are included in the ‘CY’ category and in the EU27 average.

* * * * * We would like to take the opportunity to thank all the respondents across the continent who gave their time to take part in this survey. Without their active participation, this

study would not have been possible.

3 The results tables are included in the annex. It should be noted that the total of the percentages in the tables of this report may exceed 100% when the respondent has the possibility of giving several answers to the question.


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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

EU citizens are particularly concerned that sufficient food is produced to meet the needs of the world’s population. Three-quarters (76%) of all respondents expressed this view, as did a majority of respondents in most Member States.

There are lower overall levels of concern about the ability of the EU and Member States to meet the food needs of their populations. However, there are substantial differences between respondents by Member State, particularly with respect to national capacity to meet demand. Ninety-four percent of respondents in Greece are concerned about national food production, whereas only 11% of those surveyed in Denmark or the Netherlands are.

Levels of concern about national food production and EU food production are strongly related to one another. Eighty-three percent of those who express concern about levels of food production in their country are also concerned about levels of production in the EU.

Concern about national and EU-level food production is higher among those who have difficulty in paying bills ‘most of the time’ - (60% - national; 53% - EU) than the average citizen (43%; 40%).

A large majority of EU citizens agree that the EU should:

o help other countries to produce more food (84%)

o produce more food to reduce its dependence on imports (81%)

o produce more food to meet rising demand in the EU and elsewhere (77%)

The vast majority of EU citizens say that quality (96%) and price (91%) are important to them when buying food, while a substantial majority (71%) say that the origin of food is important. Quality, price and origin are considered important in most Member States with price being especially important for those citizens who have difficulties paying bills.

Young EU citizens are less interested in the quality and origin of products. Sixty percent (60%) of respondents in the 15-24 age group see quality as very important, compared with the EU average of 65%. Fifty-seven percent said that origin was important for them, compared with the EU average of 71%.

Fewer than half (47%) of EU citizens see product brands as important. Opinions on the importance of brands vary more widely between Member States than in the case of quality, price and origin. Brands are notably more important to respondents in NMS12 countries (62%) than to respondents in EU15 countries (43%).

Two-thirds (67%) of EU citizens check food purchases to see if they have quality labels that ensure specific characteristics, although this varies substantially between Member States. Respondents who are in the 15-24 age group (58%), have fewer years of education (59%) or have difficulty paying bills (60%) are less likely to check for quality labels.


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Only a minority of EU citizens recognise logos of EU food quality assurance schemes. While just over one-third of EU citizens (36%) are aware of the non-EU Fairtrade logo, a quarter (24%) are aware of the EU’s Organic farming logo and only a small minority are aware of logos symbolising the three elements of the EU’s Protected Geographical Status scheme.

A large majority of EU citizens agree that agriculture contributes to the beauty of the countryside (86%), helps to preserve and protect rural areas (89%), and is beneficial for the environment (81%). Agreement with these statements is high in most Member States and socio-demographic groups.


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I. FOOD SECURITY

1.1 Concern

- Public concern about the sufficiency of food production varies widely between Member States –

Overall, EU citizens are more concerned about the sufficiency of food production in the world as a whole than at the EU or country level4. However, levels of concern vary widely between Member States.

Three-quarters (76%) of EU citizens are concerned that sufficient food is produced to meet the needs of the world’s population, with nearly a third (31%) of respondents very concerned about this, and only 6% not concerned at all.

The picture is rather different at the EU level. Only two out of five (40%) respondents are concerned about food security at EU level, while more than half (57%) are either not very concerned or not at all concerned.

The proportions are similar at the national level. Forty-three percent of respondents express some degree of concern that sufficient food is produced to meet the needs of their country, while 56% are not concerned. However, a slightly larger proportion (15%) of respondents is very concerned about the situation in their own country compared with the proportion who is very concerned about the situation in the EU (11%).

4 QD1. To what extent are you concerned that sufficient food is produced to meet the needs of the population in…?: (OUR COUNTRY); The European Union; The world


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In 17 out of 27 Member States the proportion of respondents who are not concerned about food production in their own country is greater than the proportion of those who are concerned. However, EU-wide attitudes to country-level food security conceal extremely wide differences between the attitudes of those surveyed in particular countries.

The vast majority (94%) of those polled in Greece are concerned about national food security. Concern about this is also particularly high in Portugal, where 85% of respondents express concern.

At the other extreme, there are particularly low levels of concern in the Netherlands (11%), Denmark (11%), Sweden (13%) and Germany (14%). Attitudes in other countries cover a wide range of values around the EU average of 43%. There are no significant differences between EU15 and NMS12 countries on this question.


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When only high levels of concern are considered, differences between Member States are less prominent. Greece stands out as the only country in which a majority (61%) of respondents are very concerned about national food production. In most countries, fewer than a third (33%) of respondents are very concerned.

Respondents in Denmark and the Netherlands are least likely to be very concerned, with only 2% in each country holding this view.

In most of those Member States where overall levels of concern are above the EU average, high levels of concern are also above the average. The exceptions are Italy (10%) and the United Kingdom (13%), where high levels of concern are lower than the EU average of 15%. There are no significant differences between EU15 and NMS12 countries on this question.


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There are substantial differences between those polled in particular Member States on the question of food production in the EU as a whole. However, the range of differences is less extreme than in the case of national food production. Again, the highest levels of concern are in Greece (79%) and Portugal (78%), while the lowest are in the Netherlands (16%), Germany (17%), Denmark (19%) and Sweden (20%).

In 19 out of 27 Member States the proportion of respondents who are not concerned is greater compared to the proportion who are concerned. There are no significant differences between EU15 and NMS12 countries on this question.


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In most Member States (23 out of 27) over half of the respondents express concern about worldwide food security. Concern is especially high in Spain (86%), Germany (85%) and Finland (84%).

Only ten percentage points separate the fifteen Member States where the proportion of concerned respondents is higher than the EU average of 76%. However, there are more substantial differences in Member States where proportions of concerned respondents are below the EU average. In the Netherlands, 75% of respondents express concern about world food security, yet in Latvia the figure is only 44%.

Notably, in the majority of NMS12 Member States – the exceptions are Slovenia and Cyprus - the proportion of concerned respondents is lower than the EU average. The average proportion of concerned respondents in NMS12 Member States is 57%, compared with 80% in EU15 countries.


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Breaking down these results by socio-demographic groups reveals no significant differences on the question of world food production. However, concerns about national and EU food production vary according to education levels and the economic status of respondents.

Concern about sufficient food production at national and EU level is higher among respondents with 15 or fewer years of education, compared to those with 20 or more years (49% and 46% vs. 39% and 37% respectively). There is little difference in terms of concern about sufficient food production in the world.

Respondents who declare that they have difficulty in paying bills ‘most of the time’ are more likely to be concerned about national food production (60%) and EU food production (53%) than respondents who ‘almost never’ have difficulty paying bills (37% and 36% respectively). These results indicate that attitudes to food security are, to some extent, affected by respondents’ consciousness of their own economic security.

Eighty-three percent of those who express concern about national levels of food production are also concerned about levels of production in the EU as a whole.

However, those concerned about national level or EU level food production are less likely to be concerned about world food production (49% and 51% respectively).


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1.2 Perceptions of EU and food production

- Most EU citizens agree that the EU should produce more food and help other countries to do the same –

A large majority of EU citizens agree that the EU should produce more food to satisfy its own needs and to meet non-EU demand, and also that it should help non-EU countries to produce more food themselves5.

Over four-fifths (84%) of EU citizens agree that the EU should help other countries to produce more food. A similar proportion of respondents (81%) agree that the EU should produce more food to reduce its dependence on imports. Three-quarters (77%) of respondents agree that the EU should produce more food to satisfy its own needs and to take advantage of rising demand in other countries.

5 QD2. Please tell me to what extent you agree or disagree with each of the following statements: The EU should help other countries to produce more food; The EU should produce more food in order to be less dependent on importing food from other countries; The EU should produce more food in order not only to meet European consumer demand but also the increasing demand of other non-EU countries


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While there are some differences in response between individual Member States, in all cases a majority agree that the EU should help other countries to produce more food. The vast majority of respondents in Cyprus (93%) agree with this, and in most other Member States more than three-quarters of respondents agree. However, the proportion is noticeably lower in Estonia, where 29% of respondents disagree with the proposal; nine percent more than in any other Member State.

No strong regional patterns emerge from the data, although the majority of Member States where agreement is lower than average are NMS12 countries.

There are no distinct socio-demographic patterns. However, respondents’ political sympathies have a moderate effect on attitudes, with 88% of those identifying themselves as left-wing agreeing that the EU should help other countries produce food, compared with 82% of those identifying themselves as right-wing.


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In all Member States the majority of respondents support the view that the EU should produce more food to reduce its dependence on imports. Levels of agreement exceed the EU average of 81% in 17 of 27 Member States.

The highest levels of agreement are found in Greece (98%) and Cyprus (97%), and the lowest in the Netherlands (56%) and Denmark (59%). Respondents in Germany (64%) and Sweden (65%) are also significantly less likely to agree. On average, respondents in NMS12 countries are more likely to agree (85%) than their EU15 counterparts (79%).

The most prominent socio-demographic difference is economic status. Eighty-six percent of those who have difficulty paying bills agree that the EU should protect itself against dependency on food imports, compared with 78% of respondents who almost never have difficulty paying bills.


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In all but two Member States, over two-thirds (66%) of respondents agree that the EU should produce more food to satisfy internal and external demand, and in almost half the Member States (13 of 27) at least four-fifths (80%) are in agreement. Again, Cyprus (96%) and Greece (93%) see the highest levels of agreement. The lowest proportions are found in Germany and the Netherlands (64%). In both of these countries slightly more than a third (34% and 33% respectively) of respondents disagreed with the notion.

Respondents in NMS12 countries are on average (81%) slightly more likely to agree than their EU15 counterparts (76%).

Economic security is in this case less significant. Eighty-one percent of respondents who have difficulty paying bills most of the time agree that the EU should produce more food, compared with 76% of those who almost never have this problem.


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II. FOOD QUALITY

2.1 Consumer priorities

- Food quality, price and origin matter to the majority of EU citizens, but attitudes to brands vary –

The majority of EU citizens take quality, price and origin into consideration when buying food, but only a minority are interested in brand information6.

The quality of food is the most important factor for EU citizens. Ninety-six percent of respondents regard quality as important, with nearly two-thirds (65%) considering it very important. A substantial majority also prioritise price, with 91% seeing it as important and just over half (54%) as very important. Somewhat fewer respondents emphasise the origin of food, with over two-thirds (71%) seeing it as important but only one-third (34%) as very important.

Brand information is clearly less important for those purchasing food. Half (50%) of EU citizens see this information as unimportant, with only 15% seeing it as very important.

Respondents were not directly asked whether the importance of these criteria varies depending on the product. If a respondent gave such an answer spontaneously, it was recorded. However, very few respondents did, with the highest proportion – in the case of brand information – only 3%.

6 QD3. When buying food, how important are the following for you personally…?: Quality; Price; Where the food comes from (geographical origin); Brand


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In all Member States except Portugal (49%), more than half of those surveyed regard quality as a very important consideration when buying food. However, there is significant variation in levels of agreement between respondents in Member States. Both Malta (86%) and Cyprus (84%) stand out for the particularly high proportion of respondents for whom quality is a priority. By contrast, in the Netherlands (52%) and Austria (53%) only a small majority see quality as very important.

Respondents in the NMS12 countries are slightly more likely (69%) than those polled in EU15 countries (63%) to see quality as very important.


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Quality is less important to younger people, 60% of respondents in the 15-24 age group regarding it as very important, compared with the EU average of 65%.


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In almost all Member States, more than four-fifths (80%) of respondents regard price as an important factor when buying food. In Bulgaria (98%) and Greece (98%) this proportion is particularly high. There are more substantial differences between Member States below the EU average (91%). Ninety percent of Belgian respondents see price as important but only 72% of respondents in the Netherlands hold that view.

At the regional level, with the exception of Malta (89%) responses in the NMS12 Member States are equal to or above the EU average. Ninety-five percent of respondents in NMS12 countries consider price to be important, compared with 90% in the EU15.


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Unsurprisingly, price is a more important consideration for those who have difficulty paying bills most of the time (97%) than it is for those who almost never have this problem (88%). These differences are particularly clear among those who classed price as ‘very important’. Three-quarters (76%) of those who very often have difficulty paying bills regard price as very important, while less than half of those who almost never have problems paying bills hold this view (46%).


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In every Member State except the Netherlands (47%), more than half the respondents regard the geographical origin of food products as important. Again, there are significant differences between levels of importance in individual Member States.

The vast majority of respondents in Greece (90%) and Italy (88%) consider origin to be important, while in the United Kingdom (52%) and Belgium (56%) these proportions are substantially lower. There are no significant differences between EU15 and NMS12 countries on this question.


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Young EU citizens are noticeably less likely to consider the origin of food products to be important. Only 57% of respondents in the 15-24 age group said that this was important for them, compared with the EU average of 71%.


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The importance of food product brands varies substantially between Member States. Quality, price and origin are considered a priority in most countries, but brands are considered important in some countries and unimportant in others. In 12 Member States, fewer than half (50%) of those surveyed said that brands are important.

Brands are most important in Italy, where over two-thirds (68%) of respondents indicated this. Similar proportions are observed in Slovakia and Poland (both 66%) and Ireland (65%). Interest in brands is particularly low in the Netherlands, where only one-fifth (21%) of respondents consider them important. Less than one-third (31%) of those polled in Germany said that they prioritised brands.

While only 3% of respondents across the EU said that their view of the importance of a brand depends on the product, in several Member States – notably the Netherlands (7%) and Poland (6%) this proportion was somewhat higher.

On average brands are more important in NMS12 Member States than in the EU15. With the exception of Estonia all of the NMS12 countries are above the EU average of 47% on this question, with a collective average of 62%. The corresponding figure in the EU15 is 43%.


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2.1. Whether check quality labels

- Most EU citizens check food for quality labels, but few do this consistently –

Two-thirds (67%) of EU citizens check food purchases to see if they have quality labels indicating specific characteristics7. However, only one-fifth (22%) of those polled say that they always check for these labels, while just under a half (45%) say that they do this sometimes. One-third (32%) of respondents never check.

7 QD4. When buying food, do you ever check to see if it has a quality label that ensures the food has specific characteristics?


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There is clear variation between the proportions of respondents who check food products for quality labels across different Member States.

The highest proportion of respondents who always check labels can be found in Italy (35%), Malta (34%) and Romania (33%). When those who sometimes check for labels are included, Finland, Sweden (both 82%) and Ireland (80%) have the highest proportion of respondents.

The proportion of those who always check for labels is lowest in Portugal and Poland (14% and 13% respectively). In Portugal, 53% never check; in Poland this figure is 50%. In all other countries, the proportion of those who never check is less than half (50%) of those surveyed.

In the remaining Member States, the proportion of those who sometimes check labels does not vary dramatically from the EU average of 67%.


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Consistent with the lower general interest in food quality seen earlier, young people are also less likely to check for quality labels. Fifty-eight percent of respondents in the 15-24 age group reported checking for these labels, compared with the EU average of 67%. Propensity to check for quality labels is also related to levels of education: while only 59% of respondents with 15 or fewer years of education check for labels, 77% of those with 20 or more years do.

Finally, economic security also has an influence. Respondents who have difficulty paying bills most of the time (60%) are less likely to check for quality labels than those who almost never have this problem (69%).


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2.2 Awareness of food logos

- Overall awareness of food logos is low, while specific awareness varies between Member States –

Respondents were shown five logos giving information about the nature of food products8. With the exception of the Fairtrade logo, which indicates that a product is produced, processed, packaged and traded in accordance with fair-trade standards, these logos indicate that products conform to specific EU standards.

The Organic farming logo indicates that a product has been produced in accordance with EU organic farming regulations. The three other logos represent EU schemes promoting and protecting names of quality agricultural products and foodstuffs. ‘ ‘Traditional speciality guaranteed’ (TSG) indicates that a product has been made in accordance with traditional production methods or is characterised by a traditional composition. ‘Protected designation of origin’ (PDO) indicates that a product is prepared, processed and produced within a specific region and that the quality is essentially due to the natural and human factors present in the region. ‘Protected geographical indication’ (PGI) indicates that a product is the quality or reputation of the product is attributable to a specific region, with at least one of the stages of preparation, processing or production taking place in that area.9

8 QD5. Which of the logos on this card are you aware of? 9 http://ec.europa.eu/agriculture/quality/schemes/index_en.htm


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Three-fifths (60%) of EU citizens recognise at least one of these logos. However, overall recognition of individual food logos is rather low. Just over one-third of EU citizens (36%) recognise the Fairtrade logo, and a quarter (24%) is aware of the new Organic farming logo. Only a small minority are aware of the three other logos with 15% aware of the ‘Traditional speciality guaranteed’ logo, and 14% who recognise the ‘Protected designation of origin’ and ‘Protected geographical indication’ logos. However, one can see an increase in the recognition of the PDO and PGI logos.10

Both overall and individual knowledge of these logos varies widely between Member States. In the United Kingdom, a large majority (86%) recognise at least one of the logos, compared with only one-third (34%) of respondents in Bulgaria and Poland. There is a clear division between respondents in the EU15 Member States, where two-thirds (66%) of respondents recognise at least one logo, compared with only one-third (35%) in NMS12 countries.

Four-fifths (81%) of those surveyed in the United Kingdom recognise the Fairtrade logo, compared with a mere 3% in Spain. Recognition of this logo varies considerably between Member States, but in 17 of 27 Member States fewer than half of the respondents give a positive answer. Regional differences are substantial, with 43% of respondents in EU15 Member States who recognise the Fairtrade logo, compared with only 6% in NMS12 countries.

10 In 2008, a study (Evaluation of the CAP policy on PDO and PGI) estimated the recognition of PDO/PGI logos at 8%. See: http://ec.europa.eu/agriculture/eval/reports/pdopgi/report_en.pdf - p.154


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There is less variation between Member States over recognition of the Organic farming logo. In all cases, only a minority of those polled are aware of this logo, with the highest proportion in Denmark (39%) and the lowest in Romania (10%). On average, respondents in NMS12 Member States (16%) are less likely to recognise this logo than their EU15 counterparts (27%).

There is slightly more variation between Member States over recognition of the PDO, PGI and TSG logos, but again only a minority in any of the Member States recognise them.

The ‘Traditional speciality guaranteed’ logo is recognised by a quarter (25%) of respondents in Spain but only by 5% in Denmark and the Netherlands. Recognition of the ‘Protected designation of origin’ logo is notably higher in Italy than elsewhere, although only just over one-third (36%) of respondents recognise it. In several countries


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awareness of this logo is particularly low: in Denmark, only 3% recognise it. Proportionally twice as many respondents are aware of this logo in EU15 Member States (16%) than in NMS12 countries (8%). Italy again stands out for awareness of the ‘Protected geographical indication’ logo, with one-third (32%) of respondents recognising it. In all other Member States fewer than one-fifth (20%) of those surveyed recognise this logo, and in Finland only 5% do.

There are also some noteworthy socio-demographic differences. Fewer than half (44%) of those with 15 or fewer years of education recognise any of the five logos, compared with 71% of those who have 20 or more years of education. Respondents who use the Internet everyday are more likely to recognize at least one of the five presented logos (70%) compared to the EU average (60%). Levels of economic security are also related to respondents’ awareness of the logos. Fewer than half of respondents who have difficulty paying bills most of the time (48%) recognise at least one logo, compared with around two-thirds of those who almost never have this problem (63%). Consistent with these results, overall levels of awareness are higher in the managerial class compared with other occupational groups: three-quarters (75%) of managers said they were aware of at least one logo, compared with only 51% of retirees.


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Only one in five of those with 15 or fewer years of education recognise the Fairtrade label compared with almost half of those with 20 or more years of education (21% and 46% respectively). Similarly, only 16% of the less educated recognise the Organic farming logo, compared with 31% of those who have high levels of education.

Those with low economic security are notably less likely to recognise the Fairtrade logo. Only 21% of those who usually have difficulty paying bills recognise it, compared with 41% of those who almost never have this problem.

Managers and students are notably more likely than other occupational groups to be aware of the Fairtrade logo: nearly half (48%) of students and three-fifths (59%) of managers recognise it, compared with an average of 36%.

The low overall recognition of the PDO, PGI and TSG logos is reflected by the absence of any distinct and consistent socio-demographic differences across these three cases.


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III. AGRICULTURE AND THE COUNTRYSIDE

- Most EU citizens have a positive view of the contribution agriculture makes to rural areas, regardless of Member State –

A large majority of EU citizens agree that agriculture has a positive influence on the maintenance of rural areas11.

Eighty-six percent of respondents either tend to agree or totally agree with the statement that agriculture contributes to the beauty of the countryside, and 89% of respondents agree that it helps to protect and preserve rural areas. Around eight in ten (81%) agree that agriculture is beneficial for the environment.

11 QD6. Please tell me to what extent you agree or disagree with each of the following statements?: Agriculture is beneficial for the environment; Agriculture contributes to the beauty of the countryside; Agriculture helps to preserve and protect rural areas


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In almost all Member States, two-thirds (66%) or more of those polled agree that agriculture benefits the environment. The exceptions are the Netherlands, where 53% agree, and Denmark, where a minority (43%) of respondents agree. In 19 of 27 Member States levels of agreement are above the EU average of 81%. Levels of agreement are especially high in Cyprus, where almost all (99%) respondents agree, and in Malta (96%) and Portugal (95%).

The average level of agreement in NMS12 states (88%) is higher than in the EU15 (79%).


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Respondents with 20 or more years of education and those who are still studying are somewhat less likely to say that agriculture is beneficial for the environment: in both groups 73% of those polled agree with this, compared with the EU average of 81%.


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A large majority of respondents in all Member States agree that agriculture contributes to the beauty of the countryside. Aside from in Germany (73%) and Denmark (75%), four-fifths (80%) or more of those surveyed agree with this statement, and in 20 of 27 Member States levels of agreement are above the EU average of 86%.

Again, there is nearly unanimous agreement in Cyprus (99%), followed by Portugal (97%), Greece and Malta (both 96%).

Levels of agreement are slightly higher on average in NMS12 countries (90%) than those of the EU15 (84%).

There are no socio-demographic differences of any clear significance.


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There are particularly high levels of agreement with the statement that agriculture helps to preserve and protect rural areas. Once again, respondents in Cyprus (99%) are almost unanimous in their agreement, closely followed by those in Greece (98%) and Estonia (96%). Levels of agreement in Denmark are substantially lower than elsewhere, with only three-fifths (60%) of respondents agreeing with the statement. In all other Member States, approximately four-fifths (80%) or more agree.

Despite the fact that all Member States where agreement is below the EU average of 89% are from the EU15, regional differences are statistically insignificant. Again, there are no significant socio-demographic differences.


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CONCLUSIONS

EU citizens clearly understand that food security is a global issue, with a large majority expressing concern at the challenge of feeding the world’s population. However, concern about the sufficiency of food production in the EU is driven more by respondents’ assessments of the sufficiency of food production in their own country than by a general perception of food insecurity. In Greece and Portugal, where respondents are extremely concerned about domestic food production, levels of concern about production in the EU are also high. In Germany and the Netherlands, low levels of concern about domestic food security are accompanied by low levels of concern about EU food security.

Food security also has a socio-demographic dimension. This survey finds that those who are financially vulnerable are most concerned about food security.

This is reflected in attitudes to the EU response to the challenge of achieving food security. While the majority of EU citizens agree that the EU should take steps to make itself less dependent on food imports and better equipped to take advantage of growing external markets, this response is more common among respondents in countries where concern about food insecurity is greater and – to a lesser extent – among people who are economically insecure.

Most EU citizens regard agriculture as making a positive contribution to rural areas. This is consistent across most Member States and socio-demographic groups. There is a broad consensus that agriculture plays a beneficial role.

Attitudes to food quality vary by Member State and price is an almost equally important consideration for many (particularly those respondents who experience difficulty paying their bills). However, a majority of EU citizens regard quality as important and often check food produce for information about this. However, only a minority of EU citizens recognise any of the logos introduced by the EU to ensure the quality and origin of certain types of food products.

ANNEXES

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS


SPECIAL EUROBAROMETER 389

Europeans and Agriculture TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS

Between the 10th and 25th of March 2012, TNS Opinion & Social, a consortium created between TNS plc and TNS opinion, carried out the wave 77.2 of the EUROBAROMETER, on request of the EUROPEAN COMMISSION, Directorate-General for Communication, “Research and Speechwriting”. The SPECIAL EUROBAROMETER 389 is part of wave 77.2 and covers the population of the respective nationalities of the European Union Member States, resident in each of the Member States and aged 15 years and over. The basic sample design applied in all states is a multi-stage, random (probability) one. In each country, a number of sampling points was drawn with probability proportional to population size (for a total coverage of the country) and to population density.

In order to do so, the sampling points were drawn systematically from each of the "administrative regional units", after stratification by individual unit and type of area. They thus represent the whole territory of the countries surveyed according to the EUROSTAT NUTS II (or equivalent) and according to the distribution of the resident population of the respective nationalities in terms of metropolitan, urban and rural areas. In each of the selected sampling points, a starting address was drawn, at random. Further addresses (every Nth address) were selected by standard "random route" procedures, from the initial address. In each household, the respondent was drawn, at random (following the "closest birthday rule"). All interviews were conducted face-to-face in people's homes and in the appropriate national language. As far as the data capture is concerned, CAPI (Computer Assisted Personal Interview) was used in those countries where this technique was available.

ST1


For each country a comparison between the sample and the universe was carried out. The Universe description was derived from Eurostat population data or from national statistics offices. For all countries surveyed, a national weighting procedure, using marginal and intercellular weighting, was carried out based on this Universe description. In all countries, gender, age, region and size of locality were introduced in the iteration procedure. For international weighting (i.e. EU averages), TNS Opinion & Social applies the official population figures as provided by EUROSTAT or national statistic offices. The total population figures for input in this post-weighting procedure are listed above. Readers are reminded that survey results are estimations, the accuracy of which, everything being equal, rests upon the sample size and upon the observed percentage. With samples of about 1,000 interviews, the real percentages vary within the following confidence limits:

Observed percentages 10% or 90% 20% or 80% 30% or 70% 40% or 60% 50%

Confidence limits ± 1.9 points ± 2.5 points ± 2.7 points ± 3.0 points ± 3.1 points

ABBR. COUNTRIES INSTITUTES N° INTERVIEWS

FIELDWORK DATES

POPULATION 15+

BE Belgium TNS Dimarso 1.075 10/03/2012 25/03/2012 8.939.546 BG Bulgaria TNS BBSS 1.000 10/03/2012 25/03/2012 6.537.510 CZ Czech Rep. TNS Aisa 1.002 10/03/2012 25/03/2012 9.012.443 DK Denmark TNS Gallup DK 1.008 10/03/2012 25/03/2012 4.561.264 DE Germany TNS Infratest 1.532 10/03/2012 25/03/2012 64.409.146 EE Estonia Emor 1.001 10/03/2012 25/03/2012 945.733 IE Ireland Ipsos MRBI 1.007 10/03/2012 25/03/2012 3.522.000 EL Greece TNS ICAP 1.000 10/03/2012 25/03/2012 8.693.566 ES Spain TNS Demoscopia 1.003 10/03/2012 25/03/2012 39.127.930 FR France TNS Sofres 1.024 10/03/2012 25/03/2012 47.756.439 IT Italy TNS Infratest 1.037 10/03/2012 25/03/2012 51.862.391 CY Rep. of Cyprus Synovate 503 10/03/2012 25/03/2012 660.400 LV Latvia TNS Latvia 1.003 10/03/2012 25/03/2012 1.447.866

LT Lithuania TNS Gallup Lithuania 1.016 10/03/2012 25/03/2012 2.829.740

LU Luxembourg TNS ILReS 506 12/03/2012 25/03/2012 404.907 HU Hungary TNS Hoffmann Kft 1.010 10/03/2012 25/03/2012 8.320.614 MT Malta MISCO 499 10/03/2012 25/03/2012 335.476 NL Netherlands TNS NIPO 1.011 10/03/2012 25/03/2012 13.371.980

AT Austria Österreichisches Gallup-Institut 1.001 10/03/2012 25/03/2012 7.009.827

PL Poland TNS OBOP 1.000 10/03/2012 25/03/2012 32.413.735 PT Portugal TNS EUROTESTE 1.000 13/03/2012 25/03/2012 8.080.915 RO Romania TNS CSOP 1.031 10/03/2012 25/03/2012 18.246.731 SI Slovenia RM PLUS 1.012 10/03/2012 25/03/2012 1.759.701 SK Slovakia TNS Slovakia 1.000 10/03/2012 25/03/2012 4.549.955 FI Finland TNS Gallup Oy 1.000 10/03/2012 25/03/2012 4.440.004 SE Sweden TNS GALLUP 1.007 10/03/2012 25/03/2012 7.791.240 UK United Kingdom TNS UK 1.305 10/03/2012 25/03/2012 51.848.010

TOTAL EU27

26.593 10/03/2012 25/03/2012

408.879.069

ST2

QUESTIONNAIRE


QD1

123

QD2

1

2

3

QD3

Very

impo

rtant

Fairly

impo

rtant

Not

very

impo

rtant

Not

at all

impo

rtant

Depe

nds

on

prod

uct

(SPO

NTA

NEO

US)

DK

1 1 2 3 4 5 62 1 2 3 4 5 63 1 2 3 4 5 64 1 2 3 4 5 6

Where the food comes from (geographical origin)Brand

NEW

(READ OUT – ROTATE)

QualityPrice

NEW

When buying food, how important are the following for you personally…?(SHOW CARD WITH SCALE – ONE ANSWER PER LINE)

The EU should produce more

food in order not only to meet

European consumer demand

but also the increasing

demand of other non‐EU

countries

1 2 3 4 5

The EU should produce more

food in order to be less

dependent on importing food

from other countries

1 2 3 4 5

The EU should help other

countries to produce more

food

1 2 3 4 5

(READ OUT – ROTATE) Totally

agree

Tend to

agree

Tend to

disagree

Totally

disagree

DK

NEW

Please tell me to what extent you agree or disagree with each of the following statements.(SHOW CARD WITH SCALE – ONE ANSWER PER LINE)

The world 1 2 3 4 5The European Union 1 2 3 4 5(OUR COUNTRY) 1 2 3 4 5

To what extent are you concerned that sufficient food is produced to meet the needs of the

population in…?

(SHOW CARD WITH SCALE – ONE ANSWER PER LINE)(READ OUT) Very

concerned

Fairly

concerned

Not very

concerned

Not at all

concerned

DK

Q1


QD4

1234

QD5

1,

2,

3,

4,

5,6,7,DK

NEW

None (SPONTANEOUS)

NEW

Which of the logos on this card are you aware of?(SHOW CARD WITH LOGOS – MULTIPLE ANSWERS POSSIBLE)

Yes, sometimesNoDK

When buying food, do you ever check to see if it has a quality label that ensures the food has

specific characteristics?

(READ OUT – ONE ANSWER ONLY)Yes, always

Q2


QD6

1

2

3

NEW

Agriculture helps to preserve

and protect rural areas

1 2 3 4 5

Agriculture contributes to the

beauty of the countryside

1 2 3 4 5

Agriculture is beneficial for the

environment

1 2 3 4 5

(SHOW CARD WITH SCALE – ONE ANSWER PER LINE)(READ OUT – ROTATE) Totally

agree

Tend to

agree

Tend to

disagree

Totally

disagree

DK

Please tell me to what extent you agree or disagree with each of the following statements.

Q3

TABLES


%

EU 27

BE

BG

CZ

DK

D-W

DE

D-E

EE

IE

EL

ES

FR

IT

CY

LV

LT

LU

HU

MT

NL

AT

PL

PT

RO

SI

SK

FI

SE

UK

3 10 43 44 0

213 33 36 16

4 20 48 28

020 6

0

25 39 25 10 1

41 33

039 39

1

26 29 29 13 3

5 17

34 51 12 2

2 9 30 59 0

5 18 44 30 3

10 23 30 35

330 40

2

26 42 21 9 2

7 20

234 18

1

11 22 32 34 1

10 36

19 29 34 17

19 37 26 17 1

22 20 26 32 0

32 39 18 11

231 25

0

61 33 5 1 0

16 26

129 57

0

11 21 45 23 0

4 9

4 10 29 57

2 9 34 55 0

4 10 29 57 0

30 39 22 8

035 25

1

28 33 22 15 2

9 31

EB

77.2

DK

WN

EB

77.2

15 28 30 26 1

EB

77.2

Plutôt préoccupé(e)

Fairly concerned

Ziemlich beunruhigt

EB

77.2

Not very concerned

Nicht sehr

beunruhigt

EB

77.2

Très préoccupé(e)Plutôt pas

préoccupé(e)NSP

Very concerned

Sehr beunruhigt

Pas du tout

préoccupé(e)

Not at all concerned

Gar nicht

beunruhigt

QD1.1 Dans quelle mesure êtes-vous préoccupé(e) par la production suffisante de produits alimentaires pour répondre

aux besoins de la population dans … ?

En (NOTRE PAYS)

QD1.1 To what extent are you concerned that sufficient food is produced to meet the needs of the population in…?

(OUR COUNTRY)

QD1.1 Inwieweit sind Sie besorgt, dass ausreichend Nahrungsmittel hergestellt werden, um den Bedarf der Bevölkerung

in folgenden Regionen zu decken?

(UNSEREM LAND)

T1


%

EU 27

BE

BG

CZ

DK

D-W

DE

D-E

EE

IE

EL

ES

FR

IT

CY

LV

LT

LU

HU

MT

NL

AT

PL

PT

RO

SI

SK

FI

SE

UK

En (NOTRE PAYS)

(OUR COUNTRY)

(UNSEREM LAND)

Total 'Not concerned'

Gesamt 'Besorgt' Gesamt 'Nicht besorgt'

Total 'Concerned'

Total 'Préoccupé(e)'Total 'Pas

préoccupé(e)'

60

61 37

40

EB

77.2

43 56

EB

77.2

86

14 86

13

30

11 89

69

56

94 6

42

86

32 68

14

52

42 58

46

29

56 43

71

70

68 30

27

51

33 66

48

78

23 74

22

65

11 89

33

64 35

74

14

55 42

85

52






46

76

13 87

24

26

T2


%

EU 27

BE

BG

CZ

DK

D-W

DE

D-E

EE

IE

EL

ES

FR

IT

CY

LV

LT

LU

HU

MT

NL

AT

PL

PT

RO

SI

SK

FI

SE

UK

2 18 48 31 1

78 31 37 17

3 24 52 19

226 9

2

13 39 35 11 2

27 36

043 26

2

14 28 34 19 5

9 22

25 53 18 2

2 14 42 41 1

5 17 45 27 6

9 17 35 30

432 23

9

18 42 27 11 2

8 33

238 15

3

5 18 38 33 6

10 35

5 23 48 21

15 39 28 16 2

19 28 28 20 5

27 39 21 12

434 21

1

34 45 15 6 0

11 30

141 42

1

5 20 45 27 3

4 12

3 18 40 38

3 16 39 41 1

4 13 41 41 1

14 40 34 11

038 18

1

12 30 33 20 5

9 35

EB

77.2

DK

WN

EB

77.2

11 29 35 22 3

EB

77.2


Fairly concerned

Ziemlich beunruhigt

EB

77.2

Not very concerned

Nicht sehr

beunruhigt

EB

77.2


préoccupé(e)NSP



Very concerned

Sehr beunruhigt

Pas du tout

préoccupé(e)


Gar nicht

beunruhigt

Dans l’Union européenne

The European Union




Der Europäischen Union

T3


%

EU 27

BE

BG

CZ

DK

D-W

DE

D-E

EE

IE

EL

ES

FR

IT

CY

LV

LT

LU

HU

MT

NL

AT

PL

PT

RO

SI

SK

FI

SE

UK

Dans l’Union européenne

The European Union

Der Europäischen Union



Total 'Concerned'


préoccupé(e)'

56

42 53

44

EB

77.2

40 57

EB

77.2

83

17 82

16

45

19 80

54

55

79 21

41

78

25 72

21

53

47 48

45

33

54 44

66

55

60 38

41

69

23 71

28

69

22 72

31

65

16 83

26

52 46

63

20

42 53

78

54






39

71

20 79

27

35

T4


%

EU 27

BE

BG

CZ

DK

D-W

DE

D-E

EE

IE

EL

ES

FR

IT

CY

LV

LT

LU

HU

MT

NL

AT

PL

PT

RO

SI

SK

FI

SE

UK

33 47 14 6 0

434 40 16 6

32 52 13 2

113 6

1

24 46 20 6 4

45 35

116 3

2

16 31 30 16 7

33 47

31 50 14 3

26 49 19 5 1

16 44 22 10 8

29 36 16 13

310 7

6

24 40 22 11 3

43 37

214 5

3

13 36 27 17 7

29 50

10 34 37 16

36 44 11 7 2

41 39 11 6 3

43 43 10 3

313 7

1

36 46 14 4 0

34 43

111 3

1

15 43 28 10 4

34 51

36 51 9 3

31 48 14 6 1

34 51 11 3 1

17 44 29 8

017 7

2

14 33 30 16 7

25 51

EB

77.2

DK

WN

EB

77.2

31 45 15 6 3

EB

77.2


Fairly concerned

Ziemlich beunruhigt

EB

77.2

Not very concerned

Nicht sehr

beunruhigt

EB

77.2


préoccupé(e)NSP

Very concerned

Sehr beunruhigt

Pas du tout

préoccupé(e)


Gar nicht

beunruhigt



Dans le monde


The world



Weltweit

T5


%

EU 27

BE

BG

CZ

DK

D-W

DE

D-E

EE

IE

EL

ES

FR

IT

CY

LV

LT

LU

HU

MT

NL

AT

PL

PT

RO

SI

SK

FI

SE

UK

Dans le monde

The world

Weltweit



Total 'Concerned'


préoccupé(e)'

24

47 46

76

EB

77.2

76 21

EB

77.2

14

85 14

85

37

79 20

61

20

82 18

77

12

58 38

87

19

80 17

79

13

80 18

86

17

64 33

80

53

49 44

44

19

60 32

80

29

75 24

65

70 26

80

17

47 46

81

22






74

15

80 20

84

19

T6


%

EU 27

BE

BG

CZ

DK

D-W

DE

D-E

EE

IE

EL

ES

FR

IT

CY

LV

LT

LU

HU

MT

NL

AT

PL

PT

RO

SI

SK

FI

SE

UK

49 41 7 2 1

439 44 8 5

30 55 12 1

216 4

2

29 52 13 2 4

42 36

315 6

4

43 39 7 4 7

29 47

37 50 8 1

38 46 11 4 1

25 58 9 2 6

49 41 6 3

28 5

1

32 47 15 4 2

38 47

311 3

7

25 51 13 5 6

28 55

24 49 14 6

32 47 12 5 4

72 21 4 2 1

44 44 7 2

46 1

3

45 44 8 1 2

42 47

28 3

1

16 49 21 8 6

44 43

47 41 9 2

53 36 7 3 1

45 43 8 2 2

25 49 18 4

112 3

4

43 42 9 2 4

27 57

EB

77.2

DK

WN

EB

77.2

37 47 10 3 3

EB

77.2

Plutôt d’accord

Tend to agree

Stimme eher zu

EB

77.2

Tend to disagree

Lehne eher ab

EB

77.2

Tout à fait d’accord Plutôt pas d’accord NSP

QD2.1 Bitte sagen Sie mir für jede der folgenden Aussagen, inwieweit Sie ihr zustimmen oder nicht zustimmen.

Totally agree

Stimme voll und

ganz zu

Pas du tout d’accord

Totally disagree

Stimme überhaupt

nicht zu

L’UE devrait aider les autres pays à accroître leur production alimentaire

The EU should help other countries to produce more food

QD2.1 Dans quelle mesure êtes-vous d’accord ou pas d’accord avec chacune des propositions suivantes ?

QD2.1 Please tell me to what extent you agree or disagree with each of the following statements.

Die EU sollte anderen Ländern dabei helfen, mehr Nahrungsmittel herzustellen

T7


%

EU 27

BE

BG

CZ

DK

D-W

DE

D-E

EE

IE

EL

ES

FR

IT

CY

LV

LT

LU

HU

MT

NL

AT

PL

PT

RO

SI

SK

FI

SE

UK

Total 'D'accord' Total 'Pas d'accord'

EB

77.2

84 13

EB

77.2

Total 'Disagree'

Gesamt 'Stimme zu'Gesamt 'Stimme nicht

zu'

Total 'Agree'

22

89 10

74

15

85 11

84

11

65 29

88

11

88 10

87

9

79 17

88

7

89 9

89

20

76 18

73

14

93 6

83

9

84 15

90

13

79 19

85

9

82 11

87

21

83 11

76

9

85

20

81 15

78

13




L’UE devrait aider les autres pays à accroître leur production alimentaire

The EU should help other countries to produce more food

Die EU sollte anderen Ländern dabei helfen, mehr Nahrungsmittel herzustellen

83

13

90

T8


%

EU 27

BE

BG

CZ

DK

D-W

DE

D-E

EE

IE

EL

ES

FR

IT

CY

LV

LT

LU

HU

MT

NL

AT

PL

PT

RO

SI

SK

FI

SE

UK

30 35 22 11 2

447 39 8 2

27 49 18 4

15 1

2

50 43 4 1 2

73 20

316 7

1

39 43 9 2 7

29 45

51 42 5 1

21 35 32 9 3

26 54 10 4 6

49 41 5 2

220 3

3

48 40 8 2 2

40 35

310 3

5

34 47 11 4 4

32 52

39 45 9 2

41 43 10 2 4

84 13 2 1 0

47 44 6 1

44 1

2

63 35 1 1 0

49 42

224 9

1

28 47 17 4 4

28 37

29 35 28 7

27 32 27 12 2

28 36 25 9 2

49 40 9 1

117 3

1

59 35 2 0 4

31 48

EB

77.2

DK

WN

EB

77.2

38 43 12 4 3

EB

77.2

Plutôt d’accord

Tend to agree

Stimme eher zu

EB

77.2

Tend to disagree

Lehne eher ab

EB

77.2


Totally agree

Stimme voll und

ganz zu


Totally disagree

Stimme überhaupt

nicht zu


L’UE devrait accroître sa production alimentaire pour moins dépendre des importations provenant d’autres pays


The EU should produce more food in order to be less dependent on importing food from other countries


Die EU sollte mehr Nahrungsmittel herstellen, um weniger abhängig von Nahrungsmittelimporten aus anderen Ländern zu

sein

T9


%

EU 27

BE

BG

CZ

DK

D-W

DE

D-E

EE

IE

EL

ES

FR

IT

CY

LV

LT

LU

HU

MT

NL

AT

PL

PT

RO

SI

SK

FI

SE

UK


EB

77.2

81 16

EB

77.2

Total 'Disagree'


zu'

Total 'Agree'

10

59 39

89

20

94 2

79

35

75 21

64

33

64 34

65

7

84 12

91

5

98 2

91

11

81 15

84

13

97 3

84

7

56 41

90

23

88 10

75

6

82 11

93

23

80 14

74

33

76

6

93 5

93

10


L’UE devrait accroître sa production alimentaire pour moins dépendre des importations provenant d’autres pays


The EU should produce more food in order to be less dependent on importing food from other countries


Die EU sollte mehr Nahrungsmittel herstellen, um weniger abhängig von Nahrungsmittelimporten aus anderen Ländern zu

sein

86

22

65

T10


%

EU 27

BE

BG

CZ

DK

D-W

DE

D-E

EE

IE

EL

ES

FR

IT

CY

LV

LT

LU

HU

MT

NL

AT

PL

PT

RO

SI

SK

FI

SE

UK 629 47 13 5

4

30 42 18 8 2

35 44 10 3 8

22 51 21 2

2

48 42 7 1

421 9

72

2

19 74625

4

22 42 24 9 3

26 51 14 5 4

47 39 8 2

3

28 53 11 3

512 3

11

5

4 14344

4

32 47 14 4 3

18 48 23 6 5

41 46 7 2

8

26 40 24 9

325 9

29

1

19

2

34 42 15 8 1

WN

EB

77.2

25 52 18 3

123 552

Lehne eher ab

EB

77.2


Totally disagree

Stimme überhaupt

nicht zu

EB

77.2

Stimme voll und

ganz zu

EB

77.2

Plutôt d’accord

Tend to agree

Stimme eher zu

EB

77.2

Die EU sollte mehr Nahrungsmittel herstellen, um nicht nur die Nachfrage der europäischen Verbraucher, sondern auch

die zunehmende Nachfrage von Nicht-EU-Ländern abzudecken


Totally agree Tend to disagree DK

3175336

35 11 448

33104935


L’UE devrait produire plus de denrées alimentaires pour ne pas être uniquement capable de répondre à la demande des

consommateurs européens, mais aussi pour répondre à la demande croissante des pays hors UE


The EU should produce more food in order not only to meet European consumer demand but also the increasing demand

of other non-EU countries


1244053

105427

4521

6154048

21878

5624

45144730

253925

3924

T11


%

EU 27

BE

BG

CZ

DK

D-W

DE

D-E

EE

IE

EL

ES

FR

IT

CY

LV

LT

LU

HU

MT

NL

AT

PL

PT

RO

SI

SK

FI

SE

UK


EB

77.2

77 19

EB

77.2

Total 'Disagree'


zu'

Total 'Agree'

21

76 23

77

28

88 6

71

33

66 29

66

34

64 34

63

9

79 18

87

5

93 6

87

14

77 19

81

15

96 3

80

10

64 33

86

26

84 13

71

8

79 13

90

30

81 12

66

26

73

15

89 8

83

18



L’UE devrait produire plus de denrées alimentaires pour ne pas être uniquement capable de répondre à la demande des

consommateurs européens, mais aussi pour répondre à la demande croissante des pays hors UE

The EU should produce more food in order not only to meet European consumer demand but also the increasing demand

of other non-EU countries


Die EU sollte mehr Nahrungsmittel herstellen, um nicht nur die Nachfrage der europäischen Verbraucher, sondern auch

die zunehmende Nachfrage von Nicht-EU-Ländern abzudecken

76

23

72

T12


%

EU 27

BE

BG

CZ

DK

D-W

DE

D-E

EE

IE

EL

ES

FR

IT

CY

LV

LT

LU

HU

MT

NL

AT

PL

PT

RO

SI

SK

FI

SE

UK 1 066 30 2 1

0 071 28 1 0

0 062 37 1 0

2 071 26 1 0

1 068 28 2 1

0 170 25 4 0

1 049 43 7 0

2 166 29 2 0

3 053 42 2 0

2 052 44 2 0

0 086 13 1 0

0 060 37 3 0

2 073 23 2 0

0 073 22 4 1

1 076 21 2 0

1 084 13 1 1

0 161 32 5 1

1 062 34 2 1

0 063 34 2 1

0 078 20 2 0

0 276 22 0 0

1 055 40 4 0

1 069 28 2 0

0 067 31 2 0

0 067 31 2 0

0 058 39 3 0

1 073 25 1 0

1 078 20 1 0

0 062 35 3 0

1 065 31 2 1

EB

77.2

It depends on the

product

(SPONTANEOUS) Das kommt auf

das Produkt an

(SPONTAN)

EB

77.2

NSP

DK

WN

EB

77.2

EB

77.2

Plutôt important

Fairly important

Ziemlich wichtig

EB

77.2

Not very

important

Nicht sehr

wichtig

EB

77.2

Très importantPlutôt pas

important

Cela dépend du

produit

(SPONTANE)

Very important

Sehr wichtig

Pas du tout

important

Not at all

important

Überhaupt nicht

wichtig

QD3.1 Lorsque vous achetez des produits alimentaires, dans quelle mesure les aspects suivants sont-ils importants pour

vous ?

La qualité

QD3.1 When buying food, how important are the following for you personally…?

Quality

QD3.1 Wenn Sie Nahrungsmittel kaufen, wie wichtig ist für Sie persönlich...?

die Qualität

T13


%

EU 27

BE

BG

CZ

DK

D-W

DE

D-E

EE

IE

EL

ES

FR

IT

CY

LV

LT

LU

HU

MT

NL

AT

PL

PT

RO

SI

SK

FI

SE

UK

Total 'Important' Total 'Pas important'

Total 'Important' Total 'Not important'


vous ?

La qualité


Quality

96 3

97 3

Gesamt 'Wichtig' Gesamt 'Nicht wichtig'

EB

77.2

EB

77.2

97 3

98 2

98 1

98 1

95 4

98 0

98 2

97 2

96 3

93 6

98 2

97 3

95 5

96 2

97 2

97 2

96 2

95 2

97 3

99 1

95 4

96 3

95 2

92 7


die Qualität

99 1

96 3

97 1

99 1

T14


%

EU 27

BE

BG

CZ

DK

D-W

DE

D-E

EE

IE

EL

ES

FR

IT

CY

LV

LT

LU

HU

MT

NL

AT

PL

PT

RO

SI

SK

FI

SE

UK 2 056 36 5 1

1 022 54 22 1

0 034 52 12 2

1 074 23 2 0

1 058 33 7 1

0 067 26 6 1

0 063 30 6 1

2 166 28 3 0

3 042 45 9 1

8 022 50 19 1

0 058 31 10 1

0 076 21 3 0

3 038 38 16 5

0 072 23 4 1

1 065 29 5 0

1 077 20 2 0

0 153 38 7 1

0 055 39 4 2

0 066 30 4 0

0 076 22 2 0

1 169 27 2 0

1 060 32 6 1

0 045 40 14 1

2 036 47 14 1

2 033 50 14 1

1 031 50 16 2

1 074 22 3 0

0 077 21 2 0

1 048 42 8 1

1 054 37 7 1

EB

77.2

It depends on the

product


das Produkt an

(SPONTAN)

EB

77.2

NSP

DK

WN

EB

77.2

EB

77.2

Plutôt important

Fairly important

Ziemlich wichtig

EB

77.2

Not very

important

Nicht sehr

wichtig

EB

77.2


important

Cela dépend du

produit

(SPONTANE)

Very important

Sehr wichtig

Pas du tout

important

Not at all

important

Überhaupt nicht

wichtig


vous ?

Le prix


The price


Der Preis

T15


%

EU 27

BE

BG

CZ

DK

D-W

DE

D-E

EE

IE

EL

ES

FR

IT

CY

LV

LT

LU

HU

MT

NL

AT

PL

PT

RO

SI

SK

FI

SE

UK




vous ?

Le prix


The price

91 8

90 9


EB

77.2

EB

77.2

81 18

83 15

98 2

96 3

92 7

96 2

83 15

85 15

94 6

91 8

98 2

96 4

95 5

76 21

97 2

94 5

72 20

87 10

97 3

89 11

93 7

91 8

94 3

93 7


Der Preis

76 23

92 6

97 2

86 14

T16


%

EU 27

BE

BG

CZ

DK

D-W

DE

D-E

EE

IE

EL

ES

FR

IT

CY

LV

LT

LU

HU

MT

NL

AT

PL

PT

RO

SI

SK

FI

SE

UK 2 121 31 26 19

0 037 42 17 4

0 032 48 16 4

2 036 44 15 3

2 052 29 13 4

1 137 30 24 7

2 023 54 19 2

6 131 40 17 5

4 035 43 14 4

5 013 34 35 13

1 137 27 23 11

1 045 36 13 5

4 034 32 16 14

0 045 35 14 6

2 045 32 17 4

2 044 24 22 8

1 149 39 8 2

1 043 32 15 9

0 025 41 24 10

1 054 36 8 1

2 148 31 15 3

1 134 40 19 5

2 025 42 24 7

2 033 41 19 5

1 036 41 17 5

0 024 38 28 10

2 043 37 14 4

2 141 33 17 6

2 018 38 28 14

2 034 37 19 8

It depends on the

product


das Produkt an

(SPONTAN)

EB

77.2

NSP

DK

WN

EB

77.2

Not very

important

Nicht sehr

wichtig

EB

77.2

Pas du tout

important

Not at all

important

Überhaupt nicht

wichtig

EB

77.2

Very important

Sehr wichtig

EB

77.2

Plutôt important

Fairly important

Ziemlich wichtig

EB

77.2


vous ?

La provenance du produit (origine géographique)


Where the food comes from (geographical origin)


important

Cela dépend du

produit

(SPONTANE)


woher die Nahrungsmittel kommen (geographische Herkunft)

T17


%

EU 27

BE

BG

CZ

DK

D-W

DE

D-E

EE

IE

EL

ES

FR

IT

CY

LV

LT

LU

HU

MT

NL

AT

PL

PT

RO

SI

SK

FI

SE

UK




vous ?

La provenance du produit (origine géographique)


Where the food comes from (geographical origin)

71 27

56 42


EB

77.2

EB

77.2

62 38

77 22

74 23

80 18

74 24

79 18

74 24

67 31

75 24

88 10

90 9

66 34

80 20

66 30

68 30

77 21

47 48

78 18

81 18

64 34

67 31

81 17

71 22

77 21


woher die Nahrungsmittel kommen (geographische Herkunft)

79 21

52 45

80 18

80 20

T18


%

EU 27

BE

BG

CZ

DK

D-W

DE

D-E

EE

IE

EL

ES

FR

IT

CY

LV

LT

LU

HU

MT

NL

AT

PL

PT

RO

SI

SK

FI

SE

UK 3 011 25 41 20

1 111 36 37 14

0 011 35 42 12

3 021 45 24 7

5 025 30 26 14

2 132 28 28 9

5 011 43 31 10

6 123 43 23 4

6 016 34 32 12

7 04 17 47 25

1 132 27 27 12

3 019 37 32 9

5 013 30 31 21

1 024 34 28 13

3 121 34 32 9

2 026 25 31 16

3 022 46 23 6

2 010 28 37 23

0 013 29 41 17

3 015 36 30 16

2 229 36 23 8

2 013 27 41 17

3 06 21 44 26

1 06 25 45 23

1 06 26 45 22

1 010 23 46 20

4 023 39 26 8

2 028 35 23 12

2 07 30 39 22

3 015 32 35 15

It depends on the

product


das Produkt an

(SPONTAN)

EB

77.2

NSP

DK

WN

EB

77.2

Not very

important

Nicht sehr

wichtig

EB

77.2

Pas du tout

important

Not at all

important

Überhaupt nicht

wichtig

EB

77.2

Very important

Sehr wichtig

EB

77.2

Plutôt important

Fairly important

Ziemlich wichtig

EB

77.2


vous ?

La marque


Brand


important

Cela dépend du

produit

(SPONTANE)


die Marke

T19


%

EU 27

BE

BG

CZ

DK

D-W

DE

D-E

EE

IE

EL

ES

FR

IT

CY

LV

LT

LU

HU

MT

NL

AT

PL

PT

RO

SI

SK

FI

SE

UK




vous ?

La marque


Brand

47 50

37 61


EB

77.2

EB

77.2

33 66

32 67

63 35

62 34

40 58

65 31

31 68

27 70

38 60

68 29

51 46

42 58

58 41

43 52

51 47

55 41

21 72

50 44

56 41

59 39

60 37

55 40

66 27

54 41


die Marke

47 51

36 61

66 31

46 54

T20


%

EU 27

BE

BG

CZ

DK

D-W

DE

D-E

EE

IE

EL

ES

FR

IT

CY

LV

LT

LU

HU

MT

NL

AT

PL

PT

RO

SI

SK

FI

SE

UK

82

24 39 36 1 63

23 59 17 1

62

25 57 18 0 82

14 48 37 1

76

20 49 31 0 69

33 43 22 2

48

14 33 53 0 47

13 35 50 2

66

16 58 25 1 74

15 51 34 0

73

34 39 27 0 73

27 46 27 0

66

25 49 26 0 74

21 45 33 1

64

22 49 29 0 71

27 37 36 0

70

35 39 24 2 74

19 51 30 0

73

23 41 36 0 64

22 51 26 1

68

28 52 18 2 80

17 51 31 1

69

14 50 35 1 64

17 52 30 1

68

18 53 28 1 71

20 48 31 1

68

15 52 33 0 67

21 47 31 1

67

14 47 39 0 61

22 45 32 1

Total 'Oui'

Total 'Yes'

Gesamt 'Ja'

EB

77.2

NSP

DK

WN

EB

77.2

Nein

EB

77.2

Oui, parfois

Yes, occasionally

Ja, gelegentlich

EB

77.2

Oui, toujours

Yes, always

Ja, immer

EB

77.2

QD4 Lorsque vous achetez des produits alimentaires, vérifiez-vous s’ils possèdent un label de qualité qui garantit que

ce produit présente certaines caractéristiques spécifiques ?

QD4 When buying food, do you ever check to see if it has a quality label that ensures the food has specific

characteristics?

QD4 Wenn Sie Nahrungsmittel einkaufen, achten Sie da darauf, ob diese eine Güte-Kennzeichnung haben, die

garantiert, dass das Nahrungsmittel bestimmte Eigenschaften erfüllt?

Non

No

T21


%

EU 27

BE

BG

CZ

DK

D-W

DE

D-E

EE

IE

EL

ES

FR

IT

CY

LV

LT

LU

HU

MT

NL

AT

PL

PT

RO

SI

SK

FI

SE

UK 22 81 7 10

33 54 5 5

33 74 10 9

32 11 13 16

28 12 14 12

21 16 17 18

10 5 5 6

36 72 19 16

12 5 6 11

19 28 5 7

21 78 6 6

37 76 16 11

19 6 7 9

33 6 7 14

26 5 4 7

24 17 36 32

18 7 7 10

14 3 14 14

38 29 25 17

27 78 6 7

17 5 16 15

33 44 11 12

34 17 8 10

33 61 7 8

33 57 8 9

21 12 14 13

39 75 3 6

20 54 8 10

13 6 14 15

Indication géographique

protégée

Protected geographical

indication

Geschützte geografische

Angabe

EB

77.2

24 36 14 14

Geschützte

Ursprungsbezeichnung

EB

77.2

Fairtrade

Fairtrade

Fairtrade

EB

77.2

Agriculture biologique

Organic farming

Biologische

Landwirtschaft

EB

77.2

QD5 Parmi les logos sur cette carte, veuillez me dire ceux que vous connaissez. (PLUSIEURS REPONSES POSSIBLES)

QD5 Which of the logos on this card are you aware of? (MULTIPLE ANSWERS POSSIBLE)

QD5 Welche der hier abgebildeten Kennzeichnungen kennen Sie? (MEHRFACHNENNUNGEN MÖGLICH)

Appellation d'origine

protégée

Protected designation of

origin

T22


%

EU 27

BE

BG

CZ

DK

D-W

DE

D-E

EE

IE

EL

ES

FR

IT

CY

LV

LT

LU

HU

MT

NL

AT

PL

PT

RO

SI

SK

FI

SE

UK

NSP

Traditional specialty

guaranteedNone (SPONTANEOUS) DK

Spécialité traditionnelle

garantieAucun (SPONTANE)

WN

EB

77.2

EB

77.2

EB

77.2

Garantiert traditionelle

SpezialitätenNichts davon (SPONTAN)

4

11 31 3

15 37

9

20 47 7

15 57

0

9 28 2

5 18

2

16 34 2

11 29

6

8 15 4

22 39

6

25 53 4

16 58

3

22 35 5

19 32

0

14 47 4

20 64

29

15 15 0

21 27

2

10 45 11

11 62

1

15 15 2

5 17

60

4

15 59 5

15 63

12 30 1

20 47

16

13 52 3

9

QD5 Parmi les logos sur cette carte, veuillez me dire ceux que vous connaissez. (PLUSIEURS REPONSES POSSIBLES)

QD5 Which of the logos on this card are you aware of? (MULTIPLE ANSWERS POSSIBLE)

QD5 Welche der hier abgebildeten Kennzeichnungen kennen Sie? (MEHRFACHNENNUNGEN MÖGLICH)

1

13 13 1

10 18

6

T23


%

EU 27

BE

BG

CZ

DK

D-W

DE

D-E

EE

IE

EL

ES

FR

IT

CY

LV

LT

LU

HU

MT

NL

AT

PL

PT

RO

SI

SK

FI

SE

UK

28 44 24 3 1

445 42 8 1

36 44 17 1

111 3

2

48 40 9 1 2

55 30

311 2

1

65 29 3 0 3

45 39

62 33 4 0

14 39 35 7 5

42 45 9 0 4

77 19 1 2

219 4

1

63 30 6 1 0

36 39

27 2

3

50 33 12 2 3

49 40

46 37 13 1

31 35 24 6 4

95 4 1 0 0

55 36 5 1

55 1

3

60 29 9 1 1

51 38

522 3

1

58 31 8 1 2

29 41

35 39 21 4

14 29 40 16 1

31 40 22 3 4

42 44 10 1

123 3

3

54 34 7 1 4

25 48

DK

WN

EB

77.2

42 39 14 2 3

Tend to disagree

Lehne eher ab

EB

77.2


Totally disagree

Stimme überhaupt

nicht zu

EB

77.2

Totally agree

Stimme voll und

ganz zu

EB

77.2

Plutôt d’accord

Tend to agree

Stimme eher zu

EB

77.2


L’agriculture est bénéfique à l’environnement


Agriculture is beneficial for the environment



Landwirtschaft ist gut für die Umwelt

T24


%

EU 27

BE

BG

CZ

DK

D-W

DE

D-E

EE

IE

EL

ES

FR

IT

CY

LV

LT

LU

HU

MT

NL

AT

PL

PT

RO

SI

SK

FI

SE

UK


EB

77.2

81 16

EB

77.2

Total 'Disagree'


zu'

Total 'Agree'

11

43 56

86

26

88 8

73

25

89 9

74

25

71 25

70

6

66 30

91

6

89 10

89

14

83 14

83

9

99 1

89

3

53 42

96

23

93 7

75

4

94 3

95

13

87 9

84

27

80

14

88 10

85

9


L’agriculture est bénéfique à l’environnement


Agriculture is beneficial for the environment


Landwirtschaft ist gut für die Umwelt

87

18

72

T25


%

EU 27

BE

BG

CZ

DK

D-W

DE

D-E

EE

IE

EL

ES

FR

IT

CY

LV

LT

LU

HU

MT

NL

AT

PL

PT

RO

SI

SK

FI

SE

UK

58 37 4 0 1

442 43 9 2

54 37 8 0

16 2

1

49 40 8 1 2

65 26

17 1

0

60 34 4 0 2

53 38

63 34 3 0

34 48 13 4 1

46 44 7 0 3

79 17 3 1

215 3

0

62 31 5 1 1

46 34

16 2

1

57 32 8 2 1

44 47

61 32 5 1

38 42 13 4 3

97 2 1 0 0

50 41 6 2

45 1

1

67 29 4 0 0

49 41

222 3

1

64 28 6 1 1

32 41

37 38 20 4

33 42 16 7 2

33 40 21 4 2

42 43 13 1

110 2

1

54 33 8 1 4

38 49

EB

77.2

DK

WN

EB

77.2

45 41 10 2 2

EB

77.2

Plutôt d’accord

Tend to agree

Stimme eher zu

EB

77.2

Tend to disagree

Lehne eher ab

EB

77.2


Totally agree

Stimme voll und

ganz zu


Totally disagree

Stimme überhaupt

nicht zu


L’agriculture contribue à la beauté des paysages


Agriculture contributes to the beauty of the countryside


Landwirtschaft trägt zur Schönheit der Landschaft bei

T26


%

EU 27

BE

BG

CZ

DK

D-W

DE

D-E

EE

IE

EL

ES

FR

IT

CY

LV

LT

LU

HU

MT

NL

AT

PL

PT

RO

SI

SK

FI

SE

UK


EB

77.2

86 12

EB

77.2

Total 'Disagree'


zu'

Total 'Agree'

14

75 23

85

12

87 9

87

24

92 7

75

25

73 25

73

8

80 17

91

6

96 4

90

6

89 10

93

8

99 1

91

4

82 17

96

18

93 6

80

3

94 4

97

8

90 7

91

4

91

8

89 9

91

11


L’agriculture contribue à la beauté des paysages


Agriculture contributes to the beauty of the countryside


Landwirtschaft trägt zur Schönheit der Landschaft bei

85

8

95

T27


%

EU 27

BE

BG

CZ

DK

D-W

DE

D-E

EE

IE

EL

ES

FR

IT

CY

LV

LT

LU

HU

MT

NL

AT

PL

PT

RO

SI

SK

FI

SE

UK

95 4

93 6

88 7

95 4

92 5

5

95 4

94

92 5

79 19

6

91 6

93

94 5

93 6

12

91 8

86

93 5

86 12

8

99 1

90

85 13

96 4

5

98 2

90

94 6

60 38

11

88 11

88

89 9

11

95 3

88

Total 'Agree'

Gesamt 'Stimme zu'

EB

77.2

Total 'Disagree'

Gesamt 'Stimme nicht

zu'

EB

77.2


L’agriculture aide à préserver et protéger les zones rurales


Agriculture helps to preserve and protect rural areas

Total 'Pas d'accord'


Landwirtschaft hilft dabei, ländliche Gebiete zu bewahren und zu schützen

Total 'D'accord'

T28


%

EU 27

BE

BG

CZ

DK

D-W

DE

D-E

EE

IE

EL

ES

FR

IT

CY

LV

LT

LU

HU

MT

NL

AT

PL

PT

RO

SI

SK

FI

SE

UK


EB

77.2

89 9

EB

77.2

Total 'Disagree'


zu'

Total 'Agree'

6

60 38

94

11

95 3

88

13

96 4

85

11

88 11

88

5

86 12

93

5

98 2

90

5

93 6

94

8

99 1

90

5

79 19

92

12

91 8

86

4

92 5

95

6

91 6

93

6

95

5

95 4

94

7


L’agriculture aide à préserver et protéger les zones rurales


Agriculture helps to preserve and protect rural areas


Landwirtschaft hilft dabei, ländliche Gebiete zu bewahren und zu schützen

88

4

93

T29

Documents

Comisión Europea: European's attitudes towards food security, food quality and the countryside