Compact Flash forCoolRunner™-II

CPLDs

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Agenda

• Introduction• What is Compact Flash?• CoolRunner-II Implementation• Block Diagram• Applications• CoolRunner-II features and Compact Flash• Summary

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Introduction• Extension of PCMCIA (PC Card) specification• Compact Flash is intended for a new class of light weight, low

power portable devices• Compact Flash concept

– Capture,retain and transport data, audio and images

• Extended operation beyond memory storage– I/O devices– Magnetic disk data storage

• Matchbook sized form factor– Type I (3.3 mm thick)– Type II (5.0 mm thick)

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Compact Flash Overview• Host Bus Adapter (HBA)

– Interface between host and CF card– Host bus independent

• 8/16 bit data access– Can access these card functions:

• Memory– Attribute Memory– Common Memory

• I/O Space• True IDE Mode

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Compact Flash Overview• Two types of Compact Flash cards

– Compact Flash• Memory• I/O Space• True IDE Mode (required)

– ATA Compliant

– CF+ • Memory• I/O Space• True IDE Mode (optional)

– ATA Compliant

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Compact Flash Overview

• Data Bus– 8 bit HBA data bus– 16 bit HBA data bus

• I/O Space– 8 bit registers– 16 bit registers– Can have multiple I/O functions

• 5V or 3.3V

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Attribute Memory• Card Information Structure (CIS)

– Base address of 0x000– Stored in non-volatile memory

• Configuration and Status Registers– Base address of 0x200 for Compact Flash cards– Base address is specified in CIS for CF+ cards– Configuration Option Register (Mandatory)

• BASE + 0x00• Enables I/O functions• Address decoding• IRQ type and status• Soft reset

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Attribute Memory– Card Configuration and Status Register (Optional)

• BASE + 0x02• Status change indication and reporting• 8/16 bit I/O mode selection• Power level selection (Level 0 or Level 1)• Binary audio enable• Power down control for power conservation• Interrupt pending status

– Pin Replacement Register (Optional)• BASE + 0x04• Reports status change events • I/O Space mode replaces status change pins with other I/O specific signals

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Attribute Memory

– Socket and Copy Register (Optional)• BASE + 0x06• Drive number• Socket number (ignored by CF cards)

– I/O Base Registers 0,1 (Optional)• BASE + 0x10, BASE + 0x12, etc.• Specify base address of I/O specific function registers• Can place I/O registers anywhere in the host system’s I/O space• Up to 16 bits for each base address• Required for multiple function CF+ cards• Optional for single function CF+ cards

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Attribute Memory

– I/O Limit Register (Optional)• BASE + 0x18• Specifies max range of I/O addresses that can be mapped beginning at

the base address• Optional

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Common Memory

• Flash Memory for general storage• Working memory space typically used to map

memory arrays• CF cards only have 11 address lines• 2k bytes of addressable common memory

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I/O Space• May be one or more functions

– Memory only– I/O Cards– Multifunction Cards with combinations of memory and I/O functions

• Examples of I/O functions– GPS– Network– Modem

• I/O Space re-maps some pins for new functions– Pin Replacement Register has status of memory only pins during I/O

configuration– Card powers up as a memory card for HBA to read the CIS data– Card is subsequently configured as I/O function

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True IDE Mode

• Mandatory for Compact Flash cards• Optional for CF+ cards • Large amounts of memory

– Disk Drives– Emulated Disk Drives using Flash memory

• Card must include an ATA Host Adapter• No drivers needed on host since ATA is standard• IBM Microdrive• Not included with CoolRunner-II implementation

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CoolRunner-II Implementation

• CF+ card– Does not support True IDE Mode

• Attribute Memory– CIS as ROM within CPLD using product terms– Configuration Option Register (COR)– Card Configuration and Status Register (CSR)– Pin Replacement Register (PRR)

• Common Memory– Intel StrataFlash 28F128J3– 16 bit data bus

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CoolRunner-II Implementation

• I/O Space interface– Analog Devices DSP Microcomputer ADSP-218xN– 8 bit bus, easily modified to 16 bits– 80 MHz clock to CPLD from DSP CLKOUT– DSP used in Full Memory Mode using I/O Space– 3 wait states for I/O Space bus cycles– I/O Space Registers

• Address Register (R/W)• Data Register (R/W)• Status Register (Read Only)

– /IOMS for chip select

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CF+ Card Block Diagram

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CPLD Block Diagram

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CF+ Applications

• GPS• Network interface• Bluetooth• Modem• MP3• Data Storage

– Disk drive– Flash memory

• Digital Camera• Cell Phone• Hand held games• Home video game

consoles• Non-volatile memory• Voice Recorders

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Perfect for CoolRunner-II CPLDs

• CoolRunner-II CPLDs have 3.3V I/O capability– Compact Flash sockets can be either 5.0V or 3.3V– Cards are checked for voltage capabilities– 5.0V will never reach the I/Os

• CoolRunner-II Schmitt Triggers are used as required by the Compact Flash Specification

• CoolRunner-II DualEDGE registers– For use with a slow clock and meet CF timing specifications

• Ultra low power conserves battery life• Low heat generation ideal for small form factor cards

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Summary

• Compact Flash is used for:– Portable, low power devices– Memory storage– I/O functions

• CoolRunner-II CPLDs fit the role– Low power– Schmitt Triggers– DualEDGE– 3.3V I/O drive