CompTIA Linux+ 2009

Course 01 - Installation

Slide 1

Installation

Course objectives

Describe Linux and its role

Download Linux and create an

installation disc

Install and configure Linux

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Slide 2

Topic A

Topic A: Linux Introduction

Topic B: Pre-installation Tasks

Topic C: Linux Installation

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Slide 3

Ubuntu with OpenOffice / Firefox

Unix-like

Developed by Linus

Torvalds in 1991

while a student

Handles common

OS needs, such as

file management,

user accounts,

hardware I/O

Variety of different

distributions and

installation methods

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Slide 4

Linux Platforms

Servers including enterprise-class

computing environments

– RedHat Enterprise IE – powers Juniper

Solutions, Cisco Solutions

Desktops and end-user computers

– Including handheld phones or PDAs

Embedded (non-computer) devices

– BSD (not Linux but like Linux) foundation

for Core Routers and Switching Systems

– Vyatta Routing

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Slide 5

Popular Distros

Ubuntu – currently one of the most

popular end-user versions. Ease of

use and multi-language support are

two key goals of the developers.

Red Hat Enterprise – Designed for

servers and desktops. They also

provide middleware, support,

and education.

Fedora – Red Hat’s end-user

Linux Distro.

SUSE- Novell Corporation

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Slide 6

Popular Distros

Debian – Community developed Linux

distro managed by “The Debian

Project”. Considered a highly

customizable and powerful Distro.

Slackware – One of the oldest distro’s

still under active development aimed

at experienced Linux “power-users”.

BackTrack and Helix are examples of

Linux that have a specific use.

…many others

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Slide 7

Software Licensing

Closed source

– Similar to most operating systems, right to use,

but not to distribute, modify, or reverse engineer

Open source

– Free to use, modify and distribute within terms

of the license or the GNU Public License (GPL)

GPL (GNU Public License)

LGPL

– Sits between GPL and more

restrictive/permissive license models. A method

to mix different types of licenses.

MIT, Apache, and others

– Generally permissive licenses depending on the

product.

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Slide 8

Non-licensing Terminology

Freeware and shareware

– Not a licensing model

– Often Trial Software

Creative Commons

– Used for documentation, books, songs,

etc.

Public domain

– The opposite of a copyright

– Owned by the people

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Slide 9

Topic B

Topic A: Linux Introduction

Topic B: Pre-installation Tasks

Topic C: Linux Installation

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Slide 10

Pre-installation Tasks

Gathering hardware details

– Especially with technically complex

distributions, you should gather all sorts

of technical details such as Interrupts, IO

addresses, etc.

Partitioning

– Choose destination of installation

– Most distros make this an option for you

Select installation type

– DVD

– Live CD

– ISO File

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Slide 11

Pre-installation Tasks

Download install files

– Most Distros are available online

Burn ISO image to disc

– Once downloaded, you can burn the ISO

image to a disc and often boot live from

the CD/DVD

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Slide 12

Installation Types

CD/DVD media

ISO file

Live CD

Netinst

– You download a small bootable file,

which you store on a USB drive. You

then boot using that media, at which point

the installation begins.

NFS

– Sharing across the network is like

Window’s Sharing.

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Slide 13

Installation Files

Intel and clones

CPU-specific

32-bit vs. 64-bit

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Slide 14

ISO Burning Applications

Included with OS X and Linux

Windows

– InfraRecorder

– ISO Recorder

– Nero Burning ROM

– Easy CD Creator

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Slide 15

Topic C

Topic A: Linux Introduction

Topic B: Pre-installation Tasks

Topic C: Linux Installation

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Slide 16

File Systems

Windows: NTFS, FAT32

Removable media: FAT/VFAT,

FAT32

Linux:

– ext2 (2nd extended file system), removable

Media use

– ext3 (3rd) journaling file system

– ext4 (4th) large file systems up to 1EB

– JFS (IBM Journaling file system)

– Reiser (or ReiserFS) (Journaling)

– XFS (Journaling by Silicon Graphics)

Used well with large files with the IRIX OS

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Slide 17

Partitioning

Modern utilities are non-destructive

parted

– CLI equivalent of the partitioning program

gparted. Can be used to modify or create

partitions.

gparted

– Software to create or resize drive

partitions. Can even resize a Windows

partition.

Built into installer or separate

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Slide 18

Minimum Partitions

Root

– Stores the OS, application,

and data files

Swap

– Stores the Virtual memory data, similar to

the pagefile.sys

Same or separate physical disks

– No benefit to multiple partitions, unless

actually on a separate HD

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Slide 19

Logging On

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Review Questions:

1. On what hardware platforms does Linux run?

A. Motorola Chipsets only

B. Intel Chipsets only

C. AMD Chipsets only

D. All of the above

2. What is the Linux kernel?

A. The web service

B. Email services

C. Core software of the OS

D. Core software of the Web Server Module

3. Which of the following Linux distros are commonly used?

A. Ubuntu

B. KensOS

C. March of the Penguin

D. Debian

E. A and B

F. A and C

G. A and D

4. True or False: GPL software has to be given away; companies cannot charge money for it.

A. True

B. False

5. Is GPL software freeware?

A. Yes

B. No

6. Is GPL software public domain software?

A. Yes

B. No

7. A _______ file system is one that logs changes before actually committing them to disk.

A. Backup

B. Remote

C. Journaled

D. Mirror

8. What is the practical result of the statement “Ext3 volumes use 32-bit namespaces and

ext4 volumes use 64-bit namespaces”?

A. Ext3 has more features

B. Ext4 has more features

C. Ext3 supports larger volumes

D. Ext4 supports larger volumes

9. True or False: Only the government can create public domain resources.

A. True

B. False

10. What is the benefit of creating separate root and swap partitions on separate physical

drives?

A. You can use different file systems

B. Better performance

C. Cheaper costs

D. It’s mandatory, you have no choice on installation

Answer Key:

1) D

There are versions of Linux for nearly every hardware platform imaginable.

2) C

The kernel is software components that provide the core set of operating system functions.

3) G

Answers might include Ubuntu, Fedora, openSUSE, Debian, Red Hat Enterprise, and Slackware.

4) B

False. GPL software is free in the sense that you are free to use it, modify it, and redistribute it

as you see fit.

5) B

GPL software is not necessarily freeware. Freeware simply means that there is no monetary

cost for using the software. Freeware could be closed source software. You could charge money

for GPL software.

6) B

Public domain means that the software is not copyrighted by any entity. GPL software is

copyrighted by its original author. Modified versions might carry additional copyrights.

7) C

The journaling or journaled file systems keeps track of changes made to a file, often used in a

database management system.

8) D

The ext4 file system supports much larger volumes and much larger files than ext3-based disks.

It may also have more features, but the question asked about namespaces.

9) B

False. You can release any original work into the public domain and thereby disclaim any

copyright, title, or rights to the work.

10) B

Your computer can likely perform multiple read and write operations simultaneously when root

and swap are on separate partitions. They may have separate file systems as well, but that’s a

benefit potentially if they were both on the same physical drive.