Lesson 2 CCS CMPTR

Computer Hardware

Computers Digital Binary

They have 2 states 1 and 0 Closed and Open

Bit is smallest unit of data 1 or 0 On or off

Byte = 8 bits grouped together File

named collection of bytes song, photo

Read P 30

System Unit

CPU or microprocessor

Central Processing Unit Computer chip Performs calculations Controls computer operations Brain of computer Manufactured by Intel and AMD

Clock Speed Measurement of processing speed Measures the number of instructions per second Clock speed is rated in gigahertz (GHz) Higher clock speed is faster computer The higher the GHz of a computer the faster

Multi core CPU

Contains multiple processors Dual core – 2 processors Quad core – 4 processors A multi-core processor works

on more than one task at a time making it a faster processor

32 bit vs. 64 bit A computer WORD measures the amount of data the

computer manipulates at one time as measured in bytes

Old CPUs: 32 bit processor (handle 32 words at one time)

New CPUs: 64 bit processor (handles 64 words at one time)…twice as fast

Memory Chips located in system unit Stores data and instructions while end user is working

with them RAM ROM

RAM Random Access Memory Stores data and programs currently used Volatile-content is erased when computer is turned off Close a program and RAM is erased Measured in bytes More RAM allows more applications to run at a time More RAM the better 8 MB is better than 4

ROM

Read Only Memory Permanently stores data or programs

Storage

Hard Drive Optical Disks (CD, DVD): external and large capacity Read optically using laser beams – must protect surface Burning is writing to optical drive Software is required (P49)

Flash Memory Small card (P51) must use card reader USB flash drives (thumb or jump) hooks into USB port

Network Storage Remote storage Not on computer Accessed through local network such as M drive or student network drive Cloud accessed through Internet

Google Drive or Sky Drive

Smart Card Credit card with processor, memory, and storage Debit card

Input Device Keyboard Mouse Touch Screen (smart phone) Touch Pad (credit card machine) Scanners and Readers (barcode) Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) Read by RFID reader Attached to livestock, price tags, products RFID identity document P61

Optical Character Recognition (OCR) for check processing Audio (voice input with speech recognition) Biometric Readers (fingerprint)

Output Monitor CRT (cathode ray tube) Flat Panel (P67) LCD LED OLED

Display screen Used for a notebook or mobile phone

Output Data and multimedia projector

Displays on screen Measured in dots per inch (DPI); the higher the DPI the better the resolution

Printer Speed is measured in pages per minute Printed copy is called “hard copy” Inkjet

Sprays on and inexpensive, good quality for home use Laser

Standard for business and uses toner powder Good quality and prints 600 to 2400 dots per inch with 15 to 30 pages per

minute Audio

Voice, music, headphones, speakers

Your Turn Assignment 1 Go to a computer web site such as Dell.com or HP.com Configure a computer consider the following: RAM,

GHZ, Hard drive Space, processor (Dual Core), output and storage devices

Use a table like the following:

Manufacturer Processor (CPU)

Memory (RAM)

Optical Drive Hard Drive Price GHZ Monitor

Dell Intel Dual Core

32 GB Blue Ray or CD/DVD 300 GB $1000

Your Turn Assignment 2 and 3 Using shapes and text, illustrate the difference

between bits and bytes Using shapes, text, images illustrate the choices for

storage including hard drive, auxiliary, and cloud.

Your Turn Assignment 4, 5, 6 Quiz Yourself page 75 Practice It 2-1 page 75 Use the following website: http://www.memorysuppliers.com/

Practice it 2-2 page 75