Conectas Executive Summary Dupla

8/8/2019 Conectas Executive Summary Dupla

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ISSN 1984-5626


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ISSN 1984-5626

2009/10


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Credits

Contents

Camila Asano

Lucia Nader

Rosana Miranda

Volunteer contribution

Clara Garca Parra

Lvia Claudio Bragana

Katharina Cmara

Kayley Bebber

Marlia Ramos

TranslationSamanta Alcardo

EditingNatlia Suzuki

Graphic designE-Moviment

Art editingPaula Santos and Marcela Weigert

PrintingBrasilgraa ABC Grca e Editora Ltda.

Sao Paulo / Brazil - August 2010

About Conectas

Conectas Human Rights is an international non-governmental, not-or-prot organization. Its mission is to promote the

realization o human rights and the consolidation o the Rule o Law, especially in Latin America, Asia and Arica.

Conectas Foreign Policy and Human Rights Project carries out activities that aim to empower civil society organizations

rom the Global South to work with regional and international human rights mechanisms, particularly with the United

Nations, and to promote the accountability o Brazils and other governments oreign policies.

Conectas was accorded consultative status with the ECOSOC (Economic and Social Council) o the United Nations in

January 2006, and observer status with the Arican Commission on Human and Peoples Rights in May 2009.

Contact Information:

Conectas Human Rights

Rua Baro de Itapetininga, 93 5 andar

01042-908 Sao Paulo/SP - Brazil

Tel/Fax: +55 11 3884-7440

[email protected]

http://www.conectas.org


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Our Team

Senior Staff

Conectas Human Rights is composed o two sister entities that work under the same name and develop interrelated

activities.


Associao Direitos Humanos em Rede

Malak Poppovic - Director

Marcos Roberto Fuchs - Associate director

Justice Program

Jlia Neiva - Justice Program Coordinator

Marcos Roberto Fuchs - Pro Bono Institute Director

Flvia Scabin - Attorney (Legal Clinic)

Marcela Vieira - Attorney (Artigo 1)

Raissa Gradim - Attorney (Pro Bono Institute)

Samuel Friedman - Attorney (Artigo 1)

Fabiane Oliveira - Intern (Artigo 1)

Fernanda Sacilotto - Intern (Artigo 1)

Riccardo Spengler Hidalgo Silva - Intern (Artigo 1)

Roberta Abdalla - Intern (Pro Bono Institute)

Conectas also has a team o volunteers or each o its projects and receives students or non-remunerated internships

rom Brazil and rom abroad.

Sur - Human Rights University Network

Oscar Vilhena Vieira - Director

Marcos Roberto Fuchs - Associate director

Institutional Area

Communications

Natlia Suzuki - Coordinator

Rui Santos - Press Adviser

Development

Nathalie Nunes - Coordinator

Financial and Administrative Management

Fernanda Mioto - Coordinator

Rosimeyri Carminati - Financial Assistant

Gisele Maria dos Santos - Administrative Assistant

Josea das Neves dos Santos Leite - Administrative Assistant

Viviane Carminati - Intern

Celso Gottsritz - IT Consultant

Global South Program

Juana Kweitel - Global South Program Coordinator

Lucia Nader - International Relations Coordinator

Pedro Paulo Poppovic - Editor o the Sur Journal

Camila Asano - Program Ocer (Foreign Policy)

Mariana Duarte - Representative in Geneva/Switzerland

Mila Dezan - Program Ocer (Fellowship Program or Lusophone Arica) and

Communications Assistant (Institutional Area, since June 2010)

Muriel Soares - Program Ocer (International Colloquium)

Thiago Amparo - Program Ocer (International Colloquium and Sur Journal)

Marlia Ramos - Intern (Foreign Policy)

Renato Barreto - Intern (Sur Journal)

Rosana Miranda - Intern (Foreign Policy)

Tatiana Brechari da Silva - Intern (International Colloquium and Fellowship Program or Lusophone Arica)


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Introduction

Dear readers,

This is the third edition o the Yearbook Human Rights: Brazil at the UN. As in previous editions, the 2009/10

Yearbook is dedicated to monitoring Brazils role in the human rights system o the United Nations (UN) ocusing on the

General Assembly, the Human Rights Council and the Treaty Bodies. This edition covers the period rom January 2009 to

January 2010. It also eatures cases in which Brazil was analyzed by UN human rights mechanisms which process started

in 2009 and was nished in the rst semester o 2010.

Brazil, as one o the ounder-members o the UN, has been playing an important role in the international arena,

including in the eld o human rights.

In this context, it is important to remember that human rights must prevail in Brazils international relations, as

established by article 4, paragraph 2, o the Federal Constitution. More than mere semantic courtliness, the use o the

verb to prevail establishes a legal and moral obligation to guide our international relations. Part o this obligation is

represented by Brazils duty to strengthen the UN human rights system.

What type o subjects does Brazil bring to debates in the Human Rights Council and the General Assembly? What is its

attitude towards recommendations made by experts in the human rights system? What is its position beore countries

that are notorious human rights violators?

We can only answer these questions with transparency and access to inormation. These are essential conditions to analyze the

impact o Brazilian actions on human rights in other countries and o the UN on the establishment o these rights in Brazil.

Another critical issue must be discussed: how can civil society monitor and infuence the decision-making process and

execution o Brazils oreign policy?

This Yearbook aims at contributing to the clarication o these questions.

In its third year o publication, we can say or sure that the way society perceives and approaches oreign policy is

changing. Though it is still the primary competence o the Executive Branch, the administration o oreign policy must

be submitted to the participation and control o the Legislative Branch and, eventually, the Judiciary. For instance, the

Brazilian National Congress has been publicly debating topics on human rights and oreign policy, and also requesting

inormation about decisions made by the Ministry o Foreign Aairs, among others.

Civil society organizations have been increasing their engagement by directly accessing UN human rights mechanisms,

besides monitoring and infuencing decisions o the Brazilian government.

Nevertheless, there is much to improve. Most records o the Brazilian participation in human rights agencies o the

UN are still ragmented, hard to access and not translated into Portuguese. We hope that, in the uture, transparency,

organization and publication o data will become a priority or the Brazilian government.

The lack o ocial and organized inormation is still one o the biggest obstacles jeopardizing greater participation o

other society segments in Brazilian oreign policy.

Thus, this Yearbook seeks to contribute to this increased participation o civil society and other government agencies, by

organizing and publishing data reerring to the Brazilian perormance in the international human rights system.

Enjoy your reading!


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Methodology

This 2009/10 edition o the Yearbook Human Rights: Brazil at the UN is the result o research conducted by Conectas

Human Rights.

As in previous editions, the 2009/10 Yearbook deals with Brazils perormance and relationship with the ollowing UN

bodies: General Assembly (Third Committee and Plenary), Human Rights Council and Treaty Bodies. Inormation is

objectively presented in chapters, in order to acilitate analysis o Brazilian oreign policy related to human rights.

Thus, the objective o this Yearbook is to provide the reader with a general outlook on the Brazilian participation in

the UN human rights system through data obtained rom the United Nations and, when available, rom Brazilian

government agencies. It does not intend exhaustingly to describe Brazils participation in this system.

In addition to inormation on Brazils participation in the UN human rights system, it also describes national and

international activities o Conectas Human Rights, as well as activities o the Brazilian Committee on Human Rights

and Foreign Policy, o which Conectas is part, activities that aim at assuring the prevalence o human rights in Brazilian

oreign policy.

The primary sources o inormation presented in this report are ocial public documents o the UN (www.un.org) and

the Oce o the United Nations High Commissioner or Human Rights (www.ohchr.org), obtained rom the Internet

and/or direct request to employees o the organization. When available, we reerred to documents in Web pages o the

Brazilian government, especially the Ministry o Foreign Aairs (www.itamaraty.gov.br).

When necessary, pieces o inormation o UN documents were unocially translated rom English to Portuguese.

Acknowledgments

We would like to thank the Brazilian Committee on Human Rights and Foreign Policy or their institutional support.

We also thank Eduardo Pannunzio and Mariana Duarte or reading this Yearbook prior to its publication and or their

suggestions.

We would also like to thank or the support o our unders who contributed to this publication: Ford Foundation, Oak

Foundation, Open Society Foundations and Sigrid Rausing Trust.


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Executive Summary

Human Rights:

Brazil at the UN

in 2009/10

This Yearbook presents Brazils participation in the UNs

main multilateral orums on human rights. It ocuses on the

General Assembly (GA), the Human Rights Council (HRC) and

the Treaty Bodies. All topics briefy mentioned in this executive

summary are described in details in this publication.

We hope that inormation presented herein can help human

rights organizations and civil society monitor and infuence the

Brazilian oreign policy on human rights at the United Nations.

This policy must be more transparent and participative; it must

be carried out respecting the constitutional principle o the

prevalence o human rights in Brazils international relations.


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GENERAL ASSEMBLY AND HUMAN RIGHTS COUNCIL

Brazils initiatives and votes

In 2009, the General Assembly and the Human Rights Council approved resolutions that either establish human rights

standards or monitor cases o systematic violations in the world.

The table below briefy describes Brazils perormance in 2009 with reerence to the dierent

proposals1 presented in the UN General Assembly (Third Committee and Plenary) and in the

Human Rights Council.

UN General Assembly - 64th session

Human Rights Council - 10th, 11th and 12th regular sessions

Human Rights Council - 9 th, 10th, 11th and 12th special sessions


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The proposals introduced by Brazil were:

Resolution introduced in the GA and adopted by

consensus regarding preparations or the 12th United

Nations Congress on Crime Prevention and Criminal

Justice (A/RES/64/180);

Reso lution adopted by consensus in the GA about

UN Guidelines or the Alternative Care o Children (A/

RES/64/142);

Drat United Nations Guidelines or the Alternative

Care o Children (A/HRC/RES/10/8) and the Councils

resolution that adopted them (A/HRC/RES/11/7);

Resolution introduced in the HRC and adopted by

consensus on the access to medications considering

the right o everyone to the enjoyment o the highest

attainable standard o physical and mental health

(A/HRC/RES/12/24);

Resolution adopted by consensus in the HRC on

protection and promotion o human rights in the

context o HIV-AIDS (A/HRC/RES/12/27);

Resolution introduced together with Egypt and

adopted by consensus on the ollow-up to the 10th

special session o the HRC on the impact o the

global economic and nancial crises on the universal

realization and eective enjoyment o human rights

(A/HRC/RES/12/28).

The proposals supported by Brazil, either through

cosponsorship and/or vote in avor or adherence to

the consensus, are presented in the chapters about the

General Assembly and the Human Rights Council.

In 2009, Brazil voted against only one proposal: the

HRC decision on the publicat ion o reports by the

Subcommission on the Promotion and Protection o

Human Rights (A/HRC/DEC/10/117).

The ollowing table summarizes cases where Brazil

abstained. Especially in the cases o Iran and North Korea,

on which reports were presented conrming severe and

systematic violation o human rights, the abstention is a

questionable attitude.

In 2009, our special sessions o the Human Rights

Council were also held: (1) The grave violations o

human rights in the Occupied Palestinian Territory

including the recent aggression in the occupied Gaza

Strip (9th special session, January); (2) The impact

o the global economic and nancial crises on the

universal realization and eective enjoyment o

human rights (10th special session, February); (3)

The human rights situation in Sri Lanka (11th special

session, May), and (4) The human rights situation in

the Occupied Palestinian Territory and East Jerusalem

(12th special session, October).

Brazil voted in avor o all resolutions discussed in

the special sessions, and joined the consensus in one

decision, abstaining on only one no-action motion

reerring to an amendment presented by the European

Union to the resolution approved by the end o the

11th special session on the human rights situation in

Sri Lanka (A/HRC/S-11/1).

Brazil cosponsored the summoning request or two

o the our special sessions held in 2009: the 9th, on

the Occupied Palestinian Territory, and the 10th, on

the impact o the nancial crises on the realization o

human rights.

Participation of President Lula in sessions of the

Human Rights Council and the General Assembly

As in previous years, President Luiz Incio Lula da Silva

participated in the opening ceremony o the General

Assembly session in 2009, where he made a speech.

In the same year, the president attended a regular

session o the HRC or the rst time, when he spoke tomembers o the Council.

Visit of the President of the Human Rights Council

to Brazil

In 2009, Brazil received the visit o Martin Uhomoibhi,

Ambassador o Nigeria at the time President o the

Human Rights Council. In his visit, rom April 27 to April

29, Uhomoibhi was in Manaus, Rio de Janeiro, Braslia

and Salvador, and met President Lula and several

ministers, state authorities and some members o civil

society organizations.

BRAZIL AND SPECIAL RAPPORTEURS OF THE HUMAN

RIGHTS COUNCIL

In October 2009, Olivier De Schutter, Special Rapporteur

on the right to ood, visited Brazil. During his visit, he

met representatives o the Brazilian government, and

members o civil society organizations. The rapporteur

called attention to improvements o the country as to

the right to ood, and dened his visit as one o the most

inspiring he had ever made. However, he remarked that

Brazil still has a great number o obstacles to overcome

in order to consolidate and expand its policies to ght

hunger.

In March 2010, De Schutter presented to the Human Rights

Council a report on his visit, with recommendations on

many topics such as legal protection o the right to ood,

government programs to ght hunger, and the impact

o the agricultural question on the realization o the

right to ood, among others. Ater this presentation, the

Brazilian delegation made two critic pronouncements

on the report. Although acknowledging the merit o

De Schutters work, it denounced an alleged lack o

objectiveness o the rapporteur, and a deviation o his

mandates ocus.

In the same session, James Anaya, Special Rapporteur

on the situation o human rights and undamental

reedoms o indigenous people, published the report on

his visit to Brazil in August 2008. The 25-page document

comprised the ollowing topics: (a) The indigenous

peoples o Brazil, (b) Applicable law and indigenous-

specic Government policy, (c) Sel-determination o

indigenous peoples, (d) Indigenous issues within the

current political environment, (e) The Raposa Serra do

Sol case, () Protecting indigenous lands and resources, (g)Process o land delimitation, demarcation and titling, (h)

Non-indigenous occupation and invasion o indigenous

lands, (i) Large scale development and mining projects,

(j) Policy issues, (k) Health and (l) Education. Ater the

presentation o Anayas report, the Brazilian delegation

made an oral statement providing inormation about

improvements on the indigenous rights issue.

Still in the 11th session, Philip Alston, Special Rapporteur

on extrajudicial, summary or arbitrary executions,

ormally presented a report on the visit he made to Brazil

in November 2007. Since his ocial report was published

in August 2008, the rapporteur did not emphasize the


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visit in his oral presentation. Even so, as one o the

concerned States, Brazil had the opportunity to make

an oral intervention. It commented on the rapporteurs

considerations, provided additional inormation on

issues discussed, and complimented the cooperation

environment between the rapporteur and the Brazilian

State. On the other hand, in the same session the

Brazilian delegation made a second oral intervention,

as a right o reply, disapproving the Alstons attitude to

silence about Brazil during the interactive dialogue and

decided to share his own personal views o the world in

a press conerence, since the rapporteur spoke o Brazil

in a press conerence, ater presenting his report.

In addition to the possibility o visiting countries, the

rapporteurs can investigate allegations o human

rights violations and communicate to the governments

where these violations took place. In 2009, nine

special rapporteurs presented reports to the Human

Rights Council with notications sent to Brazil arising

rom specic denounces o torture; disrespect o

reedom o opinion and expression; violence against

women; disrespect o the right to adequate housing

and education; threats and attacks against human

rights deenders; summary, extrajudicial and arbitrary

executions; and violation o the right to independence o

lawyers and judges. These reports contain replies o the

Brazilian government to only our o the notications

sent by the rapporteurs.

It is important to emphasize that, still in 2009, the

Brazilian judge Gabriela Knaul Albuquerque was

nominated Special Rapporteur on the independence

o judges and lawyers. Gabriela is not the only Brazilian

among the UN special rapporteurs. Raquel Rolnik,

nominated Special Rapporteur on adequate housingas a component o the right to an adequate standard

o living, and on the right to non-discrimination in this

context in 2008, is still exercising her mandate. Though

they are Brazilian, the special rapporteurs work on an

independent and autonomous basis, not representing

the government o Brazil.

The participation o Brazil in the process o establishment,

renewal or extinction o special rapporteurs mandates

also stands out. Among resolutions about mandates

o special rapporteurs, Brazil has abstained in 2009

rom voting the resolution Human Rights Situation in

the Democratic Peoples Republic o Korea (A/HRC/

RES/10/16), which established, among other things, the

extension o the mandate o the Special Rapporteur on

the Human Rights Situation in the Democratic Peoples

Republic o Korea or one more year.

BRAZIL IN THE UNIVERSAL PERIODIC REVIEW OF THE

HUMAN RIGHTS COUNCIL

During 2009, Brazil participated in the review o other

48 countries, making recommendations to 45 o them.

Among the countries reviewed, 14 belonged to the

Arican Group, 8 to the Latin-American and Caribbean

Group (GRULAC), 6 to the East European Group, 7 to the

West European and Others Groups (WEOG), and 13 to

Asiatic Group.

From the 170 Brazilian recommendations in the

Universal Periodic Review (UPR), 94 were accepted, 26

were rejected, 22 received general comments and 20

were pending5 .

Observing Brazilian recommendations made to countries

reviewed in 2009, one can notice some tendencies in the

topics raised by the country. One is the constant concern

with the ratication and implementation o the main

international human rights instruments. In addition to

that, the recurrent remark that countries enhance the

dialogue with the Treaty Bodies and with UN special

rapporteurs, and that they grant moratorium to the

death penalty, so as to abolish it. Brazil has also made a

series o recommendations regarding its own initiatives

in HRC, such as the Human Rights Voluntary Goals (A/

HRC/RES/9/12) and the United Nations Guidelines or

the Appropriate Use and Conditions o Alternative Care

or Children (A/HRC/RES/10/8), subjects systematicallyincorporated into Brazilian recommendations.

It is worth remembering that, in 2008, Brazil was

reviewed in the UPR. Back then, the country received

and accepted 15 recommendations to improve its human

rights situation.

RATIFICATION OF INTERNATIONAL TREATIES AND

PARTICIPATION IN TREATY BODIES

In June 2009, Brazil ratied the two optional protocols to

the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights.

The rst one, celebrated in 1966, assigns capacity to the

corresponding Committee to get individual complaints,

and the second, celebrated in 1989, reers to the abolition

o the death penalty. Both documents were approved in

the Congress (House o Representatives and Senate) on June

2009 and, then, a legislative decree that approved both texts

was published in the Brazilian Ocial Federal Gazette. The

international ratication occurred on September 25 th 2009,

with Brazil depositing the ratication beore the UN.

Brazil still did not ratiy two important international

instruments: the International Convention or the

Protection o All Persons rom Enorced Disappearance,

and the International Convention on the Protection o

the Rights o All Migrant Workers and Members o Their

Families. Furthermore, Brazil neither signed nor ratied

the Optional Protocol on Individual Petitions to the

International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural

Rights, opened or signature in September 2009.

In 2009, Brazil reported to or received notices rom the

ollowing Treaty Bodies:

Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural

Rights: in 2009, Brazil nished its review under

the Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural

Rights, initiated in 2007, when the country sent

its second periodic report to the Committee. The

phases o Brazils participation in the Committee

included: report sending, dissemination by the

UN, preliminary questionings by the Committee,

Brazils replies to such questionings, Brazils

evaluation session by the Committee in Geneva,

and dissemination o concluding observations

o the Committee on ESCR. The entire process o

Brazilian participation in this agency is eatured inthe 2008/09 edition o this Yearbook, available in

www.conectas.org/anuario2008_2009.

Committee against Torture: in 2009, the

Committee published the nal report o the

inquiry launched to investigate allegations o

torture in Brazil. The procedure started in 2005,

with the visit o experts to Brazil. The nal report,

besides the description o the visit, makes a series

o recommendations to the Brazilian government.

In the same document, the government oers

answers to some o the issues raised by the

Committee.

Still in 2009, the Committee against Torture sent to

the Brazilian government a list o issues to guide the

preparation o the next periodic report o Brazil to the

Committee, due on October 2010. In the document,

the Committee asks several questions on subjects to

be mentioned by the country in its report.

Committee on the Elimination of Racial

Discrimination: in 2009, Brazil received a notice

rom this Committee reerring to the situation o t he

demarcation o the indigenous lands Raposa Serra

do Sol. The Committee sent two early-warnings to

the country: the rst one, in September 2009, ater

receiving with great satisaction the news about

the Federal Supreme Court decision regarding the

demarcation o the indigenous lands Raposa Serra

do Sol, asking the Brazilian government to send

an updated and detailed record o the situation

in the indigenous lands. Not getting any reply, the

Committee sent a new letter in May 2010.

In 2009, there were two Brazilians among the independent

experts members o the Committees: Silvia Pimentel,

reelected in 2008 or the Committee on the Elimination o

Discrimination against Women, and Jos Augusto Lindgren

Alves, member o the Committee on the Elimination o

Racial Discrimination since 2002.

VISIT OF THE UN HIGH COMMISSIONER FOR HUMAN

RIGHTS TO BRAZIL

In November 2009, Navanethem Pillay, UN High

Commissioner or Human Rights, visited Brazil. Between

November 8th and 13th, the High Commissioner

visited Salvador, Rio de Janeiro and Braslia. During

her mission, she met authorities o the Braziliangovernment and representatives o civil society

organizations. Besides, she visited poor communities

and social projects in these three cities.

During the visit, a Memorandum o Intent was

signed between the Oce o the United Nations High

Commissioner or Human Rights and the Brazilian

government, aiming at increasing the cooperation and

exchange o good practices in human rights.


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21

ACTION TAKEN BY CONECTAS HUMAN RIGHTS AND

THE BRAZILIAN COMMITTEE ON HUMAN RIGHTS

AND FOREIGN POLICY

Highlights of Conectass Actions

In 2009, Conectas participated o all three regular

sessions o the Human Rights Council. During the 10th

session, it made oral statements on the human rights

situation in both Zimbabwe and Burma. During the

11th session, it released a written statement regarding

the visit o President Lula to the Council, made oral

statements on the right to health, on the report

presented by the Special rapporteur on extrajudicial,

summary or arbitrary executions, and on the visit o

the HRC President to Brazil. During the 12th session,

Conectas made an oral statement about the human

rights situation in Honduras ater the coup detat, on

the right o people living with HIV-AIDS, and on the

report presented by the Special rapporteur on the

situation o human rights and undamental reedoms

o indigenous people ater his visit to Brazil.

Conectas also made oral statements, in partnership

with local organizations, on the adoption o

Universal Periodic Review (UPR) outcome reports o

the ollowing count ries: Cape Verde, Nigeria, Mexico,

Uruguay and Chile. It also organized and participated

in capacity-building courses on the UPR, which

involved organizations rom 14 countries o Arica and

Latin America.

In 2009, Conectas organized, in partnership with the

Brazilian Interdisciplinary AIDS Association (ABIA) and

the Sexuality Policy Watch (SPW), a meeting with civil

society organizations rom South American countriesand Anand Grover, Special rapporteur on the right o

everyone to the enjoyment o the highest attainable

standard o physical and mental health.

Conectas also attended the meeting held in

Braslia, during the visit o the United Nations High

Commissioner or Human Rights, Navanethem Pillay,

providing inormation on human rights violations in

the prison system o Esprito Santo. It also met with

the President o the Human Rights Council at the

time, the Nigerian ambassador Martin Uhomoibhi,

during his ocial visit to Brazil in 2009.

Highlights of the Brazilian Committee on Human

Rights and Foreign Policys Actions

In 2009, members o the Brazilian Committee on Human

Rights and Foreign Policy took part in a meeting held by

the Brazilian government to present the second report

sent to the UN Committee on Economic, Social and

Cultural Rights. The Brazilian Committee also participated

in meetings to discuss the content o the Third National

Program or Human Rights (PNDH-3), released in January

2010, ocusing on its international aspects.

In addition, the Committee organized two seminars: one on

Brazils priorities and positions at the international human

rights system and the second entitled The Prevalence o

Human Rights in Brazilian Foreign Policy: Challenges or

Citizen Participation and Democratic Control.

Notes - Executive Summary

Proposals are: resoluons, amendments and moons submied for approval. Referring to the Human Rights C ouncil,1.

decisions and pronouncements of the agencys president were also included, since their procedures are similar.

The total number of proposals considered (131) does not represent the sum of Brazils adherences to the consensus,2.

abstenons, votes in favor and votes against because, in 2009, a statement of the HRC President was adopted without

demanding Member States to take a posion.

Idem.3.

Among these proposals approved by consensus by the HRC in 2009, 48 are decisions referring to the adopon of reports4.

of the Universal Periodic Review. Due to the high number of proposals approved by consensus, these were not listed with

proposals approved by vong. However, they are presented in the table with all proposals discussed by the Human Rights

Council in 2009 in the respecve chapter.

The sum total of numbers that refer to the countries reacons is 162. This numeric dierence is explained by the fact that5.

recommendaons that Brazil made to Saudi Arabia and Malaysia were not in the UPR outcome report due to lack of me.

Therefore, they were not ocially recognized by the State under review. Such recommendaons are in the table for didacc

purposes, and their content was collected from wrien pronouncements delivered by Brazil. They are available in the Council

Extranet (hp://portal.ohchr.org/portal/page/portal/HRCExtranet - user: hrc extranet password: 1session). Access on July

26th, 2010.


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