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Confined Rescue A Timeline to Rescue and Rescue Systems By Michael Lafreniere

Confined Rescue A Timeline to Rescue - …vppparegion3.org/ppts/Rescue_Timeline_Stever_Ritter.pdfConfined Rescue A Timeline to Rescue ... Rescue Response Time Goals • On-Site Team

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Confined Rescue A Timeline to Rescue

and Rescue Systems

By Michael Lafreniere

Defining Response Time

•  Reaction Time •  Contact Time •  Response Time •  Assessment Time •  Preparation Time •  Rescue Time

Reaction Time

•  Time between the entrant having a problem requiring rescue and the safety attendant’s recognition that the entrant has problem

Contact Time

•  The time taken by the attendant to contact the rescue team.

Response Time

•  The time taken by the rescuers to arrive at the scene of the rescue after contact.

Assessment Time

•  The time taken by a rescue team to size up the problem and determine the strategy to perform a safe, efficient rescue

Preparation Time

•  The time take by a rescue team to set up for the rescue.

Rescue Time

•  The time taken for the team to reach, treat, package, and evacuate the victim from the confined space.

Untimely Rescue Response

•  CPR Emergency – Goal: 4 minutes – OSHA Preamble

•  Golden Hour – Patient delivery within an hour of the injury – Example

•  Falls off a ladder •  Broken Bones

Rescue Response Time Goals

•  On-Site Team – Almost impossible to respond to a rescue

summons and reach a victim within OSHA’s goal of 4 minutes

– Unless using Rescue-Standby (team is already set up)

•  Appropriate Goal –  Initiate patient transport to the hospital within

30-40 minutes of the incident

Rescue Response Time Goal •  0 – 3 minutes

–  Permit-Required Confined Space incident occurs and rescue team is called

•  3 – 13 minutes (10 min. duration) –  Rescue Team Arrives at the Scene

•  13 – 23 minutes (10 min. duration) –  Rescue Team Sizes up and Prepares to initiate rescue

•  23 – 38 minutes (15 min. duration) –  Rescue team reaches and rescues patient.

•  38 – 53 minutes (15 min. duration) –  Patient is transported and arrives at emergency room

Rescue Response Decision-Making Criteria

•  Rescue Standby (RS) –  Requires team to be present and able to enter the space

immediately and reach the patient in 2 to 4 minutes

•  Rescue Available (RA) –  Requires the team to be able to respond to the entry site

in about 10 minutes and reach the patient approximately 5 minutes later.

•  Can Categorize PRCS – Pre-Plan –  Best to assign on an entry by entry basis

Rescue Response Categories

•  Rescue Available – Do not require entrants to wear fresh air

breathing equipment – Do not expose the entrant to any obvious IDLH

or potential IDLH hazard – Do not warrant rescue personnel standing by

during the entry, and – Do not require the entrant to have assistance to

exit the space, under normal circumstances

Rescue Response Categories

•  Space in which entrants are required to use fresh air breathing equipment

•  Spaces in which an obvious IDLH hazard exists or potentially exists, and/or

•  Spaces from which an entrant would be expected to have difficulty exiting without help

Determining Rescue Response

•  Entry Supervisor must decide for each entry •  Three questions should be asked

–  Is the hazard or potential hazard immediately dangerous to life or health (IDLH)?

–  Is breathing air required for entry? – Would the entrant have difficulty exiting the

space unassisted? •  Any “yes” – then Rescue Standby (RS)

References

•  Confined Space and Structural Rope Rescue, Michael Roop, Thomas Vines, and Richard Wright, Published by Mosby, Inc., 1998.

•  Confined Space: Entry and Rescue – A Training Manual, Published by CMC Rescue, Inc., 1996.