Confucianism and Buddhism

Confucianism and Buddhism

Ch. 7

V. The Age of Buddhism (400-845) A. began in India in 500bc

B. many began practicing during the period of disunion after the fall of the Han

*these were times of trouble *people took comfort in Buddhist teachings and felt they can escape and achieve a state of peace. 1. “suffering can end through cycle

of rebirth” C. influenced art, literature, architecture D. blended with Confucianism & Daoism

BuddhismD. Buddhist teachings 1. a religion- based on teachings of Siddhartha Gautama, aka Buddha 2. Buddha means “enlightened one” 3. He lived in India 563-483 BC 4. he brought the religion to China in 200 AD

by Buddhist monks who traveled along the Silk Road

Buddhismthis comes from the curriculum. The teacher is not pushing her personal beliefs onto the students.

5. Buddhist Teachings- 4 Noble Truths

(1) all life is suffering and pain

(2) suffering and pain are caused by

desire for wealth, pleasure, fame, power

(3) to end suffering one must overcome

desire

(4) to over come desire, one must foll the

Middle Way

Buddhism6. The Middle Way- to have morally

excellent conduct and compassion for all

living things = calmness and purity of mind

Buddhism7. Reincarnation- when a person dies, the soul is

reborn in a new body

8. Nirvana- the first goal is to attain nirvana = desire nothing

9. After nirvana, a person breaks the cycle of life and death; they are no longer is reincarnated into an earthy life of suffering

10. The final goal- to devote their lives to bring others to enlightenment

Instructions: create a timeline using the dates from your notes

220HanDynasty

“period of disunion” 589 Sui

Dynasty

618

907

Tang Dynasty

5 Dynasties&

10 kingdoms

960SongDynasty

Age of Buddhism 845400

1279 1368

Yuan Dynasty

1644

907

Ming Dynasty

Main Idea 3: The Age of Buddhism saw major

religious changes in China.Buddhism was spreading quickly throughout the lands. It first came to China during the Han dynasty.

During the troubled time of the Period of Disunion, many turned to Buddhism. They took comfort in the teaching that people can escape suffering and achieve a state of peace.

It influenced many aspects of Chinese culture. Wealthy people donated money to build temples. It also affected art, literature, and architecture.

Buddhism came to an end there when the Tang emperor launched a campaign against it, burning texts and destroying temples.

7.3.37.3.6

Confucianism and GovernmentThe Big Idea

Confucian thought influenced the Song government.

Main Ideas

• Confucianism underwent changes and influenced Chinese government.

• Scholar-officials ran China’s government during the Song dynasty.

VII. Confucianism and Government1. Confucius’ ideas influenced the Song Dynasty A. focused on two principles of ethics

1. ren: concern for others2. li: proper behavior

ConfucianismB. Belief System- Kong Fuzi = Confucious 1. lived in China 551-479 BC

2. developed the philosophy of life and for government

3. focused on proper conduct, respect for elders, education, and government service

4. he felt this would create a peaceful, stable society

Confucianism5. He based his ideas on ancient Chinese

traditions of respect and hard work

ConfucianismB. The Code of Behavior = 5 relationships

1. ruler and subject

2. parent and child

3. husband and wife

4. sibling and sibling

5. friend and friend

ConfucianismC. The 5 RelationshipsC. The 5 Relationships 1. he believed these relationships would be 1. he believed these relationships would be

harmonious if the people involved were loyal, harmonious if the people involved were loyal, courteous, honesty, faithful and obedient to those in courteous, honesty, faithful and obedient to those in authorityauthority

2. he taught that harmony in the family would result in 2. he taught that harmony in the family would result in showing respect for parentsshowing respect for parents

3. if people followed these examples, then harmony, 3. if people followed these examples, then harmony, and a stable society would be possibleand a stable society would be possible

Chapter 7

Chapter 7, Section 3

Confucian Ideas – p.177• Teachings focused on ethics or proper

behavior for individuals & governments

• People should follow 2 basic principles-

• Ren-concern for others

• Li-appropriate behavior

• Society would work best if everyone followed ren and li

Confucian Ideas – p. 177• Everyone had a proper role in society

• Order was maintained if everyone knew their roles and behaved appropriately

• Ex. – young people should obey their elders

• Ex. – subjects should obey their rulers

The Influence of Confucianism – p.177

• At first, his ideas not widely followed after his death

• Han Dyn.-comes into favor

• Becomes the official state philosophy

The Influence of Confucianism – p. 177

• Period of Disunion-overshadowed by Buddhism

• Sui & early Tang-Buddhism very influential-promising escape from suffering

• Confucianism, which stressed ethics, lost some influence, but still important

Neo-Confucianism – p. 178• Late in Tang Dyn.-renewed interest in

Confucianism

• because scholars wanted to improve govt. & society

• Neo-Confucianism develops during & after the Song Dynasty

• Neo means new

Neo-Confucianism – p. 178• Neo-Confucianism-similar to old

philosophy because it taught proper behavior

• It also emphasized spiritual matters (new part)

• Much more influential under Song and even more later

• Ideas became official govt. teachings after Song

Confucius Quotes• A superior man is modest in his speech,

but exceeds in his actions. • Choose a job you love, and you will never

have to work a day in your life. • Our greatest glory is not in never falling,

but in rising every time we fall. • Success depends upon previous

preparation, and without such preparation there is sure to be failure.

Scholar Officials – pp. 178-179• Song Dyn. improved system by which people

worked for the govt.• Workers formed a bureaucracy-body of

unelected govt. officials• Civil Service-means service as a govt. official• People had to pass written exams to become

govt. officials• Students were tested on Confucianism &

related ideas

Scholar-Officials – pp. 178-179• Tests very difficult-took years of study

• Passing meant life as a scholar-official-an educated member of the govt.

• Scholar-officials were highly respected members of society with many privileges

• This system ensured that talented people became govt. officials













desire


Middle Way



















2. parent and child

3. husband and wife







2. Neo- ConfucianismA. Buddhist, Daoist, Confucius’ ideas blended together

1. emphasized spiritual matters

a. why do good people do bad things?

3. Scholar officialsA. educated government officials 1. civil service exams a. those who passed became part

of bureaucracy for life

2.created a stable, efficient government


220HanDynasty


Dynasty

618

907

Tang Dynasty

5 Dynasties&

10 kingdoms

960SongDynasty


1279 1368

Yuan Dynasty

1644

907

Ming Dynasty

Main Idea 1:Confucianism underwent

changes and influenced Chinese government.• The dominant philosophy in China was Confucianism, based on

the teachings of Confucius.

• His teachings focused on proper behavior.

• Confucius taught that people should conduct their lives according to two basic principles.

– One was ren, or concern for others.

– The other was li, or appropriate behavior.

Neo-Confucianism• After his death, Confucius’s

ideas were spread by his followers, but as Buddhism became more popular, Confucianism lost some influence.

• Buddhism stressed a more spiritual outlook that promised escape from suffering.

• Neo-Confucianism developed due to a desire to improve Chinese government and society.

• It was similar to the older philosophy but emphasized spiritual matters.

• Neo-Confucianism became more influential under the Song, and became official government teaching after the Song dynasty.

Main Idea 2: Scholar-officials ran China’s government during the Song

dynasty. • The Song dynasty improved the system by which people went to work for the government.

• These workers formed a large bureaucracy, or a body of unelected government officials.

Civil Service Examinations• Officials joined the

bureaucracy by passing civil service examinations.

• Civil service means service as a government official.

• These were a series of written examinations that tested students’ grasp of Confucianism and related ideas.

• The tests were difficult, and students spent years preparing.

• Passing the exam meant life as a scholar-official, an educated member of government.

DaoismA. Laozi- the first Daoist philosopher, 606-

530 BC

B. Teachings-

1. the goal in life was to achieve oneness with the Dao, a universal force connected to nature that cannot be defined, only experienced and felt

Daoism 2. humans should see themselves as part

of nature and should understand change as part of everything

3. the best way for humans to find peace is by living simply, in harmony with nature

4. observe how nature acts- sit by a river, feel a breeze, observe a cloud drifting, etc

Daoism 5. they don’t believe in strong

government, they believe happiness and pace can be achieved by thinging about nature and leading a balanced life in tune with nature; not laws or rules

6. harmony comes from balanceing the opposite forces of nature called yin and yang

Daoism 7. yin’s attributes = female, earth, dark,

cold

8. yang’s attributes = male, sky, light,

heat











2. parent and child

3. husband and wife







Chapter 7

Chapter 7, Section 3

Confucian Ideas – p.177• Teachings focused on ethics or proper

behavior for individuals & governments

• People should follow 2 basic principles-

• Ren-concern for others

• Li-appropriate behavior

• Society would work best if everyone followed ren and li

Confucian Ideas – p. 177• Everyone had a proper role in society

• Order was maintained if everyone knew their roles and behaved appropriately

• Ex. – young people should obey their elders

• Ex. – subjects should obey their rulers

The Influence of Confucianism – p.177

• At first, his ideas not widely followed after his death

• Han Dyn.-comes into favor

• Becomes the official state philosophy

The Influence of Confucianism – p. 177

• Period of Disunion-overshadowed by Buddhism

• Sui & early Tang-Buddhism very influential-promising escape from suffering

• Confucianism, which stressed ethics, lost some influence, but still important

Neo-Confucianism – p. 178• Late in Tang Dyn.-renewed interest in

Confucianism

• because scholars wanted to improve govt. & society

• Neo-Confucianism develops during & after the Song Dynasty

• Neo means new

Neo-Confucianism – p. 178• Neo-Confucianism-similar to old

philosophy because it taught proper behavior

• It also emphasized spiritual matters (new part)

• Much more influential under Song and even more later

• Ideas became official govt. teachings after Song

Confucius Quotes• A superior man is modest in his speech,

but exceeds in his actions. • Choose a job you love, and you will never

have to work a day in your life. • Our greatest glory is not in never falling,

but in rising every time we fall. • Success depends upon previous

preparation, and without such preparation there is sure to be failure.

Scholar Officials – pp. 178-179• Song Dyn. improved system by which people

worked for the govt.• Workers formed a bureaucracy-body of

unelected govt. officials• Civil Service-means service as a govt. official• People had to pass written exams to become

govt. officials• Students were tested on Confucianism &

related ideas

Scholar-Officials – pp. 178-179• Tests very difficult-took years of study

• Passing meant life as a scholar-official-an educated member of the govt.

• Scholar-officials were highly respected members of society with many privileges

• This system ensured that talented people became govt. officials













desire


Middle Way



















2. parent and child

3. husband and wife







2. Neo- ConfucianismA. Buddhist, Daoist, Confucius’ ideas blended together

1. emphasized spiritual matters

a. why do good people do bad things?

3. Scholar officialsA. educated government officials 1. civil service exams a. those who passed became part

of bureaucracy for life

2.created a stable, efficient government


220HanDynasty


Dynasty

618

907

Tang Dynasty

5 Dynasties&

10 kingdoms

960SongDynasty


1279 1368

Yuan Dynasty

1644

907

Ming Dynasty

Documents

Confucianism and Buddhism