Constant Fixation

Constant Fixation

15s

………

.5s 6-15 s 6-15 s

1000Hz 1200Hz

MFG, Right Hemisphere, Visit 1


Slice Depth: Y=-36ControlsPatients

Vis

it 1

Vis

it 2

Controls:N=41, p<1x10-10

Patients:N=44, p<1x10-5

Slice Depth: Z=-11ControlsPatients



Vis

it 1

Vis

it 2



STG, Right Hemisphere, Visit 1




ControlsPatients

Vis

it 1

Vis

it 2

Slice Depth: Y=-65





ControlsPatients

Vis

it 1

Vis

it 2

Slice Depth: Z=-3

Axial Slices of Brainstem Averaged Across Populations

and Visits

Inferior

Superior

Z= -12

Z= -10

Z= -9

Z= -7

Z= -6

Z= -4

Time-Course by Visit and Diagnosis in MFG

Time-Course by Visit and Diagnosis in STG

Time-Course by field in STG

Time-Course by Site and Field in Control STG

STGAll Controls Patients

% Vox in Range (t>3) .681 .597 .675

# Active Voxels .648 .605 .677

% Signal Change .540 .606 .286

MFGAll Controls Patients

% Vox in Range (t>3) .452 .291 .833

# Active Voxels .434 .276 .765

% Signal Change .496 .488 .321

Intra-Class CorrelationsD

epen

dent

Var

iabl

esD

epen

dent

Var

iabl

es

Correlation between Response to Deviants and Breath Hold in STG

(Controls)

0.0000000000 0.0050000000 0.0100000000 0.0150000000 0.0200000000

sigchg_c_bre_STG

0.0000000000E0

1.0000000000E-3

2.0000000000E-3

3.0000000000E-3S

igC

hg

_c

_d

ev

_S

TG

r= .322, p=.003

Correlation between Response to Deviants and Breath Hold in STG

(Patients)

-0.0200000000

-0.0100000000

0.0000000000

0.0100000000

0.0200000000

0.0300000000

Sigch_P_B_STG

-0.0010000000

0.0000000000

0.0010000000

0.0020000000

Sig

ch

_P

_d

ev

_S

TG

r= .246, p= .02

Correlation between Response to Deviants and Breath Hold in MFG

(Controls)

-0.0050000000

0.0000000000

0.0050000000

0.0100000000

0.0150000000

0.0200000000

0.0250000000

sigch_c_b_MFG

-0.0010000000

0.0000000000

0.0010000000

0.0020000000

0.0030000000s

igc

h_

c_

de

v_

MF

G

r= .114, p= ns

Correlation between Response to Deviants and Breath Hold in MFG

(Patients)

-0.0100000000

0.0000000000

0.0100000000

0.0200000000

0.0300000000

0.0400000000

sigch_P_b_MFG

-0.0010000000

0.0000000000

0.0010000000

0.0020000000

Sig

ch

_P

_D

ev

_M

FG

r= -.041, p= ns

Voxel Counts by Visit and ROI

Voxel Counts by Visit

Voxel Counts by Field

Voxel Counts by Field and ROI

Cog WG

Auditory Oddball

Average STG Signal Change for Diagnostic Group

ControlN = 38

PatientN = 39

F = 9.2, p=.003

Average STG Signal Change for Diagnostic Group by Visit

ControlN = 38

PatientN = 39

Visit 1 Visit 2

Visit 1 Visit 2

Average STG Signal Change for Auditory Deviants by Field

1.5 T 3.0 T 4.0 T

Average STG Signal Change for Breath Hold by Field

1.5 T 3.0 T 4.0 T

1.5 T 3.0 T 4.0 T

Average STG Signal Change By Diagnosis and Field Strength

Average Hemodynamic Time Series Across ROI

ACG STG Thalamus

Visit 1 = Blue Visit 2 = Red

dlPFC Activation by Auditory Deviants

Controls N=38 Patients N=39

dlPFC Activation by Auditory Deviants

Controls N=38 Patients N=39

Reduced ThresholdIdentical Threshold

Cog WG

Dual Sternberg MMN Tasks

1 9 7 5 1 3 7 4 P A S V TGZ R

Rest Rest Set Size 5Set Size 2

******

* * * * * * * *

* 1 * 7 *

******

* * * * * * * *

A G T Y H

Fixation18 sec

Auditory tones: p(1000 Hz) = 0.9, p(1200 Hz) = 0.1 750 ms ISI, 100 ms durationVisual stimuli: block lengths = 18 sec, ISI = 2000 ms 9 sec of fixation at beginning and end of run

Repeat

Dual Visual Sternberg and Auditory Mismatch

Subjects

• Fifteen healthy subjects (9 females, 6 males; 13 right-handed, 2 left-handed)

• Age range 18 to 28 years (mean age 21.9 years)

• All had normal or corrected to normal visual acuity

Total

450

470

490

510

530

550

570

590

610

630

650

2-Load 5-Load 2-Load 5-Load

2 4

Average of response time

In Memory Set Out of Memory Set

Reaction TimesTotal

450

470

490

510

530

550

570

590

610

630

650

2-Load 5-Load 2-Load 5-Load

2 4


In Memory Set Out of Memory Set

Reaction Times

Reaction Time by Run for In-Set Probes

Run

450

470

490

510

530

550

570

590

610

630

650

2-Load 5-Load 2-Load 5-Load 2-Load 5-Load 2-Load 5-Load 2-Load 5-Load

1 2 3 4 5


-0.0008

-0.0006

-0.0004

-0.0002

0

0.0002

0.0004

0.0006

0.0008

0.001

DevLoad2

DevLoad5

DevRest

Study (All) Side (All) Orientation Volume

Average of PctSignalChange

ChunkCenter TimePoint

TimeSeriesBin

RestLow LoadHigh Load

Activations to Deviant during load conditions (fixed effects)

High LoadLow Load

Voxels where Load 5 > Load 2, t>=2 (random effects)

Cog WG

Emotional Oddball Task

Yamasaki, LaBar, McCarthy, PNAS, 2002

...

......

......

Emotional Distracter Task

Emotional Distracter

Emotional Distractor TaskMiddle Frontal Gyrus (anterior)

-0.10%

-0.05%

0.00%

0.05%

0.10%

0.15%

-3 0 3 6 9 12 15

Emotional novel

Neutral novel

Target

-0.10%

-0.05%

0.00%

0.05%

0.10%

0.15%

0.20%

0.25%

0.30%

-3 0 3 6 9 12 15

Emotional novel

Neutral novel

Target

Emotional Distractor TaskAmygdala

Anterior MFG

Posterior IFG

-0.10%

-0.05%

0.00%

0.05%

0.10%

0.15%

-3 0 3 6 9 12 15

Emotional novel

Neutral novel

Target

-0.10%

-0.05%

0.00%

0.05%

0.10%

0.15%

0.20%

-3 0 3 6 9 12 15

Emotional novel

Neutral novel

Target

Emotional Distracter Task

Sad Stimulus Distracter Task

Mood Measurement

１

３

５

７

９

-4 -2 0 0 2 4

Before the movies

Happy movies

Sad movies

After the movies

(min)

-

M

ood

+

Sadder

Happier

Neutral

Ave

rage

of

% S

igna

l Cha

nge

to

sad

stim

uli

0.10

0

0.10

0.20

0-4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 -4 -2 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20

Happy mood

Sad mood* *Left Right

Time course (ms)0.10

0

0.10

0.20

0-4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 -4 -2 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20-4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 -4 -2 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20

Happy mood

Sad mood

Happy mood

Sad mood* *Left Right

Time course (ms)

Activation of amygdala to sad pictures

-0.1

0

0.25

-4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20-4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20Ave

rage

of

% s

igna

l cha

nge

Time course (s)

Happy Mood Sad Mood*

Neutral stimuli

Sad stimuli

Neutral stimuli

Sad stimuli

Activation of amygdala

Goals for Cog Challenge Group

Evaluate Phase II SIRP design Did the inclusion of three working memory loads differentiate

schizophrenic and control samples?

Evaluate Phase II Auditory Oddball task Did temporal lobe activation differentiate schizophrenic and

control samples?

Cross-task comparisons for Phase II data Were similar patterns of dorsolateral PFC activation

observed in both SIRP and Oddball tasks?

Phase I (15s) Phase II (14s)

Memoranda Probe

3.5s 1.5s

Novel stimuli (6s)

+ ++

Emotional Distracters and Working Memory

-5

5

15

25

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16

-5

5

15

25

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16

RL

IFG

TR

MR

un

itsM

R u

nits

Scrambled Neutral Emotional

MFG

Documents

Constant Fixation