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Copyright © 2002 Delmar Thomson Learning Chapter 11 Processor Data Organization

Copyright © 2002 Delmar Thomson Learning Chapter 11 Processor Data Organization

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Copyright © 2002 Delmar Thomson Learning

Chapter 11

Processor Data Organization

Copyright © 2002 Delmar Thomson Learning

Objectives

Describe a processor file.Explain what two files make up a

processor file.Explain the function of a program

file.Explain the function of a data file.List the contents of a program file.

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Objectives (cont’d.)

Explain the contents of a bit file.Explain how a bit file is made up.Explain the contents and makeup

of an integer file.

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Objectives (cont’d.)

Explain what an element and a sub-element are.

List which instructions have multiple word elements.

Describe what status bits are and where they are used.

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Project File Terms

Project:The collection of the ladder program

and all associated information.Processor file:

Contains all information that is downloaded into the processor. The processor file contains program files and data files.

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Project File Terms (cont’d.)

Program files:Program files are ladder files. The

SLC 500 can contain up to 256 ladder files.

Data files:Data files contain data associated

with the ladder file(s). The SLC 500 can contain up to 256 data files.

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Project File Terms (cont’d.)

Database files:Database files contain ladder

documentation file data.

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RSLogix 500 Project Tree

The RSLogix 500 software stores all project files in the project tree.

File is a group of related elements.Project tree is similar to a table of

contents.

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RSLogix 500 Project Tree

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Processor Memory Is Like a Two-Drawer File Cabinet

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Program Files in Their Separate File Drawer

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Data Files Stored in Their Separate Drawer

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SLC 500 Default Data Files

When a new project is created, the software creates data files 0 through 8.

Each file has a file identifier and a file number.

A file is a group of related elements.The file identifier and file number

make up part of the data stored in the files address.

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SLC 500 Default Data Files

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SLC 500 Default Data Files

(cont’d.)

Each file contains specific information needed by the processor in order to complete its job of executing the user ladder program.

Default data files are organized as follows:

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File 0, Output Status File

Made up of single bits grouped into a 16-bit word.

Each bit represents the on or off state of one output point.

There is one output word reserved for each output module in your SLC 500 system.

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File 0, Output Status File(cont’d.)

File identified as file O.Bit identifiers across top of file

represent discrete output screw terminal designation.

Address format O:2.0.O identifies output file type.2 identifies output module in chassis

slot 2..0 identifies word zero.

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SLC 500 Output Status File

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File 1, Input Status File

Made up of single bits grouped into a 16-bit word.

Each bit represents the on or off state of one input point.

There is one input word reserved for each input module in your SLC 500 system.

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File 1, Input Status File (cont’d.)

File identified as file 1.Bit identifiers across top of file

represent discrete output screw terminal designation.

Address format I:3.0.I identifies output file type.3 identifies input module in chassis

slot 3..0 identifies word zero.

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SLC 500 Input Status File

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SLC 500 Input Status File (cont’d.)

Only words in the output and input status files are created for I/O modules that actually exist in the SLC 500 system.

Output and input status file word creation is part of the I/O configuration process.

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B3, Binary or Bit File

The binary or bit file stores single bit data.

Binary file also referred to a internal coil, internal relay storage.

Internal bits are used to store internal data.

Identified as file B3.

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Each Bit File Element Consists of One 16-Bit Word

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T4, Timer File

The timer file stores only timer elements.

An element is a word or group of words that work together as a unit.

A timer is made of three pieces or words:Preset valueAccumulated valueStatus bits

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T4, Timer File (cont’d.)

The preset value and accumulated value are 16-bit signed integers.

Status bits are single bits that make up one 16-bit word.

These three words work together as a unit.

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One Timer Element Is Made of Three 16-Bit

Words

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Timer Addressing

Sample timer element addressT4:2T4 = timer file 4:2 = timer element #2 (0-255

timer elements per file)

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Sub-Element

A sub-element is part of an element addressable as a unit.

The preset value and accumulated value are sub-elements of a timer.T4:0.PRET4:0.ACC

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Timer Status Bits

Timers have three status bits.Done bit (DN) is true when the

accumulated value and preset are equal.

Timer timing bit (TT) is true when the timer is timing.

Enable bit (EN) is true when the timer instruction is enabled or true.

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Timer Bit AddressingStatus bit addresses for timer file 4,

timer element 2 (T4:2) are listed below:

T4:2/DN is the address for the done bit.

T4:2/EN is the address for the enable bit.

T4:2/TT is the address for the timer timing bit.

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Timer File T4

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C5, Counter FileThe counter file stores only counter

elements.An element is a word or group of

words that work together as a unit.A counter is made of three pieces or

words:Preset valueAccumulated valueStatus bits

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C5, Counter File (cont’d.)

The preset value and accumulated value are 16-bit signed integers.

Status bits are single bits that make up one 16-bit word.

These three words work together as a unit.

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One Counter Element Is Made of Three 16-Bit Words

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Counter Addressing

Sample counter element address C5:2C5 = timer file 5:2 = counter element #2 (0-255

timer elements per file)

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Sub-Element

A sub-element is part of an element addressable as a unit.

The preset value and accumulated value are sub-elements of a counter.C5:0.PREC5:0.ACC

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Counter Status Bits

Counter has five status bits.Done bit (DN) is true when the

accumulated value and preset are equal.

Count up enable bit (CU) is true when the up counter is true or enabled.

Count down enable bit (CD) is true when the count down counter is enabled or true.

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Counter Status Bits (cont’d.)

The overflow bit (OV) is true when the up counter has overflowed above +32767.

The underflow bit (UN) is true when the down counter has underflowed below -32768.

The update accumulator bit (UA) is a high-speed counter status bit for fixed SLC 500 PLCs.

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Counter Status Bit Addressing

Status bit addresses for counter file 5, counter element 0 (C5:0) are listed below:

C5:0/DN is the address for the done bit.

C5:0/CU is the address for the count up enable bit.

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Counter Status Bit Addressing (cont’d.)

C5:0/CD is the address for the count down enable bit.

C5:0/OV is the address for the count up overflow bit.

C5:0/UN is the address for the count down underflow bit.

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Counter File C5

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R6, the Control File

The control file is used to store status information for Bit shiftFirst in and first out stacks (FIFO)Last in and first out stacks (LIFO)Sequencer instructionsCertain ASCII instructions

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One Control Element Is Made

of Three 16-Bit Words

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N7, Integer File

The integer file stores a 16-bit signed integer representing a whole number.

Integer file data range –32,768 to +37,767.

Integer file has no status bits.Each integer file can have 0 to 255

integer elements.

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Integer File Element Consists of 16-Bit Elements

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F8, Floating Point File

Storage of fractional numerical data or values greater than 32767.

Data range of 1.1754944e-38 to 3.40282347e+38.

Floating point file is processor operating system dependant.

Must have 5/03 modular processor with OS 301 or above, 5/04 or 5/05 processor.

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Floating Point File Data Representation

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User-Defined Data FilesDefault files are data files 0 through

8.Total of 256 data files if processor

will support them.Each data file can have up to 256

elements if processor supports them and has enough memory.

Files greater than file number 8 are user defined files.

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User-Defined Data Files

User-defined files are data files the user can create and define as needed for specific applications.

Cannot create additional output, input, or status files.

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SLC 500 User-Defined Files

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Review of SLC 500 Data Files