Copyright © 2013 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Autonomic Nervous System

Copyright © 2013 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

Autonomic Nervous System


Taylor: Memmler’s Structure and Function of the Human Body

Table of Contents

1. Objectives for this lesson

2. Definition of Autonomic Nervous System and muscles and organs involved.

3. Flow Chart of the Nervous system including Divisions of ANS.

4. Sympathetic and Parasympathetic pathways and their Effects on the organs.



Objectives

When you finish this lesson, you should be able to

• Define Autonomic nervous system , know the main systems involved involved

• Explain the Functions of the ANS and the Flow chart of the Autonomic nervous system.

• Identify and differentiate between the sympathetic and Parasympathetic divisions

• Understand the sympathetic and parasympathetic pathways , and their effect on the body systems.



Autonomic nervous system

• The autonomic nervous system (ANS) or visceral nervous system is the part of the peripheral nervous system that controls homeostasis.(internal functions)



• The main systems that are controlled by the ANS are

• cardiovascular,

• GIT

• respiratory.

• Many of the activities of the ANS are involuntary. (However, breathing, for example, can be in part consciously controlled.)





The ANS is Part of the peripheral nervous system, which controls

• Smooth muscles,

• Cardiac muscles

• Glands



Autonomic Nervous System

Sympathetic

• “Fight or flight”

• “E” division Exercise, excitement, emergency, and embarrassment

Parasympathetic • “Rest and digest”

• “D” division

• Digestion, defecation, and diuresis



SYMPATHATIC



PARASYMPATHETIC



Sympathetic

• “ Fight or flight” response

• Release adrenaline and noradrenaline

• Increases heart rate and blood pressure

• Increases blood flow to skeletal muscles

• Inhibits digestive functions

CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEMBrain

Spinalcord

SYMPATHETIC

Dilates pupil

Inhibits salivation

Relaxes bronchi

Accelerates heartbeat

Inhibits activity

Stimulates glucose

Secretion of adrenaline,nonadrenaline

Relaxes bladder

Stimulates ejaculationin male

Sympatheticganglia

Salivaryglands

Lungs

Heart

Stomach

PancreasLiver

Adrenalgland

Kidney



Parasympathetic

• “ Rest and digest ” system

• Calms body to conserve and maintain energy

• Lowers heartbeat, breathing rate, blood pressure

CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEMBrain

PARASYMPATHETIC

Spinalcord

Stimulates salivation

Constricts bronchi

Slows heartbeat

Stimulates activity

Contracts bladder

Stimulates erectionof sex organs

Stimulates gallbladder

Gallbladder

Contracts pupil



PARASYMPATHETIC DIVISION

• Also called CRANIO SACRAL DIVISION

• Fibers of parasympathetic originates from the craniosacral region of the spinal cord

ANATOMY OF PARASYMPATHETIC & SYMPATHETIC DIVISION



ANATOMY OF PARASYMPATHETIC & SYMPATHETIC DIVISION

SYMPATHETIC DIVISION

• Also called THORACO LUMBAR DIVISION

• Fibers of Sympathetic originates from the thoracolumbar region of the spinal cord





• Sympathetic• Parasympathetic

CNS ganglionUnmyelinated motor neuron

Myelinated motor neuron

effector

Work antagonistically







Some Exercise now....



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