Creative problem Solving Juntune.pdf

7/29/2019 Creative problem Solving Juntune.pdf

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The Creative Problem Solving (CPS) process is

based on the research and findings of

Dr. Sidney Parnes and Dr. Alex Osborn.The original ten-step process has been synthesized

into five stages.

This is not a lock-step method, but a guide that

takes one from a problem situation to a workable

solution. Each stage entails both divergent and

convergent thinking skills.

Solving problems creatively is a skill that can be

learned. It must be practiced like any other skill

to become proficient at it. To ensure a clear

understanding of the stages of the CPS process, it

is advisable to work on various techniques for each

stage separately. Eventually, one chooses the

techniques most useful for each stage as they

progress through the process. No one technique

will work for every problem. Different techniquesare designed for different problem situations.

J. Juntune


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During this stage, the "problem" situation is briefly

described as seen at this time.

Examples of mess findingquestions and

comments:

Describe the situation as you see it.

Talk about your situation.

Summarize your situation in one sentence.

J. Juntune


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This stage focuses on the gathering of facts and impressions

about the situation.

Examples of guideline questions for data finding:

Who. . . Which people are involved?

Who does this situation affect?

What . . .List things that are involved.

What feelings or circumstances are

related to this situation?

When . . .When did this happen (year, month, dayhour etc.)?

Are there any times or dates involved?

Where . . .Where is the physical location of this

situation?

Are there any other places involved?

How . . . How did this situation come about?

How come you or others are involved?How has this situation affected other

areas of your life?

J. Juntune


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Who?

What?

Where?

Whe

n?

Why?

How?

Information

Impressions

O

bservations

Feelings

Questions


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During this stage, specific problem statements are

developed. The problem should be stated in as many

ways as possible. Each statement should begin with the

words, "In what ways might I . . .?" (IWWMI. . .?)

State the problem from many points of view.

Examples of problem findingstatements are:

State the situation. IWWMI . . .?

What is the end goal? IWWMI . . .?

Why do you want the situation solved?

What is the result of the situation?

Is there another way to deal with the situation?

What about the situation or result is most

disturbing to you? IWWMI . . .?

This is the stsge that defines ownership for the

problem. The IWWM should end with I, our team, our

community, etc. We can only effectively solve the

problems for which we take ownership. J. Juntune


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LADDERofABSTRACTION

IWW

MI...

IWWMI...

IWW

MI...

IWWMI...

IWWMI...

IWW

MI...

IWWMI...

Whyelse?

Whyelse

?

Why?

Howelse?

How?

Howelse?


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This stage is designed to help one brainstorm many

possible solutions to the problem statement. The

emphasis is on producing a large number of varied

ideas in a short period of time.

Examples of idea findingquestions:

List many solutions for the problem situaion.

They can be obvious and unusual.

What else might you do?

What funways might you use to solve the

situation?

Relate the problem to a common sound

or object.

What ideas do you think of?

In what ways might a book or story relate to

the problem?

J. Juntune


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oblem

Statement____

_________________

__________________

_________________

__________

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Brainwriting


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This step helps one set the criteria and weigh ideas generated

against the criteria. Criteria are the guidelines, standards or

measuring sticks one needs to consider when making a decision

about which solution to pursue.

Examples of criteria generatingquestions:

What things do you need to think about

when making this decision?

What standards must the solutions meet?

What questions will others ask about your decision?

After many criteria have been listed, select the ones you feel are

most significant. The criteria and alternative solutions may be

put on a grid for weighing. Each alternative is weighed against

each criteria and given a number value.

The grid can also be used as a guide. If the idea you like the bestcomes out with the lowest number value, the grid will point out

the weaknesses of the idea.

From all the possible solutions, chose one to implement.

J. Juntune


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Solution Finding - Criteria Development

Criteria Thought Guides

standardsdescribes the ideal

worded in the positivemustswants

An ideal __________________ will . . .

J. Juntune

Name _________________________________

Mark the criteria you want to use.Turn each marked criteria into a criteria question.


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Name______________

______________________

________

CPS-SolutionFinding

criteria

alternativ

es

NumberScale

__________

excellent

_________

poor

Total

H

M

R


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This stage is has two parts. It involves gaining acceptance for

the idea and writing a plan of action for putting the solution into

effect.

Examples of acceptance findingquestions:

Who will help me make this idea work?

Which methods will be effective in selling this idea?

Who will resist this idea? Why?

How might resistance be overcome?

How might I pretest this idea?

What advantages can I show for this idea?

Examples ofplan of actionquestions:

Who is involved?

What things are needed to implement this idea?

How long will it take to implement this idea?

What problems might arise during implementation?

How can they be overcome?

When all the steps of the Creative Provblem Solving Process are completed, it is not unusual to

discover a whole new problem, especially if the original problem was complicated.

The new problem is then taken through the CPS process. J. Juntune


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Gainin

g

Acceptance

compatibility

observability

assisters

resisters

J.Juntune


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Acceptance

Finding

-

Plan

of

Action

Summarizetheactionthatwillbetaken

Stepsforcarryingouttheplan

1

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Date

completed

Person

responsible

2

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3

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4

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5

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6

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7

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8

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9

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CPS Stage Products

Documents

Creative problem Solving Juntune.pdf