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8/3/2019 Dairy Breeds Inspects'
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KENYA LIVESTOCK BREEDERS
ORGANIZATION
GUIDELINES ON DAIRY
CATTLE BREEDS INSPECTION.
By Musyoka Duncan Mbai.
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INSPECTION OF DAIRYBREEDS IN KENYA
This Presentation is only a
Guideline of the main featuresand characteristics of the breeds:
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MAIN FOCUS:
The presentation focuses on thefollowing :
Colour.
Size.
Conformation.
Disposition. Production.
Recording at the farm.
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THE IMMEDIATE INSPECTION
TRAITS. The cow should display the dairycharacters.
The Wedge shape and not blocky.
Dairyness- ability to convert feeds into Milk. Last two ribs, Loin and rumpFleshing.
Should not have a hump.
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Cont.
Should not be heavily muscled.
Mature cows should have a
functional udder.Avoid any form of deformation on
cow.
Proportionate body parts.
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Wedge Shaped
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Top view
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HOLSEIN FRIESIAN
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Colour
Black and white
The black color may vary from white with
few black spots to almost 90% black. The cow Must have White tail switch and
surrounding the feet and legs endings.
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Red and white
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Colour
Red and White
Red with white spots.
The red colour may vary from white withfew red spots to almost 90% red.
Note: True Breeding Friesians should always
have the white color circling the fourhooves.
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Registration Of Red and White Colour among the Friesian cattle is a
phenotypic expression of dominant andrecessive genes.
The red colour arises as a result of pairingof recessive gene allies.
Red Friesian cows are strictly registeredwhen the Sire is a Red bull or Known
carrier of the red factor. Abbreviated RC incatalogues.
The Suffix R is added after the Name of
The cow.
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SIZE:
Cows- Between 350Kgs to 650kgs
Bulls- Can reach 1000kgs live weight
Heifers can be served at 290kgs if onegoes by weight.
On good management and nutrition the
weight can be achieved in 13month
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Conformation
Ruggedly built with large body frame andbody capacity.
Long head that is well muscled.
Narrow and straight thighs.
Well developed udder and teats.
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Disposition
Cows are docile.
Excellent grazers on good pastures.
consume large amount of food.
Feed on a variety of feed materials.
Though highly delicate on diseases andfeed deficiency or drought.
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Production
High milk producers with breed average inDRSK being 7,540kg in 305 days.
Low butter fat content of approximately2.8-3.9%
Low protein in milk.
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AYRSHIRE
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Color within the breed
Ayrshire may be complete brown
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MAKONGI BROCKLEHILL HERCULES
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Colour
The dominant color - Brown and white
The Brown color ranges from deep brown,
cherry red to mahogany The brown color may vary from white with
few brown spots to purely brown color.
Unlike Friesian breed white color aroundthe four hooves is not of any significantimportance.
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Size
Cows weight- 260 to 600Kgs
Bulls weight 500Kgs to 1000kgs
Heifer grow fast and can reach breedingweight of 260kgs in 13months on properfeeding and management.
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Conformation
The most beautiful breed with fewBreeding deformities to correct.
Have straight top lines, leveled rumps. Udders are good with proportional sized
teats for both hand and machine milking.
May or may not be polled.
The straight and lean muzzle.
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Disposition
Very active and good rustlers.
Good feet and legs, walks easily.
Noted for style and animation.
Excellent Grazers, have stamina and areactive
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Production
Good Milk producers production averangebetween 3500 to 7000kg in 305 days.
Milk has high butterfat content of between4.0% to 6.9%.
Protein Level is relatively high compared
to Friesian.
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GUERNSEY
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Colour
Varies from light Fawn to almost red withor without white markings.
At times face inner legs and flank bewhite.
Some white may appear on the body.
muzzle ending should be cream or buff.
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SIZE:
Cows- Between 250Kgs to 500kgs
Bulls- between 400Kgs to 700kg live
weight. Heifers can be served at 250kgs if one
goes by weight.
On good management and nutrition theweight can be achieved in 13month
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Conformation
Legs rugged built than Friesian but morerugged than Jersey.
Cows may be rough on rump and weak inloin.
Face may be double dished but longerthat of the Jersey.
The udders may be less symmetrical.
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Disposition
Cows are quite docile and alert.
Cows are easy to manage.
Good grazers on good pastures.
Hardy and active animals.
Consume less amount of food comparedto Friesian and Ayrshire.
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Production
Low milk producers compared to Friesianand Ayrshire With an average of 3,800kg
in 305 days. Milk ha golden color or deep cream color.
High butter fat content of approximately
4.5 6.5% High protein in milk.
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JERSEY
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Colour
Vary in colour depending on origine
The they vary from light fawn to black and
from white sported to solid coloured. Their muzzle is black with and light
encircling the eyes
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SIZE:
Cows- Between 250Kgs to 350kgs Bulls- Between 400Kgs to 600kgs live
weight.
Heifers can be served at 240kgs if onegoes by weight.
On good management and nutrition the
weight can be achieved in 13month
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Conformation
Small body frame and body capacity.
Long head that is well muscled and fleshed.
Well set Prominent eyes.
Double dished fore heads.
Narrow and straight thighs for lactating cows.
Dry cows and heifers may put on flesh
Well developed udders
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Disposition
Cows are docile.
Excellent grazers on good pastures.
Can consume large amount of food.
Good converters of poor quality feeds tomilk and flesh.
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Production
Low milk producers with an average of4800kgs in 305days.
Low butter fat content of approximately4.5-6.2%
High protein in milk.
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Brown Swiss
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Colour
Grey in colour
The udder and the inner thighs may
appear lighter than the rest of the body
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SIZE:
Cows- Between 350Kgs to 650kgs
Bulls- Can reach 1000kgs live weight
Heifers can be served at 290kgs if onegoes by weight.
On good management and nutrition theweight can be achieved in 13month
Bulls and call cows can be easily fattenedfor beef market unlike other dairy breeds.
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Conformation
Have large strong bone frames.
Cows have straight top lines, leveledrumps and sharp withers,
Large head that is dished. Due to strong frame they can be used as
power animals.
Narrow and straight thighs Have good developed udders both in
shape and attachment (in fore and rear
attachment).
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Disposition
Inclined to be nervures and sensitive. Under good management they can be pets.
Good grazers on poor pastures.
Can consume large amount of food.
Feed on anything edible.
Have low maintenance cost compared toothers. Hence ideal for smallholder farmersfor limited resources
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Production
High milk producers
Bred for milk with high butterfat of
approximately 3.5-4.8% Medium protein in milk.
Calves Grow very first while Steers
put on weight rapidly.
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When you get to the farm.
Introduce yourself.
Tell the farmer the reason for visiting him.
Introduce KLBO and its functions.
Let the farmer also know that there arecharges to be met on registration.
Request whether the farmer is willing toregister the herd.
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The records to confirm.
Cow Register if any at the farm.
Breeding Records (inseminations should
concur with calving dates given)Any catalogue at the farm. Or bulls
information available.
Milk production records if any.
The Measuring equipments at the farm arthey functional.
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Proper Animal Identification
Assist farmers to identify their animalsproperly.
Front Back
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Sketching
COW CARD
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COW CARD
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Other Records to be kept at theFarm
Daily Milk Production Records
Health Records.
Breeding Records. Heat dates andInseminations
Calving Dates.
Feeding Records.
Financial records.
Vaccination and deworming records.
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Train the farmer.
Let him also learn what you are doing.
How to fill the forms.
Other Necessary records that should bekept at the farm.
Fill forms as he watch and let him fill some
at your presence.
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Always be ready to;-
Assist him to learn how to interpret theinsemination offset and straw and eventhe catalogue.
Correct the farmer where things are notdone the right way.
Connect the farmer to the office. Ie give
your contact and that of the office forfuture communication.
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#SUMMARY#
For more details???contact the
KLBO orRelevant Breed Society.
Good luck !!!!
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CONTACTS
Kenya livestock Breeders Organization,
P.O. Box 478-20100
Nakuru.Tel: O51 2216996
Or 0723379048
Email: [email protected]