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Data SnapShot Series 1.0 March 2015 DATA SNAPSHOT Boone County

Data SnapShot Series 1.0 March 2015 DATA SNAPSHOT Boone County

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Data SnapShot Series 1.0March 2015

DATA SNAPSHOTBoone County

2

Hometown Collaboration InitiativeThis report has been produced by the Purdue Center for Regional Development as a part of the Indiana Hometown Collaboration Initiative (HCI). HCI is funded, in part, by the Indiana Office of Community and Rural Affairs.

Table of contents

Introduction01Demography02

Economy03Labor Market04

Purpose

About Boone County

01introductio

n

5

Purpose

This document provides information and data about Boone County that can be used to guide local decision-making activities.

The Data SnapShot showcases a variety of demographic, economic and labor market information that local leaders, community organizations and others can use to gain a better perspective on current conditions and opportunities in their county.

To strengthen the value and usability of the information, we showcase the data using a variety of visual tools such as charts, graphs and tables. In addition, we offer key points about the data as a way of assisting the user with the interpretation of the information presented.

Finally, short takeaway messages are offered at the end of each section in order to highlight some of the more salient findings.

Introduction

section 01

6

About Boone CountyIntroduction

section 01

County Background

Established 1830

CountySeat

Lebanon

Area 423 sq. mi.

NeighboringCounties

Clinton, INHamilton, IN

Hendricks, INMarion, IN

Montgomery, IN

Population change

Population pyramids

Race

Ethnicity

Educational attainment

Takeaways

02demograp

hy

8

Population change

Components of Population Change, 2000-2013

Total Change 14,521*

Natural Increase 3,400

International Migration

342

Domestic Migration

10,953

The total population is projected to increase by 9 percent between 2013 and 2020.

Demography

Sources: STATSIndiana, U.S. Census Bureau – 2000 Decennial Census, 2010 Decennial Census, 2013 Estimates, Estimates of the Components of Resident Population Change

section 02

The county’s overall population increased by 31 percent between 2000 and 2013. The major contributor to that expansion was domestic migration (the difference between the number of people moving into the county versus moving out) with a net growth of almost 11,000 persons.

International migration also had a positive effect on population with a net increase of 342, indicating that the county experienced a small influx of new people from outside the U.S. Finally, natural increase (births minus deaths over that span of time) also contributed 3,400 people to the population of Boone County.

Total population projections

2000

2010

2013

2020

46,107

56,640

60,477

66,161

*Estimation residuals are leading to a total change in population that differs from the sum of the components.

9

0-9

10-19

20-29

30-39

40-49

50-59

60-69

70-79

80+

9 6 3 0 3 6 9

7.5%

7.8%

5.3%

6.0%

7.4%

7.5%

4.4%

2.3%

1.2%

6.9%

7.3%

5.0%

6.4%

7.6%

7.6%

4.7%

2.8%

2.1%

Percent of Total PopulationA

ge C

oh

ort

0-9

10-19

20-29

30-39

40-49

50-59

60-69

70-79

80+

9 6 3 0 3 6 9

8.0%

7.7%

4.7%

7.6%

8.3%

5.8%

3.3%

2.2%

1.1%

7.4%

7.2%

4.9%

8.0%

8.6%

5.9%

3.6%

3.1%

2.4%

Percent of Total Population

Ag

e C

oh

ort

Population pyramidsPopulation pyramids are visual representations of the age distribution of the population by gender.

Approximately 51.2% of the population was female in 2000 (23,601 people), and that percent remained about the same in 2013. What did change is the distribution of people across the various age categories. A larger share of people shifted into the higher age groupings over the 2000 to 2013 time period.

Demography

Source: U.S. Census Bureau – 2000 Decennial Census and 2013 Annual Population Estimates

section 02

In particular, people 50 and over swelled from 12.4% to 15.4% for males and from 15.0% to 17.2% for females between 2000 and 2013. Individuals of prime working age -- 20-49 years old -- dipped from 20.6% to 18.6% for males and from 21.6% to 19.0% for females. The percent of residents under 20 years of age has remained unchanged.

Male

Female

20132000

Male

Female

10

White95%

Black

Asian

Native

Two or More Races

White98%

Black

Asian

Native

Two or More Races

Race

The number of non-White residents in Boone County increased by three percentage points between 2000 and 2013.

While every race experienced a numerical increase, the number of individuals that are Black, Asian, or Two or More Races increased between 3 and 6 times relative to their 2000 population, helping to expand the Other Races category from 2 percent to 5 percent of the total population by 2013.

Demography

Race Data Source: U.S. Census Bureau – 2000 Decennial Census and 2013 Annual Population Estimates

section 02

2000

2013

11

EthnicityHispanics are individuals of any race whose ancestry is from Mexico, Puerto Rico, Cuba, Spain, the Dominican Republic or any other Spanish-speaking Central or South American country.

There were 534 Hispanics residing in Boone County in 2000. This figure expanded to 1,536 by 2013, a 187.6 percent increase.

As a result, Hispanics now make up 3 percent of the overall population (versus 1 percent in 2000).

Demography

Source: U.S. Census Bureau – 2000 Decennial Census and 2013 Annual Population Estimates

section 02

3%

1%

Hispanics - 2000

Hispanics - 2013

12

No High School; 7%

High School;

28%

Some Col-lege; 16%Associate's

Degree; 8%

Bachelor's Degree or More; 41%

No High School; 12%

High School;

38%

Some Col-lege; 17%

Asso-ciate's Degree;

6%

Bachelor's Degree or More; 28%

Educational attainment Boone County had a 15 percentage

point increase between 2000 and 2013 in the proportion of adults

(25 and older) with an associates, bachelors, or graduate degree.

The proportion of adults 25 years of age and older with a high school

education or more improved from 88 percent in 2000 to 93 percent by

2013. Those with only a high school degree fell from 38 percent in 2000 to

28 percent in 2013.

Adults with an associate’s degree grew by 2 percentage points from 2000 to 2013 (6 percent versus 8

percent), while the proportion with a bachelor’s degree or more increased

from 28 percent to 41 percent over that same time period. As a result of

this growth, 49 percent of residents in Boone County had a college degree

(associates, bachelors or more) in 2013, which far exceeds the Indiana

rate of 32 percent.

Demography

Source: U.S. Census Bureau – 2000 Decennial Census and 2013 ACS

section 02

2000

2013

13

Takeaways The population of Boone County is expected to grow over the next few years, and if past trends hold, that increase will be largely due to domestic in-migration (more people moving into the county from other counties in Indiana or from other places in the U.S. that are moving out).

Boone County’s population also grew over the 2000-2013 period. In examining the population composition of Boone County, one finds a growing adult population of 50 and over as well as stable population of minors (0-19 years of age). What is most dramatic is the small percentage of young adults (20-29 years old) living in the county. While it has grown since 2000, it still remains small relative to the other age groups of prime working age.

While the population remains largely white and non-Hispanic, the racial and ethnic diversity of the county has more than doubled since 2000.

The educational attainment of adults 25 and over had dramatically increased since 2000 and the percent of adults with a terminal high school education or less has dropped. This has resulted in a resident labor force in which 1 in 2 adult residents have an associates, bachelors or higher education, 17 percentage points above the figure for Indiana as a whole.

High domestic in-migration and the healthy growth of people with post-secondary education translates into a county that may be gaining importance in the Indianapolis metropolitan area, as both an employment center and residential community.

In order to continue their growth toward a balanced ratio of working-age individuals and dependents (minors and elderly), Boone County should continue to develop the mix of services and amenities that will retain and attract educated young adults.

Demography

section 02

Establishments

Industries

Occupations

Income and poverty

Takeaways

03economy

15

Establishments

Components of Change for Establishments

Total Change (2000-11) 2,423

Natural Change (births minus deaths) 2,285

Net Migration 147

The number of establishments in Boone County nearly doubled from 2000 to 2011.

The rapid growth of establishments was largely due to natural change. In particular, 5,266 establishments were launched in the county between 2000-2011, while 2,981 closed, resulting in a gain of 2,285 establishments. There was a gain of 147 establishments due to net migration.

Economy

Source: National Establishment Time Series (NETS) – 2012 Database

section 03

An establishment is a physical business

location. Branches, standalones and

headquarters are all considered types of

establishments.

Definition of Company Stages

0 12 3

4

Self-employed

2-9 employees

10-99employees

100-499employees

500+employees

Note: The 2011 figures use 2012 data to include all gains and losses over the entire

year. Establishment information was calculated in-house and may differ slightly from publicly available data.

16

Number of establishments by stage/employment category

Economy

Source: National Establishment Time Series (NETS) – 2012 Database

section 03

2000 2011

Stage Establishments Proportion Establishment

s Proportion

Stage 0 844 31% 1,761 34%

Stage 1 1,514 55% 3,020 58%

Stage 2 350 13% 352 7%

Stage 3 30 1% 35 1%

Stage 4 - - 2* 0%

Total 2,738 100% 5,170 100%

Note: The 2011 figures use 2012 data to include all gains and losses over the entire year.

The NETS Database is derived from the Dun & Bradstreet archival national establishment data, a population of known establishments in the United States that is quality controlled and updated annually. Establishments include both private and public sector business units and range in size from one employee (i.e., sole-proprietors and self-employed) to several thousand employees.*ReferenceUSA only indicates one Stage 4 company. The second company is listed by both NETS and ReferenceUSA but they have differing employment records for the establishment.

17

Number of jobs by stage/employment category

Economy

Source: National Establishment Time Series (NETS) – 2012 Database

section 03

2000 2011Stage Jobs* Proportion Jobs* Proportion

Stage 0 844 5% 1,761 7%

Stage 1 5,428 29% 8,883 34%

Stage 2 8,055 44% 8,338 32%

Stage 3 4,105 22% 5,960 23%

Stage 4 - - 1,192 5%

Total 18,432 100% 26,134 100%

Note: The 2011 figures use 2012 data to include all gains and losses over the entire year.

* Includes both full-time and part-time jobs

18

Amount of sales (2011 dollars) by stage/employment category

Economy

Source: National Establishment Time Series (NETS) – 2012 Database

section 03

2000 2011Stage Sales Proportion Sales Proportion

Stage 0 $115,445,297 5% $124,559,869 4%

Stage 1 $768,403,588 32% $707,743,588 21%

Stage 2 $913,216,136 38% $682,740,912 20%

Stage 3 $611,780,943 25% $1,779,607,837 52%

Stage 4 - - $109,554,700 3%

Total $2,408,845,963 100% $3,404,206,906 100%

Note: The 2011 figures use 2012 data to include all gains and losses over the entire year.

19

Retail Trade15.6%

Administrative & Support & Waste Management & Remediation

Services11.2%

Government9.1%

Construction6.7%

Professional, Scientific, & Technical Services

6.6%

All Other Industries

50.8%

Top five industries in 2013

49.2 percent of jobs are tied to one of the top five industries in Boone County.

Retail Trade is the largest industry sector (6,004 jobs). Professional, Scientific, & Technical Services is the smallest of the top industry sectors with 2,536 jobs. Health Care & Social Assistance falls just outside the top five industries in Boone County with 2,344 jobs (6.1%).

All of the top five industries in Boone County, except Construction (-6.5%), gained jobs between 2002 and 2013. Of these, Administrative & Waste Management Services (+191.5%) and Retail Trade gained the most (106.0%).

Economy

Source: Economic Modeling Specialists International (EMSI) – 2014.3 – QCEW Employees, Non-QCEW Employees, Self-Employed, and Extended Proprietors

section 03

20

Industry distribution and changeNAICS Code Description Jobs

2002Jobs 2013

Change (2002-2013)

% Change (2002-2013)

Earnings 2013

11 Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing & Hunting 940 813 -127 -14% $32,866

21Mining, Quarrying, & Oil & Gas Extraction <10 12 - - $33,468

22 Utilities 41 68 27 66% $196,541 23 Construction 2,757 2,577 -180 -7% $45,739 31-33 Manufacturing 2,108 2,176 68 3% $61,430 42 Wholesale Trade 906 1,544 638 70% $56,502 44-45 Retail Trade 2,914 6,004 3,090 106% $37,316 48-49 Transportation & Warehousing 1,251 2,150 899 72% $44,658 51 Information 200 276 76 38% $45,667 52 Finance & Insurance 1,008 2,154 1,146 114% $42,075 53 Real Estate & Rental & Leasing 1,281 2,283 1,002 78% $27,487

54Professional, Scientific & Technical Services 1,616 2,536 920 57% $50,592

55Management of Companies and Enterprises 19 106 87 458% $62,860

56 Administrative & Waste Management 1,476 4,302 2,826 191% $23,960 61 Educational Services (Private) 250 660 410 164% $19,067 62 Health Care & Social Assistance 1,861 2,344 483 26% $47,255 71 Arts, Entertainment & Recreation 622 827 205 33% $20,027 72 Accommodation and Food Services 1,397 1,879 482 35% $15,852

81Other Services (except Public Administration) 1,646 2,280 634 39% $21,651

90 Government 2,635 3,521 886 34% $55,953 99 Unclassified Industry <10 <10 - - $0 All Total 24,938 38,512 13,574 54% $39,130

Economy

Source: Economic Modeling Specialists International (EMSI) – 2014.3 – QCEW Employees, Non-QCEW Employees, Self-Employed, and Extended Proprietors

section 03

21

Industry distribution and change

The largest percentage gains in employment in Boone County occurred in: Management of Companies

and Enterprises (+457.9 percent)

Administrative, Support, Waste Management, and Remediation Services (+191.5 percent)

The largest percentage losses in employment occurred in: Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing,

and Hunting (-13.5 percent) Construction (-6.5 percent)

Economy

Source: Economic Modeling Specialists International (EMSI) – 2014.3 – QCEW Employees, Non-QCEW Employees, Self-Employed, and Extended Proprietors

section 03

Employment Increase

Employment Decrease

Industries with the largest gains and losses in employment numbers between 2002 & 2013:

Retail Trade(+3,090)

Administrative & Waste

Management(+2,826)

Information(+1,146)

Construction(-180)

Agriculture & Forestry(-127)

22

Sales & Related 14.8%

Office & Administra-tive Support

13.0%

Transportation & Material Moving

9.3%

Management7.4%

Business & Fi-nancial Opera-

tions 6.4%

All Other Occupations

49.1%

Top five occupations in 2013The top five occupations in Boone County represent 50.9 percent of all jobs.

Sales & Related (5,719 jobs) and Office & Administrative Support (5,000 jobs) are the top two occupations in Boone County. Business & Financial Operations is the smallest of the top five occupations with 2,467 jobs.

All the five top occupations in Boone County had an increase in jobs between 2002 and 2013. However, Business & Financial Operations occupations gained the most (102.5%), followed closely by Office & Administrative Support (96.6%) and Transportation & Material Moving (95.1%) occupations.

Economy

Source: Economic Modeling Specialists International (EMSI) – 2014.3 – QCEW Employees, Non-QCEW Employees, Self-Employed, and Extended Proprietors

section 03

23

SOC Description Jobs

2002Jobs 2013

Change (2002-2013)

% Change (2002-2013)

Hourly Earnings

201311 Management 2,019 2,854 835 41% $26.92 13 Business & Financial Operations 1,218 2,467 1,249 103% $26.17 15 Computer & Mathematical 294 786 492 167% $30.09 17 Architecture & Engineering 288 328 40 14% $29.99 19 Life, Physical & Social Science 149 232 83 56% $32.41 21 Community & Social Service 231 316 85 37% $20.87 23 Legal 144 247 103 72% $33.57 25 Education, Training & Library 1,024 1,615 591 58% $18.39

27Arts, Design, Entertainment, Sports & Media 984 1,496 512 52% $18.77

29 Health Care Practitioners & Technical 957 1,525 568 59% $35.39 31 Health Care Support 473 657 184 39% $12.30 33 Protective Service 348 515 167 48% $18.78 35 Food Preparation & Serving Related 1,450 2,002 552 38% $9.07

37Building & Grounds Cleaning Maintenance 1,074 1,407 333 31% $10.82

39 Personal Care & Service 1,163 1,600 437 38% $10.71 41 Sales & Related 3,780 5,719 1,939 51% $15.99 43 Office & Administrative Support 2,543 5,000 2,457 97% $15.21 45 Farming, Fishing & Forestry 223 201 -22 -10% $11.40 47 Construction & Extraction 2,030 2,003 -27 -1% $18.91 49 Installation, Maintenance & Repair 902 1,194 292 32% $18.29 51 Production 1,480 2,246 766 52% $14.41 53 Transportation & Material Moving 1,828 3,566 1,738 95% $13.46 55 Military 160 192 32 20% $17.34 99 Unclassified 177 344 167 94% $11.44 All Total 24,938 38,512 13,574 54% $18.03

Occupation distribution and change

Economy

Source: Economic Modeling Specialists International (EMSI) – 2014.3 – QCEW Employees, Non-QCEW Employees, Self-Employed, and Extended Proprietors

section 03

24

Occupation distribution and change

Economy

Source: Economic Modeling Specialists International (EMSI) – 2014.3 – QCEW Employees, Non-QCEW Employees, Self-Employed, and Extended Proprietors

section 03

The largest percentage gains in employment in Boone County occurred in: Computer and Mathematical

(+167.3 percent) Business and Financial

Operations (+102.5 percent)

The largest percentage loss in employment occurred in: Farming, Fishing, and Forestry

(-9.9 percent) Construction and Extraction (-

1.3 percent)

Occupations with the largest gains and losses in employment numbers between 2002 & 2013:

Office & Administrative

(+2,457)

Sales & Related(+1,939)

Transportation & Material Moving

(+1,738)

Construction(-27)

Farming, Fishing, & Forestry

(-22)

Employment Increase

Employment Decrease

25

Income and poverty

2000 2006 2013

Total Population in Poverty 5.3% 6.0% 7.3%

Minors (up to age 17) in Poverty 6.5% 7.1% 8.7%

Real Median Income (2013) $71,543 $72,653 $68,047

The median income in Boone County dipped by $3,500 between 2000 and 2013 in real dollars (that is, adjusted for inflation).

Both the total population in poverty and the number of minors in poverty increased by approximately two percentage points over the 2000 to 2013 period.

Economy

Source: U.S. Census Bureau – Small Area Income and Poverty Estimates (SAIPE)

section 03

26

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

63,000

66,000

69,000

72,000

75,000

78,000

81,000

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

Real M

edia

n Inco

me in

2013 (

dol-

lars

)

Popula

tion in

Pove

rty

(perc

ent)

Median In-come

Minors in Poverty

All Ages in Poverty

Income and povertyMedian income in Boone County has experienced significant fluctuation over time, decreasing dramatically after 2008. Poverty rates for adults and minors have decreased over the past three years, although the rates are slightly higher than in the early 2000s.

Economy

Source: U.S. Census Bureau – Small Area Income and Poverty Estimates (SAIPE)

section 03

27

Takeaways

Growth of establishments in Boone County occurred in businesses with fewer than 10 employees (the self-employed and Stage 1 enterprises), components of the local economy that are often overlooked by local leaders. At the same time, impressive growth took place among Stage 3 establishments.

Boone County should continue to pursue its balanced economic development efforts – strategies that attend to the needs of high-growth Stage 1, 2 and 3 establishments, as well as the self-employed. Real median income has gradually declined and poverty has gradually increased in Boone County since 2000. This may be attributed to the salaries & wages associated

with industries/businesses and occupations that have experienced the largest job gains in the county. Of the four largest job-growth industries, only one had average annual earnings of over $40,000 in 2013. The three highest job-growth occupations all earned around $15/hour.

The fluctuations in real median income between 2008 and 2013 may be attributed to employment changes in high-paying industries or occupations with small numbers of jobs, such as utilities, healthcare, or legal.

Promoting job growth for occupations requiring educated workers could help retain adults with higher educational attainment and help increase median income.

Economy

section 03

Labor force and unemployment

Commuteshed

Laborshed

Takeaways

04labor

market

29

Labor force and unemployment

2002 2013

Labor Force 25,441 29,460

Unemployment Rate 3.8% 6.1%

The labor force in Boone County increased by 15.8 percent between 2002 and 2013.

It is likely that some of the new entrants to the labor force were not able to find jobs, leading to the concurrent increase in the labor force and unemployment rate.

Labor market

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics – Local Area Unemployment Statistics

section 04

30

20002001

20022003

20042005

20062007

20082009

20102011

20122013

0

2

4

6

8

10

2.0%

4.1%

3.5%

7.8%

6.1%

Unem

plo

yment

Rate

(perc

ent)

Unemployment rateUnemployment increased dramatically after 2007, peaking at 7.8% in 2009. Since that time, the rate has been on a slow but steady decline, dipping to 6.1% by 2013.

Labor market

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics – Local Area Unemployment Statistics

section 04

31

Commuteshed

A county’s commuteshed is the geographic area to which its labor force travels to work.

Seventy-nine percent of employed residents in Boone County commute to jobs located outside of the county. Marion County is the biggest destination for residents who work outside of Boone County.

Fifty-two percent of out-commuters work in counties adjacent to Boone County; however, the fourth largest work destination outside Boone County is the Fort Wayne metropolitan area (Allen County), and fifth largest is the Lafayette metropolitan area (Tippecanoe County).

Labor market

Source: U.S. Census Bureau – Longitudinal Employer-Household Dynamics (LEHD)

section 04

24,511

Out-Commuters

6,707

Same Work/Home

Commuters Proportion

Marion, IN 11,539 37.0%

Hamilton, IN 3,237 10.4%

Hendricks, IN 1,070 3.4%

Allen, IN 919 2.9%

Tippecanoe, IN

476 1.5%

32

Commuteshed in 2011Labor market

section 04

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, OTM, LEHD, PCRD

Seventy percent of Boone County’s working residents are employed either in Boone, Hamilton or Marion Counties. Another five percent commute to Allen County or Hendricks County. An additional five percent travel to jobs in Cook County, Illinois, or Lake County, St. Joseph County, or Tippecanoe County in Indiana.

Collectively, these nine counties represent 80 percent of the commuteshed for Boone County.

33

Laborshed

Commuters Proportion

Marion, IN 4,272 19.5%

Hamilton, IN 1,975 9.0%

Hendricks, IN 1,329 6.1%

Clinton, IN 914 4.2%

Howard, IN 665 3.0%

Labor market

Source: U.S. Census Bureau – Longitudinal Employer-Household Dynamics (LEHD)

section 04

15,257

In-Commuters

6,707

Same Work/Home

A county’s laborshed is the geographic area from which it draws employees.

Seventy percent of individuals employed in Boone County commute from another county for work.

Forty-one percent of in-commuters reside in counties adjacent to Boone County. Marion County and Hamilton County are the biggest sources of workers outside of Boone County.

34

Laborshed in 2011Labor market

section 04

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, OTM, LEHD, PCRD

The bulk (70 percent) of Boone County’s workforce is drawn

from Boone, Clinton, Hamilton, Hendricks, and Marion

Counties. Another five percent is drawn from Johnson,

Montgomery, or Morgan Counties. An additional five

percent is drawn from Howard and Tippecanoe Counties.

Combined, the ten counties represent 80 percent of Boone

County’s laborshed.

35

Takeaways

Boone County’s unemployment rate has increased since 2002. The majority of this increase occurred during the period of the Great Recession (approximately 2008–10). The rate has since been declining.

Much like its population, the county’s labor force has expanded since 2002. However, the increased unemployment rate indicates that some of the new entrants to the labor force may be experiencing difficulties finding a job.

Employees who work but do not live in Boone County tend to commute from surrounding counties. Those who commute out of the county for work often travel to other metropolitan areas.

Boone County should assess if a major workforce development training effort would help address the needs of a growing number of working age adults who may be struggling to find jobs. Furthermore, determining the human capital attributes of workers who commute to jobs outside the county might be insightful. It may provide the information needed to determine how best to reduce the leakage of educated and skilled workers to surrounding counties, especially to the Indianapolis.

The laborshed and commuteshed data offer solid evidence of the value of pursuing economic and workforce development on a regional (multi-county) basis.

Labor market

section 04

36

Report ContributorsThis report was prepared by the Purdue Center for Regional Development in partnership with Purdue University Extension.

section 04

Data AnalysisIndraneel Kumar, PhDAyoung Kim

Report AuthorsElizabeth DobisBo Beaulieu, PhD

Report DesignTyler Wright

FOR MORE INFORMATION

Purdue Center for Regional Development (PCRD) . . .seeks to pioneer new ideas and strategies that contribute to regional collaboration, innovation and prosperity.

Purdue Extension Community Development (CD) . . . works to strengthen the capacity of local leaders, residents and organizations to work together to develop and sustain strong, vibrant communities.

Please contact

Curt EmanuelBoone County Extension [email protected]

OR

PCRDMann Hall, Suite 266Purdue University

[email protected]