literature

Lines-Browning, M K et ai. 'An expert system that performs a satellite stationkeeping manoeuver' Telematics & Informatics Vol 4 No 4 (1987) pp 289-300

The development and capabilities of a prototype expert system that provides real-time spacecraft system analysis and command generation are described. Expert System for Satellite Orbit Control (ESSOC) can perform the stationkeeping manoeuver for a geostationary satellite.

Snyder, C 'From research to reality: the leading edge of expert systems' Insur. Softw. Rev. Vol 12 No 3 (1987) pp 22-24

Expert systems for financial service institutions go a long way towards reducing both time and trouble inherent in offering personal finan- cial planning. Various systems are described, along with the develop- ment of a large expert system for underwriting workers' compensation insurance in the property and casualty arena.

Knowledge engineering Kaiser, G E et al. 'Database support for knowledge- based engineering environments' AI Magazine Vol 3 No 2 (Summer 1988) pp 18-32

Engineer interactions with com- puterized tools still involve many menial chores that could be auto- mated using today's AI technology. This paper presents the implemen- tation of Marvel, an architecture for controlled automation of menial activities, concentrating on database facilities supporting the desired automation.

Saffiotti, A 'An AI view of the treatment of uncertainty' Know. Eng. Rev. Vol 2 No 2 (June 1987( pp 75-97

Reviews many of the varied concepts of uncertainty used in AI. Discussion

of technicalities is accompanied by a historical and philosophical excur- sion on the nature and use of uncer- tainty, and by a brief discussion of the problem of choosing an adequate AI approach to the treatment of uncertainty.

Vaughan, R 'Expert systems come out of their shells' Syst. Int. Vol 16 No 3 (March 1988) pp 35-40

A brief overview of the current state of the art of knowledge-based systems and details of developments which point the way ahead. Dis- cusses the Intelligent Systems Manager project as a possible way forward.

Languages Anon 'The craft of plain English' Expert Syst. User Vol 3 No 11 (1988) pp 18-19

Natural language interfaces seem to be lagging behind other development in expert systems but progress is being made. A report from the US on a prototype system which reduces manual operation in a categorization and data extraction system.

Bard, Y 'Rule-based inferencing functions for APL applications' IEEE Expert Vol 3 No 1 (Spring 1988) pp 42-52

Describes how a library of inferenc- ing routines can be added to applica- tions written in procedural languages like APL. Examines system structure, rules, the inference engine and gives examples of appli- cations.

Kingston, J 'An overview of knowledge craft: Part 2: more features of CRL' airing No 4 (February 1988) pp 9-12

The second of a series of articles reviewing features of knowledge craft. Concentrates on utilities that allow users to alter the behaviour of Carnegie Representation Lang- uage (CRL). Part 1 described the basics of CRL, and covered some

of the programming utilities provided by the language (in airing No 3).

Software development

Kuli, D 'AI tackles the backlog' Comput. Commun. Decis. Vol 19 No 12 (September 1987)pp 77-78, 80-81

As expert systems migrate from specialized to general-purpose hardware, developments are using software development tools incor- porating expert systems to build more conventional, as opposed to advanced, systems.

Strategy Anon 'Trends in artificial intelligence' I/S Analyzer Vol 26 (February 1988)

AI extends and enhances conven- tional information systems. This paper concentrates on expert systems and natural language pro- cessing systems as areas of AI that are likely to become integral parts of information systems.

Schwartz, T 'Estimating manpower requirements for expert system projects' A1 Magazine Vol 3 No 2 (Summer 1988) pp 12-14

Organizing the time and resources needed for a successful project is difficult because of the variables involved. An evolutionary method is presented to solve this problem that allows the estimation structure to increase as problem complexity increases.

Szuprowiez, B 'It's a blue day' Expert Syst. User Vol 3 No 11 (1988) pp 7

According to US analysts, IBM is serious about expert systems despite the poor performance of Expert System Environment (ESE) in the UK. A discussion of issues involved.

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