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WWee
HHaattee
OOuu
rr HH
aaiirr
-- FF
aacctt
oorr
FFiicc
ttiioonn
??
CCaann
oouu
rr yyoo
uunn
gg mm
eennllee
aadd??
£3.00
Win
ter I
ssue
CONT
ENTS
EDIT
OR’S
NOTE
ARE W
E ASH
AMED
OF O
UR H
AIR?
CREA
TIVE
INDU
STRI
ES S
EMIN
AR(+
intr
oduc
tion
to Ca
n Yo
ung
Men
Lead
?)
CAN
WE F
INE L
OVE I
NNA
DANC
E?(fi
nal e
piso
de)
COMM
UNICA
TION
(Are
You
Effe
ctiv
e?)
RELA
TION
SHIP
S W
ho n
eeds
them
?
RED
SNAP
PER
MARA
VAL
(a re
cipe
)
LETT
ERS
TO T
HE E
DITO
R,
“DID
YOU
KNO
W...?
”
THE B
IBLE
IS
IT R
ELEV
ANT
TODA
Y?
TECH
NICA
L COM
PETE
NCE
(vs B
road
-Bas
ed K
nowl
edge
)
AA llee
tttteerr
ttoo
tthhee EE
ddiittoo
rr
ISSN
:175
1 -1
909
Pri
nted
by
prin
ting
.com
Lut
on B
edfo
rdhs
ire
Dea
r E
dito
r,T
here
is n
o de
nyin
g th
e H
olly
woo
d-T
roja
n-H
orse
eff
ects
on
per-
sons
who
lov
e to
fee
d on
the
con
tent
s flo
win
g th
roug
h th
epi
pelin
es o
fth
e m
edia
.The
re is
als
o no
den
ying
the
des
truc
tive
beha
viou
r,th
ough
t pa
tter
ns a
nd li
fest
yles
whi
ch e
xist
ed b
efor
em
edia
influ
ence
bec
ame
sign
ifica
nt.
In a
ddit
ion,
ther
e is
no
deny
ing
the
valid
ity
ofth
e do
ctri
ne o
fpe
rson
al r
espo
nsib
ility
and
viol
ater
s of
law
s an
d no
rms
cann
ot fo
reve
r bl
ame
tele
visi
onor
ne
wsp
aper
s or
m
ovie
s fo
r th
eir
dest
ruct
ive
beha
viou
rs.
Child
ren
may
be
excu
sed
for
bein
g su
bjec
ted
to t
he in
fluen
ce o
fSe
sam
e St
reet
but
adu
lts
have
no
scap
egoa
ts.T
hey
are
100
per-
cent
res
pons
ible
for
thei
r ac
tion
s an
d sh
ould
be.
Any
one
per
son
ther
efor
e,w
ho d
esir
es t
o im
prov
e th
e liv
es o
fco
mm
unit
ies
whi
ch a
re b
eing
kep
t be
hind
,do
es t
heir
vis
ion
adi
s-se
rvic
e by
poi
ntin
g fin
gers
at
Hol
lyw
ood
and
the
BB
C so
le-
ly a
nd n
ot t
ellin
g ea
ch p
erso
n th
at t
heir
par
ents
and
the
ir o
wn
effo
rts
are
larg
ely
resp
onsi
ble
for
thei
r pr
ogre
ss,
or l
ack
of,
inlif
e.O
nly
wea
k-m
inde
d ig
nora
nt p
erso
ns w
ho a
re i
n lo
ve w
ith
thei
r sl
ave
min
dset
s ar
e co
ntro
lled
by t
he m
edia
.Onc
e th
e ig
no-
rant
bec
omes
kno
wle
dgea
ble
ofth
e po
wer
and
rol
e of
the
med
ia,t
hey
have
all
the
pow
er t
hey
need
to
brea
k th
eir
addi
c-ti
on.T
hose
tha
t lo
ve t
heir
add
icti
on t
houg
h,w
ill n
ever
bre
ak it
.Jo
hn A
ntho
ny,T
roja
n H
orse
,USA
LLeetttt
eerrss tt
oo tthh
ee EEddii
ttoorr
Hello
,
I read
abou
t you
r inn
ovati
ve m
agazine
on
the Ja
maica
ns.co
m we
bsite
.I a
m a
Jamaic
anliving
in Flor
ida and
iden
tify with
your b
urde
n for
the bla
cks t
o be
represe
nted
in a po
s-itiv
e lig
ht.I h
ave
written
a p
oem
to giv
e express
ion to
that
burden
and
am
wond
ering
if you
prese
ntly
accept
artic
les to
plac
e in
your m
agazine
.Th
e po
em is
enti
tled
"Blac
kMa
n Arise
" an
d can
be view
ed fo
r you
r con
sidera
tion
on th
e Jam
aican
s.com
web
site un
der
its p
oem
page.
The
poem
is b
asically a
n ap
peal
for b
lack
men
to ari
se int
o the
ir tru
eide
ntity.
I wrote
it be
cause
I observ
ed th
e bla
ck m
en in
our n
eighb
ourhoo
d an
d some
-ho
w fel
t a
lamen
t in
my sho
uld fo
r the
ir de
stinie
s.Ev
en tho
ugh
you
are in
the
U.K.
Ibe
lieve it
's a un
iversa
l proble
m.I d
o ha
ve a so
n wh
o's 1
4 years
old
and I t
ry to
encour-
age
him n
ot to
be o
ne w
ho fu
lfills
the n
egati
ve ster
eotyp
e of
the b
lack
boy/ma
n in
awh
ite cult
ure.
BBLL
AACC
KK MM
AANN
…… AA
RRIISS
EE!!!!
O blac
k man
… my
broth
er Ar
ise!!!
You a
re no
t who
men
say y
ou ar
eYo
u are
who Y
our C
reator
says
you a
reOn
e fea
rfully
and w
onde
rfully
mad
e No
my b
rothe
r do n
ot be
bent
over
any l
onge
r by t
he op
press
ive li
esGe
t up!
Stand
Up! L
ift yo
ur he
ad; s
tand p
roud
! Stan
d tall
!In
the re
galit
y and
maje
sty of
your
race
, tha
t’s yo
ur in
herit
ance
You a
re of
roya
l line
age;
wear
your
blac
kness
with
hono
r and
pride
Like a
garla
nd gr
acing
your
neck
Rep
lacing
your
chain
s of b
onda
ge.
O blac
k man
my b
rothe
r, wh
y won
’t yo
u aris
e Into
your
true
iden
tity?
Aren
’t yo
u the
warr
ior w
ho kn
ows h
ow to
overc
ome?
Adve
rsity
is no
t a w
hip th
at br
eaks
you
But t
he st
eppin
g ston
e into
your
grea
tness.
You a
re no
t mad
e to C
arry t
he lo
ad of
slave
ry im
posed
upon
you
Cast
it off
and a
rise!
My br
other,
do no
t lim
it yo
ursel
f. No
, do n
ot be
confi
ned…
Do
not p
erfor
m to
men’s
expe
ctatio
n of y
our f
ailur
e.Ris
e up a
nd sh
ow th
em w
ho yo
u rea
lly ar
e -
O blac
k man
… my
broth
er O g
loriou
s one
You m
ust f
ully a
rise
From
slave
ry to
freed
om -
But i
t mus
t beg
in in
your
mind
O Blac
k man
… my
broth
er Do
n’t yo
u kno
wCre
ation
await
s you
r aris
ing? Y
ou m
ust n
ow AR
ISE!! by
Kar
en M
cFar
lane
,Flo
rida
Myr
na L
oyFo
unde
r &
Chi
efE
dito
r
BL
ACK
BR
IGH
T N
EW
SSt
udio
57
Say
wel
l L
U2
0QG
Tel:
0158
2 72
1 60
5bl
ackb
righ
tnew
s@ao
l.com
ww
w.b
lack
brig
htne
ws.
com
£3.5
0 ea
ch in
cl.p
.p.
(or
£10
subs
crip
tion
incl
.p.p
)
“Why
do
you
look
at
the
spec
k of
saw
dust
in y
our
brot
her’s
eye
and
pay
no a
tten
tion
to t
he p
lank
in y
our
own
eye?
” I
took
tha
tpa
ssag
e to
mea
n:W
hy fi
nd fa
ult
in t
he b
ehav
iour
of o
ther
s,w
hen
in m
y im
med
iate
fam
ily t
here
cou
ld b
e is
sues
tha
t ne
eded
res
olv-
ing?
I f
ound
tha
t ve
rse
in M
atth
ew in
the
New
Tes
tam
ent
of t
heK
ing
Jam
es V
ersi
on o
f th
e Bi
ble.
My
daug
hter
s d
o w
hat
wom
enth
eir
age
do –
the
y w
ork,
look
afte
r th
eir
kid(
s),
shop
,w
atch
TV
/DV
Ds,
go o
ut a
nd o
ccas
iona
lly t
ake
an a
nnua
l va
catio
n,bu
tth
ere
was
som
ethi
ng a
bout
thi
s re
petit
ive
and
rout
ine
exis
tenc
eth
at b
othe
red
me!
H
ow c
ould
I te
ll m
y ad
ult c
hild
ren
to g
et a
way
from
the
TV
scr
een,
find
out
wha
t th
eir
inna
te t
alen
ts w
ere
and
expl
oit t
hem
,whe
n th
ey w
ere
no lo
nger
und
er m
y ju
risd
ictio
n an
das
far
as
they
wer
e co
ncer
ned,
they
had
eno
ugh
on t
heir
pla
tes
alre
ady?
Bes
ides
,If
thei
r re
spec
tive
part
ners
did
n’t
min
d th
emre
war
ding
the
mse
lves
(af
ter
a lo
ng d
ay)
with
vid
eos
and
DV
Ds
nigh
t af
ter
nigh
t,w
ho w
as I
to s
ay t
hat
they
wer
e ca
pabl
e of
muc
hm
ore?
Bu
t I k
new
the
y w
ere!
I w
onde
red
wha
t it
wou
ld t
ake
tom
otiv
ate
them
to
disc
over
the
mse
lves
,and
tho
ught
of a
mag
azin
e.D
ionn
e,on
e of
my
daug
hter
s,ha
d de
cide
d to
tre
at m
e fo
r di
nner
to c
eleb
rate
her
tee
nage
dau
ghte
r’s g
ood
grad
es a
t sc
hool
and
Ius
ed t
his
oppo
rtun
ity t
o ta
lk a
bout
my
idea
to
star
t a
mag
azin
eth
at w
ould
mot
ivat
e pe
ople
,bel
ievi
ng t
hat
just
the
ide
a w
ould
mot
ivat
e he
r.I a
sked
her
if s
he w
ould
pro
of-r
ead
wha
t I h
ad w
rit-
ten
so fa
r,bu
t sh
e to
ld m
e sh
e di
dn’t
like
read
ing.
I tol
d he
r th
at I
had
seen
her
with
mag
azin
es,b
ut s
he s
aid
she
boug
ht th
em fo
r th
epi
ctur
es.
My
daug
hter
was
like
man
y yo
ung
peop
le t
oday
– v
isua
lle
arne
rs.
She
lear
ns f
rom
im
ages
,hen
ce t
he a
ddic
tion
to T
V &
DV
Ds.
Afte
r so
me
prob
ing,
she
adm
itted
to r
eadi
ng s
ome
of th
ear
ticle
s,bu
t th
ey h
ad t
o be
‘int
eres
ting’
.I t
ook
this
to
mea
n,th
atsh
e ha
d to
be
able
to b
enef
it fr
om w
hat s
he w
as r
eadi
ng.
Any
way
,to
cut
a lo
ng s
tory
sho
rt,a
fter
telli
ng m
e sh
e di
dn’t
like
read
ing,
only
like
d th
e pi
ctur
es,c
ould
n’t
wri
te a
nd o
bvio
usly
did
n’t
wan
t to
help
me
with
the
mag
azin
e,w
e ch
ange
d th
e su
bjec
t an
d st
arte
dta
lkin
g ab
out r
elat
ions
hips
and
how
diff
icul
t it w
as to
mai
ntai
n on
e.“H
ey,m
aybe
we
coul
d w
rite
som
ethi
ng a
bout
rel
atio
nshi
ps in
the
mag
azin
e” D
ionn
e ch
irpe
d up
.“W
e?”
I won
dere
d pe
rple
xed.
“Yeh
,an
d m
aybe
you
cou
ld u
se m
y ph
otog
raph
for
the
mag
azin
e” s
heco
ntin
ued.
“Hm
mm
m!”
It
look
ed l
ike
Dio
nne
was
mot
ivat
ed b
yth
e th
ough
t of
rec
ogni
tion
and
invo
lvem
ent
in s
omet
hing
of p
er-
sona
l int
eres
t.I a
gree
d th
at a
rel
atio
nshi
p ar
ticle
wou
ld b
e a
good
star
t,af
ter
all,
ever
yone
was
in s
ome
kind
of r
elat
ions
hip
or o
ther
whe
ther
it
be p
rofe
ssio
nal,
soci
al o
r fa
mily
-ori
ente
d.“Y
eh,a
ndm
aybe
we
coul
d ha
ve a
foru
m a
bout
rel
atio
nshi
ps –
I am
sur
e lo
tsof
peo
ple
wou
ld b
e in
tere
sted
!” s
he c
ontin
ued
enth
usia
stic
ally,
not
wai
ting
for
a re
spon
se.
Was
thi
s th
e sa
me
Dio
nne
who
was
n’t
inte
rest
ed f
ive
min
utes
ago
? I
not
iced
my
daug
hter
’s ey
es w
iden
with
exc
item
ent.
“I d
on’t
min
d w
ritin
g ab
out
rela
tions
hips
” sh
esa
id.
“But
you
just
sai
d yo
u co
uldn
’t w
rite
”,I t
ease
d.Sh
e to
ld m
esh
e w
ould
gi
ve it
a t
ry a
nd s
he d
id.
The
nex
t da
y,an
alm
ost
per-
fect
art
icle
was
tra
nsm
itted
to
me
by e
mai
l and
I fe
lt so
pro
ud o
fhe
r,be
caus
e sh
e ha
d th
e ta
lent
I ha
d su
spec
ted.
So n
ow D
ionn
ew
rite
s fo
r Bl
ackb
righ
t New
s un
der
the
pseu
dony
m:‘
Blac
k C
itize
n’.
Now
,I c
ould
pro
gres
s.T
he ‘p
lank
’ fro
m m
y ey
e ha
d be
en r
emov
ed,
I cou
ld n
ow w
ork
on t
he ‘s
awdu
st’ i
n m
y ‘b
roth
er’s
eye’
,and
tha
t,in
ess
ence
,is
how
Bla
ckbr
ight
tra
nsfo
rmed
fro
m b
eing
an
idea
Iw
oke
up w
ith o
n N
ew y
ears
Eve
200
6,to
the
Aw
ard-
Win
ning
ent
i-ty
it is
tod
a.y.
The
res
t is
his
tory
!
The
Edi
tor
Man
y pe
ople
thi
nk t
hey
know
wha
t bl
ack
peop
le a
re l
ike
and
Blac
kbri
ght
New
s ai
ms
to h
elp
corr
ect
any
mis
conc
eptio
ns t
hey
mig
ht h
ave.
Blac
kbri
ght
New
s w
ill e
nlig
hten
and
em
pow
er i
tsre
ader
s.Bl
ackb
righ
t N
ews
is o
peni
ng th
e ga
tew
ay fo
r yo
ung
Blac
k&
Min
ority
Eth
nics
(BM
Es) s
o th
at th
ey a
re a
war
e of
situ
atio
ns th
atca
n ad
vers
ely
affe
ct t
hem
,and
hav
e ac
cess
to
info
rmat
ion
that
can
bene
fit t
hem
.T
his
trai
ning
too
l is
not
just
for
bla
ck p
eopl
e it
isab
out
them
- a
nd a
way
to
lear
n ab
out
an a
ltern
ativ
e cu
lture
!
Look
wh
o h
elped
wit
h t
he
Dec
ember
iss
ue!
DDiioo
nnnn
ee IInn
nneerr
aarrii
ttyy
((aakk
aa ““
BBllaa
cckk CC
iittiizz
eenn””))
&& WW
oorrkk
sshhoopp FF
aaccii
lliittaa
ttoorr
DDiioo
nnnn
ee JJuullee
ss((PP
RR CC
oonn
ssuulltt
aann
tt))
‘‘GGuuppttaa
’’GG
rraapphh
iicc DD
eessiigg
nneerr
((FFrroo
nntt
CCoovvee
rr))
JJeerr
mmaaiinn
ee BB
aallff
oouurr
GGrraa
pphh
iicc DD
eessiigg
nneerr
LLeeii
lljjaa RR
eessiicc
((WWeebb
DDeess
iiggnn
eerr))
BBiiaa
nnccaa
EEddww
aarrdd
ss((JJ
oouurrnn
aallii
sstt))
YYvvoo
nnnn
ee HH
eeccttoo
rr((PP
hhoottoo
ggrraapphh
eerr))
......BB
RRIITT
AAIINN
MMAA
YY AA
PPOO
LLOO
GGIISS
EE
----
----
----
----
----
----
----
----
----
----
----
----
----
----
----
----
--“T
he G
over
nmen
t m
ay s
ay s
orry
for
Bri
tain
's ro
le i
nth
e sl
ave
trad
e w
hen
the
coun
try
mar
ks t
he 2
00th
anni
vers
ary
next
yea
r of
the
legi
slat
ion
that
led
to it
sab
oliti
on.
An
advi
sory
com
mitt
ee,c
haire
d by
Joh
n Pr
esco
tt,t
heD
eput
y Pr
ime
Min
iste
r,w
hich
is
over
seei
ng p
repa
ra-
tions
for
the
Bic
ente
nnar
y,is
con
side
ring
iss
uing
"a
stat
emen
t of
reg
ret"
on
25 M
arch
200
7,th
e da
te t
hat
the
Slav
e Tr
ade
Act
was
pas
sed
by P
arlia
men
t,w
rote
Phill
ip Jo
hnst
one,
Hom
e A
ffair
s O
ffice
r.- A
lthou
gh s
uch
a de
clar
atio
n is
sai
d in
Whi
teha
ll to
fall
shor
t of
the
for
mal
apo
logy
dem
ande
d by
som
e ca
m-
paig
ners
,it
wou
ld n
ever
thel
ess
be s
een
as o
ne”.
Sho
uld
the
UK
Gov
ernm
ent a
polo
gise
for B
ritai
n's
role
in th
esl
ave
trade
? T
hat i
s th
e qu
estio
n th
at h
as b
een
aske
d an
dis
w
hat
has
prec
ipita
ted
the
Bic
ente
nnia
l C
eleb
ratio
nssc
hedu
led
for M
arch
200
7, to
mar
k 20
0 ye
ars
sinc
e th
e ab
o-lit
ion
of s
lave
ry.
Ther
e ar
e so
me
grou
ps w
ho f
eel s
trong
ly t
hat
the
gove
rn-
men
ts o
f th
ose
coun
tries
tha
t w
ere
invo
lved
in t
he A
frica
nsl
ave
trade
sho
uld
not o
nly
apol
ogis
e bu
t pay
com
pens
atio
n,w
hile
ther
e ar
e ot
hers
who
, alth
ough
acc
ept t
hat s
lave
ry w
asba
rbar
ic, s
ee li
ttle
or n
o po
int i
n th
e U
K g
over
nmen
t apo
lo-
gisi
ng fo
r act
ions
whi
ch o
ccur
red
over
200
yea
rs a
go!
Mos
t of
us
know
tha
t ab
out
ove
r a
mill
ion
Wes
t A
frica
nsl
aves
wer
e tra
nspo
rted
from
the
UK
to
Am
eric
a an
d th
eC
arib
bean
, an
d th
e pe
rpet
rato
rs t
hriv
ed f
rom
pro
fits
and
som
e in
stitu
tions
th
at b
enef
ited
from
the
sla
ve t
rade
hav
eal
read
y ap
olog
ised
for t
heir
pred
eces
sor’s
invo
lvem
ent
With
rega
rd to
the
antic
pate
d “s
tate
men
t of r
egre
t” fro
m J
ohn
Pre
scot
t, w
e ne
ed to
real
ise
that
the
apol
ogy
will
be
sym
bol-
ic o
nly.
We
cann
ot tu
rn b
ack
the
hand
s of
tim
e bu
t an
apol
-og
y w
ill s
tart
the
heal
ing
proc
ess.
Ack
now
ledg
ing
a m
isde
-m
eano
ur is
the
star
t of a
hea
ling
proc
ess.
The
gov
ernm
ent
are
boun
d to
hav
e re
serv
atio
ns a
bout
ack
now
ledg
ing
thei
rin
volv
emen
t be
caus
e as
far a
s th
ey a
re c
once
rned
, it c
ould
have
far-
reac
hing
fina
ncia
l im
plic
atio
ns.
How
ever
, the
apo
l-og
y w
ould
cre
ate
awar
enes
s in
the
wid
er c
omm
unity
, and
will
sim
ulta
neou
sly
empo
wer
our
you
ng.
A
hear
t fel
t apo
logy
will
ope
n th
e do
or fo
r hea
ling"
. Th
e ap
ol-
ogy
is a
bout
rest
orat
ion
and
forg
iven
ess.
All
blac
ks a
re re
m-
nant
s of
the
slav
e tra
de s
yste
m, a
nd a
s a
resu
lt, m
any
of u
sha
ve a
pro
blem
with
our
ide
ntity
. M
any
of u
s ar
e bo
rn i
n
DD II DD YY OO UU KK NN OO WW
Brit
ain
and
yet B
ritai
n re
sist
s cl
aim
ing
us a
s th
eir o
wn.
The
isla
nds
and
coun
tries
of
our
pare
nts
cann
ot c
laim
us
- s
ow
here
is o
ur h
ome?
The
sla
ve tr
ade
has
take
n ou
r birt
hrig
htan
d p
lace
d m
any
of u
s in
a ‘s
trang
e la
nd’le
avin
g m
any
of u
sto
gra
pple
with
our
sen
se o
f sel
f.
The
follo
win
g po
em e
pit-
omiz
es th
is:
SSPPAACC
EE &&
IIDDEENN
TTIITTYY
My spa
ce.
My id
entity
Creati
ng spa
ce fo
r my
iden
tity..
But wh
at is
my id
entity
withi
n thi
s space?
My p
arents
are
Jamaic
an,
They m
igrate
d to
Great Brita
in,An
d ad
opted
a cult
ure
Whic
h wa
s no
t the
ir ow
n.Th
en I
was bo
rn in
Britain
And
had
a Britis
h ed
ucati
on,
but the
n ma
rried
a Ja
maica
nan
d me
rged
two
cultu
res in
to on
e.I l
earned
the
Jama
ican
custo
mI c
ook
Rice
'n' p
eas an
d chick
en,
A Britis
h-bo
rn Ja
maica
nTh
at is
what
I am!
But in
Jamaic
a the
y call
me 'f
oreig
n'An
d an
immi
grant
in Brita
inSo p
ray tell m
e some
thing
Whe
re do
I be
long?
I have
been
ackno
wled
ging
an a
ncest
ryWhic
h rea
lly d
oesn't
belon
g to
me,
Because
Brita
in is
where
I wa
s bo
rnAn
d the
refore
shou
ld be
my
home
.
It is
hop
ed th
at a
n ap
olog
y w
ill in
spire
man
y of
us
to li
ft ou
r-se
lves
up.
W
e ne
ed to
acc
ept t
he p
ast;
it's
over
and
don
ew
ith a
nd w
e ca
n't c
hang
e it,
but
we
can
chan
ge th
e fu
ture
,an
d th
at is
wha
t we
are
abou
t to
do!
Rob
ert L
ee o
f DA
-iPsa
ys:
“Tho
ugh
this
is
a un
ique
opp
ortu
nity
in
look
ing
back
and
reas
sess
ing
whe
re w
e ha
ve c
ome
from
ove
r a 2
00 y
ear p
eri-
od, 2
007
mar
ks n
ot o
nly
the
bice
nten
ary
of th
e ab
oliti
on o
fth
e A
tlant
ic s
lave
trad
e bu
t is
also
150
th a
nniv
ersa
ry o
f the
Sep
oy m
utin
y; 6
0th
anni
vers
ary
of th
e cr
eatio
n of
Pak
ista
nan
d th
e 20
th A
nniv
ersa
ry o
f Bla
ck H
isto
ry M
onth
in th
e U
K.
We
wel
com
e an
y co
mm
ents
from
our
read
ers,
rega
rdin
g th
e ap
olo-
gy fo
r sla
very
. P
leas
e w
rite
to u
s at
bla
ckbr
ight
new
s@ao
l.com
.PPaa
iinnttiinngg
bbyy
MMyyrrnnaa
LLooyy
AR
E W
E A
SH
AM
ED
OF
OU
R H
AIR
?(P
hoto
s by
Yvon
ne H
ecto
r, Mo
del:
Dee
Nyom
i, Ma
ke u
p by
Ser
ena
Foste
r).
Artic
le b
y Bl
ack
Citize
n
The
myt
h is
bla
ck w
omen
wea
r w
eave
s,w
igs
or e
xten
-si
ons
beca
use
they
are
unh
appy
or
asha
med
of
thei
rha
ir;b
ecau
se t
heir
hai
r is
rea
lly s
hort
and
‘nap
py’
orbe
caus
e bl
ack
wom
en a
re t
ryin
g to
be
Euro
pean
- b
utw
hat
is t
he r
eal d
eal?
The
rea
l dea
l is
that
som
e bl
ack
wom
en’s
natu
ral h
air
is s
o th
ick
som
etim
es,t
hat g
ettin
ga
com
b th
roug
h it
is v
irtu
ally
im
poss
ible
! C
onve
rsel
y,so
me
blac
k w
omen
’s ha
ir is
so
thin
,you
can
see
the
irsc
alp.
Oth
ers
hair
is s
o lo
ng it
get
s in
the
way
and
som
eso
sho
rt t
hey
cann
ot d
o an
ythi
ng w
ith it
.Too
cur
ly,to
ost
raig
ht,t
oo lo
ng,t
oo s
hort
,too
thi
ck,t
oo t
hin
and
the
list
goes
on.
I kn
ow it
may
see
m u
ngra
tefu
l,or
eve
n a
tad
fuss
y bu
t le
t’s b
e ho
nest
her
e,it
is a
wom
en’s
per-
ogat
ive
to c
hang
e he
r m
ind,
so w
hy n
ot c
hang
e he
r ha
irto
sui
t her
war
drob
e? P
ut jo
king
asi
de,t
here
are
man
y-ch
alle
nges
in th
e m
aint
enan
ce o
f bla
ck h
air,
and
to m
en-
tion
a fe
w:T
he R
elax
eris
a c
hem
ical
that
can
thin
and
stra
ight
en t
he h
air,
how
ever
it
does
not
alw
ays
agre
ew
ith e
very
one
and
can
som
etim
es b
urn
the
scal
p.C
urly
per
m(m
akin
g a
com
ebac
k) is
a c
hem
ical
tha
tcu
rls
the
hair,
but
agai
n it
does
not
alw
ays
agre
e w
ithev
eryo
ne a
nd c
an a
lso
burn
the
sca
lp.
Cor
nrow
s/P
lait
s/ D
read
sno
che
mic
als
invo
lved
but
stil
l req
uire
sm
aint
enan
ce a
nd c
an b
e a
shor
t te
rm r
emed
y de
pend
-in
g on
hai
r ty
pe.
Thi
ckha
ir t
akes
long
er t
o do
and
can
be v
ery
time-
cons
umin
g.Ju
st a
cou
-pl
e of
the
way
s yo
u ca
nm
anag
e na
tura
l hai
r,bu
tw
ho h
as a
ll th
at ti
me
tosp
end
on
thei
r ha
irth
ese
days
? Fu
rthe
rmor
e m
ost
wom
en c
an’t
affo
rd t
o ha
ve t
heir
hai
r do
ne r
egul
arly.
So t
here
is a
qui
ck fi
x -
a w
eave
,ext
ensi
ons
or a
wig
.In
stan
tly,t
hey
mak
es y
ou lo
ok g
ood
and
feel
goo
d w
hen
done
pro
perl
y.It
is lo
w m
aint
enan
ce,c
an g
o in
pra
cti-
cally
any
hai
r st
yle,
colo
ur a
nd w
hils
t in,
can
prot
ect a
ndm
ake
your
nat
ural
hai
r gr
ow.N
ow y
ou t
ell m
e w
hich
optio
n,as
a
mill
enni
um w
oman
wou
ld y
ou c
hoos
e?I
don’
t th
ink
som
e pe
ople
rea
lise
the
effo
rt t
hat
goes
into
mai
ntai
ning
nat
ural
hai
r an
d w
hile
the
re a
re s
ome
wom
en
wea
ring
w
eave
s,w
igs
orex
tens
ions
bec
ause
the
y do
n’t
like
thei
r na
tura
l ha
ir t
here
are
a l
ot o
fw
omen
wea
ring
it fo
r s
heer
con
ven-
ienc
e.T
his ‘
add-
on’ h
air
is p
ract
ical
lyge
t- u
p an
d go
,and
you
can
exp
eri-
men
t if
you
have
lon
g ha
ir a
nd y
oufa
ncy
a s
hort
hai
rsty
le.W
hy w
ould
ape
rson
opt
to
cut
all
thei
r ha
ir o
ffw
hen
ther
e is
an
alte
rnat
ive
mea
s-ur
e? Y
ou f
ancy
bei
ng a
bru
nett
e or
even
a b
lond
e -
how
long
doe
s th
at d
ye t
ake
to g
row
out
befo
re y
ou c
an e
ven
thin
k of
usi
ng a
noth
er c
olou
r?N
ot t
o m
entio
n th
e da
mag
e it
can
do t
o yo
ur h
air.
Wha
t ab
out
whe
n yo
u go
out
? Sp
endi
ng h
ours
cur
ling,
stra
ight
enin
g an
d st
ylin
g yo
ur h
air,
putt
ing
all t
hat
hair
spra
y to
mak
e it
keep
,the
win
d bl
ows
the
wro
ng w
ay,,
it de
cide
s to
rai
n un
-exp
ecta
ntly,
or a
hot
day
and
you
swea
t,w
hat h
appe
ns to
the
hair
then
? hai
rsty
le is
mas
h-up
all
that
tim
e w
aste
d!!
So y
ou s
ee i
t a
fact
som
ew
omen
are
unh
appy
with
thei
r ha
ir a
lso
som
e w
omen
’sha
ir is
too
sho
rt a
nd s
ome
may
eve
n be
bal
d in
pla
ces.
but
it is
fic
tion
that
all
wom
en w
ho w
ear
wea
ves
are
unha
ppy
or a
sham
ed o
f the
ir h
air
- fo
r th
e m
ost
part
itis
she
er c
onve
nien
ce!!
CR
EA
TIV
E I
ND
UST
RIE
S S
EM
INA
R(D
iver
sity
Art
s In
cuba
tion
Pro
gram
me
DA
-IP
)w
ww
.dai
p.co
.uk
Blac
kbri
ght
New
s su
ppor
ted
the
Cre
ativ
e In
dust
ries
Sem
inar
,aD
iver
sity
Art
s In
cuba
tion
Prog
ram
me
on T
hurs
day
19th
Oct
ober
,at
the
Hat
Fac
tory
in L
uton
.Pa
ulin
e C
atlin
-Rei
d is
the
Dire
ctor
of
the
prog
ram
me
(Tel
:015
82 8
7812
9) a
nd h
as p
ut a
lot
of w
ork
into
pro
vidi
ng a
pro
gram
me
whi
ch g
ives
you
ng p
eopl
e di
rect
ion
and
focu
s.Sh
e al
so e
xpla
ins
that
the
pro
gram
me
offe
rs d
ance
,mus
ical
thea
tre,
busi
ness
ski
lls a
nd s
ingi
ng c
lass
es a
nd h
as w
elco
med
any
-on
e w
ho is
inte
rest
ed in
impr
ovin
g or
lear
ning
new
ski
lls.
It w
as a
use
ful
Sem
inar
for
thos
e w
ho
wer
e pl
anni
ng
aca
reer
in
the
Med
ia A
rts
and
Cre
ativ
e In
dust
ry.I
t w
as e
spe-
cial
ly d
esig
ned
to d
irect
and
educ
ate
blac
k yo
uths
in
tobe
lievi
ng
in
them
selv
es.
Cel
ebri
ties,
like
Ang
ela
Wyn
ter,
Yolu
nde
Trum
an f
rom
East
ende
rs a
nd T
ony
Bris
coe,
Top
UK
mus
ic c
ompo
ser
and
prod
ucer
join
ed th
e st
age
to s
hare
thei
r ex
peri
ence
s,as
wel
l as
the
up a
nd c
omin
g ta
lent
ed C
hoon
g Fa
mily
.
Geo
ff Sc
hum
ann,
BBC
bro
adca
ster
,has
bee
n in
the
med
ia in
dust
ryfo
r 15
yea
rs.H
e ha
s be
en a
gre
at m
ento
r fo
r yo
ung
peop
le l
ike
Nik
ki H
ayne
s,a
stud
ent
of U
nive
rsity
of
Bedf
ords
hire
bas
ed i
nLu
ton,
who
he
has
give
n co
nfid
ence
as
wel
l as
show
ing
the
impo
r-ta
nce
of h
avin
g re
spec
t for
fam
ily a
nd fr
iend
s.N
ikki
sai
d:“H
e m
ade
me
belie
ve in
mys
elf t
hat
you
can
do t
hing
s if
you
wor
k at
it.I
was
taug
ht b
lack
his
tory
and
issu
es o
f tod
ay’s
wor
ld.”
On
the
nigh
t,G
eoff
was
the
hos
t fo
r th
e ev
enin
g,an
d hi
s en
ergy
and
hum
our
mad
e th
e ev
enin
g de
light
ful.
He
shar
es h
is c
hild
hood
with
the
audi
ence
,and
mad
e lig
ht o
f the
cha
nges
in g
ener
atio
n an
d
the
saga
of
pare
nts
bein
g m
uch
stri
cter
in ‘h
is’ d
ays.
Geo
ff Sc
hum
an
intr
oduc
edA
ngel
a W
ynte
r,Yo
lund
e fr
omEa
sten
ders
,as
a w
ise
and
inte
lli-
gent
wom
an w
ho f
lew
in
from
Jam
aica
tha
t da
y to
sha
re h
erex
peri
ence
with
the
you
ng b
lack
peop
le o
f tod
ay.E
very
body
che
ered
and
put
the
ir h
ands
tog
ethe
rfo
r A
ngel
a W
ynte
r.G
eoff
Schu
man
n en
cour
aged
her
to
spea
kab
out
wha
t its
like
wor
king
in m
edia
and
cre
ativ
e in
dust
ry.A
ngel
asa
ys “
It ca
n so
met
imes
be
pres
sure
,but
you
hav
e to
be
true
to
your
self.
As
an a
ctre
ss y
ou d
on’t
have
to
do w
hat
you
have
bee
nto
ld,a
s yo
u ca
n’t
com
prom
ise
wha
t yo
u fe
el.
… O
ften
Dire
ctor
sm
ay t
ell y
ou t
o ac
t ou
t a
scri
pt,I
hav
e be
en t
old
to d
o so
met
hing
that
I do
n’t
wan
t to
and
I ex
pres
s m
ysel
f in
a ge
ntle
way
,exp
lain
-in
g w
hy I
don
’t w
ant
to d
o it.
Whe
n a
blac
k pe
rson
exp
ress
esth
emse
lves
,thi
s ca
n be
mis
unde
rsto
od b
y so
me
peop
le.B
ut y
oum
ust m
aint
ain
your
self
and
not t
ake
on a
fake
per
sona
lity.
You
may
be a
n ou
tsid
er f
or a
whi
le b
ecau
se y
ou a
re d
iffer
ent,
and
have
expr
esse
d a
view
tha
t pe
ople
may
not
agr
ee w
ith b
ut y
ou c
an p
ull
peop
le in
,use
the
lang
uage
of
the
syst
em,a
nd le
t th
em s
ee y
our
beau
ty.I
f you
sta
nd y
our
grou
nd,a
fter
awhi
le,o
nce
peop
le g
et t
okn
ow y
ou,t
hey
war
m t
o yo
u,an
d be
com
e le
ss a
frai
d.”
She
says
“th
e ad
vice
I w
ould
giv
e to
any
one
who
is in
tere
sted
inth
e ar
ts is
tha
t do
n’t
do it
bec
ause
you
wan
t to
be
fam
ous.
If yo
uar
e do
ing
som
ethi
ng b
ecau
se y
ou w
ant
to b
e fa
mou
s an
d yo
uha
ven’
t got
the
stam
ina,
don’
t eve
n go
ther
e.Yo
u ha
ve to
be
able
tota
ke k
ick-
back
s.”
Als
o an
othe
r us
eful
tip
for
all c
aree
r as
pect
s is
net
wor
king
.“Ke
epyo
ur s
oul,
don’
t us
e pe
ople
mak
e re
al f
rien
dshi
ps.K
eep
knoc
king
Writ
ten
by B
ianc
a Ed
ward
s
on t
he d
oors
;tak
e ev
ery
oppo
rtun
ity a
s it
com
es.C
once
ntra
te o
nm
akin
g yo
urse
lf st
rong
so
that
whe
n pe
ople
clo
se t
he d
oors
on
you,
dem
con
scio
us b
urn.
”
The
Cho
ong
fam
ily s
hare
d th
eir
tale
nt,a
nd p
erfo
rmed
aca
ppel
la
(whi
ch m
eans
sin
ging
with
out
inst
rum
ents
).T
hey
are
know
n as
ahi
p-ho
p gr
oup,
but
they
als
o sp
it an
d si
ng.G
eoff
Schu
man
n in
ter-
view
ed t
he u
p an
d co
min
g ta
lent
ed C
hoon
g Fa
mily
and
enc
our-
aged
the
m t
o ex
plai
n th
e ne
gativ
ity e
xpre
ssed
in t
heir
mus
ic li
kedr
ugs
and
crac
k.
Geo
ff Sc
hum
ann
said
:“A
s yo
ung
blac
k gu
ys,if
you
talk
abo
ut c
rack
,dr
ugs
with
out g
ivin
g an
und
erst
andi
ng,y
ou’re
no
diffe
rent
from
the
man
tha
t so
ld u
s in
to s
lave
ry.D
on’t
just
sin
g ab
out
it,cr
eate
aro
unde
d un
ders
tand
ing
abou
t w
hy i
t is
hap
peni
ng a
nd h
ow i
t is
affe
ctin
g bl
ack
peop
le.
As
blac
k m
en it
is y
our
resp
onsi
bilit
y to
educ
ate
the
blac
k yo
uths
.”
Whe
n as
ked
by G
eoff
whe
ther
the
re w
as a
ny f
utur
e fo
r th
eC
hoon
g Fa
mily
.The
y sa
id,“
We’
re g
oing
to
keep
on
doin
g w
hat
we’
re d
oing
,if
peop
le li
ke o
ur r
ecor
ds t
hen
they
will
buy
it.
We
hope
tha
t th
ey d
o,w
e ha
ve t
o tr
y.”
Ove
rall
it w
as a
rea
lly s
ucce
ssfu
l nig
ht.
Whe
n th
e ni
ght
was
don
eI
aske
d G
eoff
Schu
man
n w
hat
he h
oped
to
achi
eve.
He
said
:“I
hope
to
give
bla
ck y
outh
s di
rect
ion
in li
fe,m
otiv
atio
n to
ach
ieve
thei
r dr
eam
s.I f
eel t
hat
I was
not
giv
en t
his
chan
ce,a
s a
child
,and
I wan
t to
giv
e th
is c
hanc
e to
oth
ers.”
Yout
hs w
ho c
ame
to t
he s
emin
ar w
ere
posi
tive
abou
t th
e ni
ght,
and
foun
d it
help
ful,e
nter
tain
ing
and
wor
thw
hile
.Eu
gene
Tho
mas
,st
uden
t of
Uni
vers
ity o
f Be
dfor
dshi
re i
n Lu
ton,
stud
ying
Med
iaPr
oduc
tion
said
:“I
thou
ght
it w
as h
elpf
ul,i
t in
spire
d m
e to
do
som
ethi
ng w
ith m
y lif
e.I w
ould
like
to
be a
mus
ic p
rodu
cer,
pro-
duci
ng b
eats
for
song
s be
caus
e I l
ove
mus
ic.
So if
Tony
Bri
scoe
,can
achi
eve,
so c
an I.
”
A f
ew w
ords
fro
m t
he E
dito
r;Bi
anca
vol
unte
ered
to
be o
urne
w Jo
urna
list
and
this
is h
er fi
rst
artic
le!
Wel
l don
e Bi
anca
.
Inth
e ne
xt is
sue
we
will
be
wri
ting
abou
t “C
an B
lack
Boy
s /o
urYo
ung
Men
Lea
d?”
So
me
of t
he o
lder
folk
s sa
y:“T
hey
don’
tw
ant
to p
ut in
the
wor
k or
the
effo
rt.
The
y w
ant
to p
rofit
from
our
swea
t no
t th
eir
own!
” I
aske
d a
coup
le o
f boy
s (o
ne a
ged
14an
d th
e ot
her
17)
wha
t it
wou
ld t
ake
for
them
be
lead
ers.
The
14
year
old
sai
d:“i
t w
ill t
ake
time”
and
the
16
year
old
sai
d:“k
now
-in
g ho
w t
o do
thi
ngs
bett
er t
han
anyo
ne e
lse”
– I
tra
nsla
ted
the
latt
er t
o m
ean
to b
e ab
le t
o sp
ecia
lise.
Two
key
elem
ents
-
time
and
spec
ialis
atio
n -
are
wha
t th
ese
two
boys
felt
it w
ould
tak
e to
mak
e th
em in
to le
ader
s.W
e ar
e go
ing
to in
vest
igat
e fu
rthe
r ov
erth
e ne
xt c
oupl
e of
mon
ths
and
prod
uce
the
outc
ome
to b
e pu
b-lis
hed
in o
ur s
peci
al B
icen
tenn
ial i
ssue
due
to
com
e ou
t in
May
!
CA
N W
E F
INE
LO
VE
inn
a d
an
ce?
It’s
me,
Mar
i sai
d ne
rvou
sly.
The
re w
as a
mom
ent
ofsi
lenc
e.M
ari w
as w
onde
ring
wha
t th
e si
lenc
e w
as in
dica
tive
of.
Was
he
tryi
ng t
ore
mem
ber
who
she
was
? H
e co
uldn
’t b
e,it
was
onl
yla
st n
ight
.Sh
e de
cide
d to
jog
his
mem
ory
and
brok
eth
e si
lenc
e.“I
’m t
he w
oman
you
met
at
the
club
last
nig
ht?”
“Of
cour
se I
kno
w w
ho it
is –
I w
as ju
st t
hrow
n of
f,I
didn
’t e
xpec
t yo
u to
cal
l”he
sai
d in
a fr
ustr
ated
ton
e.“W
hat
do y
ou m
ean?
”“W
ell,
I w
as g
oing
to
call
you
but
I th
ough
t th
at y
oum
ight
be
busy
.”“B
usy…
? B
ut y
ou s
aid
you
wou
ld c
all.”
“I w
as g
oing
to
but,
I di
dn’t
kno
w w
heth
er t
o or
not
.”“W
hy d
id y
ou s
ay y
ou w
ould
cal
l and
the
n no
t ca
ll?”
“Wel
l,ev
eryt
hing
hap
pene
d so
qui
ckly
,I ju
st t
houg
htth
at m
aybe
it w
as a
mis
take
and
wer
en’t
rea
lly in
ter-
este
d..”
“Not
inte
rest
ed?”
Mar
i was
con
fuse
d.“Y
eh,I
mea
n..I
did
n’t
thin
k I
was
any
one
spec
ial”
“Not
spec
ial?
”M
ari w
as ta
ken
abac
k.“D
o yo
u th
ink
I w
ould
hav
e go
ne h
ome
wit
h yo
u la
st n
ight
if
you
wer
e no
t sp
ecia
l?“L
ike
I sa
id,
Dw
inny
con
tinu
ed,
ever
ythi
ng h
ap-
pene
d so
qui
ckly
.”
By N
ancy
Nod
er
“But
I h
ave
been
wai
ting
all
day
for
your
cal
l.I
thou
ght
som
ethi
ng h
ad h
appe
ned
to y
ou.”
“Rea
lly?”
Dw
inny
sou
nded
sur
pris
ed.
Mar
i was
exc
epti
onal
ly g
ood
look
ing
and
had
a go
odjo
b.D
win
ny w
as w
orki
ng a
s a
secu
rity
gua
rd f
or a
smal
l co
nstr
ucti
on f
irm
and
he
felt
tha
t on
ce s
hefo
und
out
that
he
was
n’t
wor
king
in a
n of
fice
or d
id-
n’t
have
a h
igh
paid
job
,sh
e w
ould
n’t
be i
nter
este
d,an
d so
to
save
face
he
resi
sted
from
cal
ling
her.
“Yes
,I
have
wai
ted
for
your
cal
l al
l da
y!”,
Mar
ire
peat
ed,
feel
ing
mor
e at
eas
e an
d co
nfid
ent.
“We
had
such
a n
ice
even
ing,
I w
as l
ooki
ng f
orw
ard
tohe
arin
g fr
om y
ou a
nd s
eein
g yo
u ag
ain.
”“R
eally
?”th
at w
as a
ll D
win
ny c
ould
say
at
the
tim
e.H
e st
arte
d to
fee
l a
bit
mor
e co
mfo
rtab
le w
ith
the
way
the
con
vers
atio
n w
as g
oing
.D
win
ny k
new
tha
tat
the
nig
ht c
lub
he w
as p
layi
ng a
par
t,bu
t M
arie
didn
’t k
now
tha
t.H
e w
asn’
t re
ally
thi
s ov
er-c
onfid
ent
bois
tero
us p
erso
n at
all.
It w
as a
ll an
act
.T
he c
lubs
wer
e us
ually
dar
k,th
e w
omen
(as
far
as
he w
as c
on-
cern
ed),
wer
e ea
sy p
icki
ngs,
he c
ould
get
a g
irl
easy
wit
h th
e us
ual
chat
up
lines
and
tha
t w
as a
ll it
was
abou
t.P
ullin
g a
girl
,get
ting
her
‘dig
its’
,he
had
n’t
real
ly e
xpec
t an
ythi
ng t
o de
velo
p af
ter
that
.In
fact
,he
was
n’t
even
look
ing
for
a gi
rlfr
iend
bec
ause
he
had
now
here
to
take
her
.“Y
es,
Rea
lly!”
Mar
i sa
id w
ith
a sm
ile D
win
ny c
ould
not
see.
So c
an w
e se
e ea
ch o
ther
aga
in?
Mar
i ask
ed.
“Yeh
,sur
e.B
ut it
will
hav
e to
be
your
pla
ce b
ecau
seI
live
wit
h m
y si
ster
and
she
doe
sn’t
like
me
brin
ging
wom
en o
ver.”
Oh!
so
that
was
his
sis
ter,
Mar
i sai
d to
her
self.
“Wel
l you
can
alw
ays
com
e to
my
plac
e ag
ain,
ifyo
ulik
e.I
will
coo
k us
a n
ice
mea
l.W
hat
kind
of
food
do
you
like.
.?
“I
like
anyt
hing
”D
win
ny
said
,fe
elin
g hu
ngry
alre
ady
“Any
thin
g?”
Mar
i gig
gled
…“B
arri
ng a
few
exc
epti
ons”
Dw
inny
sai
d la
ughi
ng.
Wel
l co
me
over
at
arou
nd 8
:30
and
I w
ill h
ave
som
eR
ed S
napp
er M
arav
al w
aiti
ng fo
r yo
u.“W
aaah
,you
can
coo
k?”
Dw
inny
tea
sed.
“OK
,and
Iw
ill b
ring
a b
ottl
e of
win
e..W
hat k
ind
ofw
ine
do y
oulik
e?”
he c
onti
nued
.“M
ateu
s R
ose”
“Wel
l,M
ateu
s R
ose
it w
ill b
e,se
eyo
u at
8.3
0 pr
ompt
.T
hey
repl
aced
the
rec
eive
r si
mul
-ta
neou
sly.
Bot
h sm
iling
in
thei
row
n se
para
te s
pace
s.B
oth
havi
ngsi
mila
r th
ough
ts a
nd b
oth
feel
ing
ther
e w
ere
man
y un
answ
ered
ques
tion
s,an
d bo
th
feel
ing
very
ex
cite
d at
th
epr
ospe
ctof
seei
ng e
ach
othe
r ag
ain.
TH
E E
ND
.
EY
E F
OR
CO
LO
UR
(If
you
wan
t th
e w
ork
done
qui
ckly
,cal
lso
meo
ne e
lse,
ifyo
u w
ant
it d
one
prop
erly
call:
0793
1 89
5 97
1)
The
Cam
pbel
ls,
colle
ctiv
ely
know
nas
“E
ye f
or C
olou
r”,
will
be
usin
gar
tist
ic t
alen
t an
d Ca
ribb
ean
flair
to r
egen
erat
e yo
ur h
ome.
Wit
h ey
efo
r det
ail a
nd a
n ey
e fo
r col
our,
they
clai
m t
o ha
ve t
he a
bilit
y to
dec
o-ra
te s
o th
at r
oom
s lo
ok li
ke n
ew.
Ifyo
u w
ant
to s
ee p
revi
ous
wor
k,m
ake
an a
ppoi
ntm
ent
so y
ou c
anfe
el s
ecur
e in
the
kno
wle
dge
that
you
will
be
able
to
see
the
qual
ity
ofth
e w
ork
for
your
self
befo
re c
om-
mis
sion
ing
to h
ave
the
wor
k do
ne!
CO
MM
UN
ICA
TIO
N(W
hat
does
it
tak
e to
be
effe
ctiv
e?)
I re
mem
ber
whe
n I
was
at
scho
ol,
I w
as u
sele
ss a
tH
isto
ry a
nd G
eogr
aphy
,get
ting
5 ou
t of
100
for
bot
hsu
bjec
ts,b
ut I
alw
ays
got 1
00 o
ut o
f 100
for
Spel
ling
and
A’s
in E
nglis
h Li
tera
ture
and
A+
in E
nglis
h la
ngua
ge.
Igu
ess
it w
as b
ecau
se I
lov
ed w
ords
and
the
way
the
yco
uld
be m
anip
ulat
ed a
ccor
ding
to
the
situ
atio
n or
tone
des
ired.
Bein
g ra
ised
in
an e
ra w
here
chi
ldre
n w
ere
seen
but
not
hear
d,w
ritin
g w
as t
he o
nly
way
I co
uld
expr
ess
my
feel
ings
acc
urat
ely,
and
poet
ry w
as a
lso
a w
ay t
hat
Ico
uld
tell
the
‘trut
h’ a
nd g
et a
way
with
it.
Back
in t
he d
ay,i
t w
as n
atur
al fo
r pe
ople
to
hand
wri
tele
tter
s.T
he t
elep
hone
was
exp
ensi
ve a
nd w
e di
d no
tha
ve t
he t
echn
olog
y w
e do
now
,so
emai
l an
d te
xts
wer
e no
t av
aila
ble
as a
ltern
ativ
e m
etho
ds o
f com
mun
i-ca
tion.
Han
dwri
ting
repr
esen
ted
who
we
wer
e,an
d so
we
wou
ld t
ake
prid
e in
the
way
we
wro
te.
I rem
embe
rho
w p
roud
I w
as,t
he fi
rst t
ime
I was
taug
ht a
nd a
llow
edto
wri
te in
“jo
in-u
ps”.
Join
-ups
was
whe
re le
tter
s w
ere
join
ed t
oget
her
and
even
tho
ugh
we
had
to w
rite
exac
tly o
n th
e lin
e,th
e em
phas
is o
n th
e lo
opin
g an
djo
inin
g m
ade
me
feel
like
an
adul
t.To
day,
exce
pt fo
r th
e M
etro
polit
an P
olic
e w
hen
wri
ting
stat
emen
ts,
phys
icia
ns a
nd o
ther
s of
tha
t ilk
,pe
ople
hard
ly h
and-
wri
te l
ette
rs,a
nd e
mai
ls e
ncou
rage
poo
rgr
amm
ar a
nd s
pelli
ng.
Pron
unci
atio
n in
man
y of
our
you
ng s
eem
s to
hav
ede
teri
orat
ed.
Why
is th
at?
Cou
ld it
be
beca
use
yout
hs
tend
to
wri
te d
own
wha
t th
ey h
ear?
If
the
way
the
yta
lk is
not
“pr
oper
” En
glis
h,it
is li
kely
to
tran
slat
e in
topo
or s
pelli
ng a
nd b
ad g
ram
mar
.M
any
youn
g pe
ople
hid
e be
hind
em
ails
and
tex
ts a
ndbe
caus
e of
its
info
rmal
ity,t
hey
are
allo
wed
to
abbr
evi-
ate
to s
uch
an e
xten
t,it
is n
o lo
nger
a w
ord.
Emai
ls a
ndte
xts
have
rep
lace
d ve
rbal
com
mun
icat
ion
in a
lot
of
case
s,so
whe
n yo
u fin
ally
mee
t fac
e to
face
,no-
one
has
anyt
hing
to
say!
W
hat i
s sp
eaki
ng p
rope
rly?
His
tori
cally
,spe
akin
g ‘pr
op-
erly
’ m
eans
pro
noun
cing
‘t’s,
elim
inat
ing
“ahh
s,um
ms
and
“I’m
like
...” (f
or e
xam
ple)
from
con
vers
atio
ns.M
any
of t
he t
radi
tiona
l mid
dle
and
uppe
r cl
asse
s [if
the
def
i-ni
tion
still
app
lies!
] cr
inge
at
bad
gram
mar
,esp
ecia
llyw
hen
its in
the
form
of p
atoi
s or
‘str
eet
lang
uage
’.It
isa
sham
e th
at w
hat
bind
s us
am
ongs
t ou
rsel
ves,
can
alie
ntat
e us
from
oth
ers
and
wha
t id
entif
ies
us c
an a
lso
stig
mat
ise
us.
Nat
han
– w
ho is
a c
olle
ague
of m
ine,
says
:“I
alw
ays
adm
ire h
ow t
he A
fric
ans
use
thei
r la
ngua
gew
ith e
ach
othe
r,th
e C
hine
se d
o th
e sa
me
and
also
the
Asi
ans.
But
as J
amai
cans
we
are
som
etim
es a
frai
d to
use
our
own
mot
her
tong
ue w
ith e
ach
othe
r.”If
teen
ager
s to
day
find
‘pro
per
Engl
ish’
alie
natin
g an
d‘p
rope
r En
glis
h’ is
the
lang
uage
of t
he e
duca
tors
,wha
tef
fect
can
tha
t ha
ve o
n th
eir
lear
ning
abi
lity?
Peop
le w
ho c
once
ntra
te o
n de
liver
ing
spee
ch p
reci
se-
ly c
an c
ome
over
as
cond
esce
ndin
g,fo
rmal
,thr
eate
ning
by H
elen
Hend
erso
n
and/
or s
tilte
d to
som
eone
who
doe
s no
t sp
eak
the
sam
e w
ay.
Youn
g pe
ople
who
spe
ak ‘e
boni
cally
’ see
m o
bliv
ious
of
the
adve
rse
impa
ct i
t ha
s in
cer
tain
situ
atio
ns.
It is
impo
rtan
t th
at o
ur y
oung
are
mad
e aw
are
of t
he e
ffect
the
way
the
y sp
eak
has
on t
hose
lis
teni
ng,e
spec
ially
whe
n th
ose
liste
ning
are
not
the
ir p
eers
.For
exa
mpl
e,in
an
inte
rvie
w s
ituat
ion
(or
othe
r hi
erar
chal
situ
atio
n)w
here
col
loqu
ialis
m e
nter
s th
e co
nver
satio
n,it
can
adve
rsel
y af
fect
the
out
com
e.Ta
lkin
g ‘s
tree
t’ is
ofte
n us
ed ‘l
ight
-hea
rted
ly’ l
ike
pato
is,
and
not
all
blac
k pe
ople
spe
ak t
his
way
.M
any
of t
heol
der
gene
ratio
n fr
own
on it
s us
e an
d fin
d it
degr
adin
g,w
hile
man
y yo
ung
peop
le f
eel
that
thi
s ve
rbal
cul
ture
bond
s th
em w
ith t
heir
pee
rs.
Ebon
ics,
stre
et la
ngua
gean
d/or
pat
ois
are
ofte
n re
gard
ed a
s im
prop
er s
peec
hby
‘old
-sch
ool’
lect
urer
s an
d th
e lik
e.T
his
is p
roba
bly
beca
use
this
lang
uage
see
ms
to la
ck s
truc
ture
.Fo
r ye
ars
the
Briti
sh p
ride
d th
emse
lves
with
the
irkn
owle
dge
of t
he E
nglis
h la
ngua
ge.
Acq
uiri
ng ‘A
’ lev
els
in E
nglis
h Li
tera
ture
and
Lan
guag
e w
as h
ighl
y re
gard
edan
d st
udie
d by
man
y of
us
born
in B
rita
in,s
o it
is n
ow
onde
r th
at th
e ne
w g
ener
atio
n ar
e vi
ctim
ised
,rec
eive
prej
udic
ial
com
men
ts,
are
disr
egar
ded
or
pena
lised
whe
n it
com
es t
o co
mm
unic
atin
g in
com
petit
ive
situ
a-tio
ns.T
hey
are
not
view
ed a
s co
mm
unic
atin
g ef
fect
ive-
ly –
bec
ause
the
y ar
e ta
lkin
g a
‘min
ority
lang
uage
’.“S
peak
ing
prop
er”
has
its p
lace
and
the
re i
s no
poi
ntsp
eaki
ng p
rope
rly
if al
iena
tes
the
peop
le y
ou a
re s
peak
-in
g to
or
with
.Si
nce
effe
ctiv
e co
mm
unic
atio
n is
the
key
to p
ositi
ve c
hang
e,if
thos
e in
tera
ctin
g ar
e se
en a
s ha
v-in
g no
thin
g in
com
mon
with
the
peop
le th
ey a
re s
peak
-in
g w
ith,s
ituat
ions
and
peo
ple
will
rem
ain
the
sam
e.Si
mila
rly,
an e
ffort
to in
terc
ede
and
help
BM
Es a
dvan
ce-
can
carr
y no
wei
ght
if fo
rms
are
com
plic
ated
and
proc
esse
s co
mpl
ex.
Enco
urag
ing
our
youn
g to
sp
eak
‘pro
perl
y’
is
not
beca
use,
as g
uide
s,w
e w
ant t
o ne
gate
thei
r id
entit
y,cu
l-tu
re,a
ccen
t,or
sen
se o
f sel
f,bu
t bec
ause
we
sens
e ho
wim
port
ant
it is
to
com
mun
icat
e w
ell
in o
rder
to
beta
ken
seri
ously
.Sp
eaki
ng is
par
t of
the
ove
rall
pres
en-
tatio
n of
an
indi
vidu
al.
No
poin
t pu
ttin
g on
a s
uit
and
a tie
,or
dres
sing
up
corp
orat
ely
for
an in
terv
iew
onl
yto
res
pond
whe
n be
ing
aske
d:
“Wha
t m
akes
you
thi
nk y
ou a
re s
uite
d to
thi
s po
sitio
n?“I
’ve
done
fing
s lik
e th
is b
efor
e..”
Bad
habi
ts d
ie h
ard
and
unle
ss b
ad g
ram
mar
or
pron
un-
ciat
ion
is n
ippe
d in
the
bud
and
cor
rect
ed,y
oung
peo
-pl
e w
ill c
ontin
ue th
e le
gacy
of “
was
sup?
and
“I’m
like
…”
and
othe
r co
lloqu
ial s
peec
h pa
tter
ns.
Our
you
ng a
re c
hang
ing
the
way
the
y sp
eak
with
the
times
,ar
e dr
essi
ng a
ccor
ding
to
wha
t th
ey l
ike
and
wha
t th
ey
see
on
the
TV.
Mea
nwhi
le
the
corp
orat
e/m
anag
emen
t w
orld
rem
ains
the
sam
e.T
he c
orpo
rate
wor
kpla
ce d
oes
not
acco
mm
odat
e ne
wfa
ds,‘
slop
py’
spee
ch a
nd l
ack
of f
ines
se,h
owev
er,t
hem
oney
-mak
ing
mus
ic w
orld
doe
s -
so m
ixed
mes
sage
sar
e be
ing
sent
out
to
our
youn
g.T
here
fore
,un
less
teen
ager
s ar
e in
a p
ositi
on t
o m
ake
deci
sion
s,ta
ke fu
llco
ntro
l of t
heir
live
s an
d ha
ve t
he s
uppo
rt m
echa
nism
sin
pla
ce t
o su
ccee
d,th
ey w
ill n
eed
to a
dapt
and
adj
ust
in o
rder
to b
e re
spec
ted
and
trea
ted
fair
ly in
the
wor
k-pl
ace
(whi
ch a
pplie
s to
the
maj
ority
).A
que
stio
n fo
r ou
r te
enag
e re
ader
s:W
here
do
you
see
your
self
in 5
yea
rs t
ime?
Do
you
wan
t to
be
take
n se
riou
sly?
Wel
l rat
her
than
sco
ff at
thos
e w
ho s
peak
art
icul
atel
y,tr
y to
ens
ure
that
the
yar
e no
t th
e on
es w
ho w
ill b
e in
terv
iew
ing
you
five
year
s do
wn
the
line
just
be
caus
e yo
u co
uldn
't be
bovv
ered
!!St
uden
ts o
f all
ages
can
find
pro
nunc
iatio
n le
sson
s st
im-
ulat
ing
and
valu
able
.How
ever
,the
y ne
ed t
ime
and
con-
fiden
ce i
n or
der
to i
ncor
pora
te t
he c
hara
cter
istic
s of
conn
ecte
d sp
eech
and
mak
e th
em th
eir
own.
Res
earc
hdo
es s
ugge
st th
at b
y si
mpl
y dr
awin
g st
uden
ts’ a
tten
tion
to g
ram
mat
ical
err
ors
in a
non
-acc
usat
ory
way
,yo
u ar
egi
ving
the
m c
onsi
dera
ble
help
tow
ards
mak
ing
sens
e of
the
lang
uage
the
y he
ar.
Reg
ardl
ess
of w
hat
era
we
are
in,w
here
we
are
from
,or
wha
t lan
guag
e w
e us
e (b
e it
verb
al o
r bo
dy la
ngua
ge)
whe
n co
mm
unic
atio
n is
the
key
to
over
all u
nder
stan
d-in
g,us
ing
wor
ds o
r ex
pres
sion
s th
at c
an b
e un
ders
tood
is o
f par
amou
nt im
port
ance
.WW
ell-
Wel
l-W
ritt
en W
ritt
en W
ords
Com
man
d R
espe
ct a
nd G
etor
ds C
omm
and
Res
pect
and
Get
ssR
esul
tR
esul
t s -
em
ail a
rtow
ngal
lery
@ao
l - f
or d
ets
- em
ail a
rtow
ngal
lery
@ao
l - f
or d
etai
ls.
ails
.
DID
YO
U K
NO
WB
LA
CKB
RIG
HT
WO
N A
BB
I AW
AR
D?
Black B
usine
ssIni
tiativ
e(BBI)
pre-
sented
Myrn
a Loy
(who
was
also
nomi
nated
for
Busin
ess In
novatio
naw
ard) with
anaw
ard
in the
Cultu
re &He
ritag
ecateg
ory,
forBla
ckbrigh
t Ne
ws’
bene
fit to
thecomm
unity
.
Rela
Rela
tion
ship
s!ti
on
ship
s!(w
ho n
eeds
them
?)By
Bla
ck Ci
tizen
I gue
ss th
at’s
wha
t we
thin
k w
hen
we
are
at th
e en
d of
our t
ethe
r in
a re
latio
nshi
p. W
e qu
estio
n if
this
is so
me-
thin
g w
e re
ally
wan
t or e
ven
need
? We
ques
tion
why
we
ente
red
in th
is r
elat
ions
hip
in th
e fir
st p
lace
and
wha
tw
e ar
e ge
tting
out
of i
t. R
elat
ions
hips
can
be
diffi
cult
attim
es a
nd le
t’s fa
ce it
ove
r the
yea
rs w
e ap
pear
to h
ave
grow
n m
ore
impa
tient
and
less
tole
rant
. So
wha
t’s re
al-
ly g
oing
on
here
? C
onfid
ence
is
bein
g lo
st,
trust
is
som
ethi
ng y
ou n
ow h
ave
to e
arn
and
a lo
t of
peo
ple
appe
ar to
be
hidi
ng th
eir t
rue
iden
titie
s or e
ven
deve
lop-
ing
a ne
w p
erso
na. S
o w
hy d
o w
e ev
en b
othe
r with
rela
-tio
nshi
ps a
t al
l? C
ould
it
be f
or c
ompa
nion
ship
?Su
ppor
t, re
liabi
lity
and
the
feel
ing
of b
eing
love
d th
at in
som
e w
eird
way
mak
es it
all
seem
wor
th it
! R
elat
ions
hips
ar
e be
com
ing
incr
easi
ngly
har
der,
to th
e po
int
whe
re s
ome
peop
le a
re n
owch
oosi
ng i
nter
net
datin
g w
here
they
hav
e cr
iteria
’s o
f wha
t the
yw
ant.
Is f
indi
ng a
com
patib
lem
ate
beco
min
g m
ore
diffi
cult?
Peop
le h
ave
such
bus
y lif
esty
les
and
less
tim
e fo
r so
cial
izin
g so
you
hard
ly s
ee y
our
hous
e pa
r-tie
s th
ese
days
. N
ight
club
s ar
ebe
com
ing
a pl
ace
for
the
muc
hyo
unge
r gen
erat
ion
or a
pla
ce w
here
you
can
be
pick
edup
, but
not
rea
lly a
pla
ce to
attr
act t
he ‘
right
’per
son.
The
ques
tion
I am
con
tinuo
usly
ask
ed is
how
can
I m
eet
‘dec
ent’
mem
bers
of t
he o
ppos
ite s
ex?
We
all h
ave
tryin
g tim
es w
ithin
our
live
s, tim
es w
hen
we
wan
t to
be le
ft to
our
ow
n de
vice
s; ti
mes
whe
n w
efe
el v
ulne
rabl
e, w
hen
we
are
scar
ed -
so m
any
emot
ions
in o
ur li
fe’s
jour
ney,
so y
ou c
an im
agin
e w
hen
ther
e ar
etw
o pa
rties
inv
olve
d? I
thi
nk s
omet
imes
, w
e ge
t so
caug
ht u
p in
wha
t has
hap
pen
in th
e pa
st, w
e fo
rget
toco
ncen
trate
on
the
futu
re. W
e ig
nore
wha
t is
rig
ht i
nfr
ont o
f us
and
beco
me
less
will
ing
to tr
y.Le
t’s f
ace
it; l
ife a
t th
e m
omen
t ha
s its
diff
icul
ties.
How
ever
we
all d
eser
ve so
me
sort
of jo
y ou
t of i
t, do
n’t
we?
Rel
atio
nshi
ps w
here
one
per
son
is tr
ying
to c
ontro
lth
e ot
her b
ecau
se o
f fea
r or i
nsec
uriti
es d
on’t
last
. You
cann
ot c
ontro
l som
eone
els
e’s l
ife. S
omet
imes
you
hav
eto
bel
ieve
in y
ours
elf t
hat y
ou a
re e
noug
h fo
r tha
t per
-so
n to
be
fulfi
lled.
Afr
iend
onc
e sa
id t
o m
e: “
If y
ouha
ve a
bird
let i
t roa
m fr
ee if
it c
omes
bac
k, it
is y
ours
,an
d if
it ge
ts l
ost
it w
as n
ever
you
rs t
o be
gin
with
.”R
elat
ions
hips
app
ear
to b
e m
ore
dem
andi
ng, b
ut l
et’s
face
it, a
s a
soci
ety
we
have
bec
ome
mor
e de
man
ding
,le
ss u
nder
stan
ding
and
som
e of
us
have
los
t ou
r ol
dfa
shio
n va
lues
. I u
nder
stan
d th
at w
e w
ant t
o m
ove
with
the
times
but
at
wha
t co
st a
nd w
hat
exac
tly i
s be
ing
achi
eved
? T
hink
abo
ut it
for a
mom
ent?
So h
ow d
o w
e m
eet
dece
nt m
embe
rs o
f th
e op
posi
tese
x? I
wou
ld su
gges
t bei
ng fr
iend
lier t
o th
ose
you
know
arou
nd y
ou. H
e or
she
mig
ht h
ave
a rin
g on
thei
r fin
ger
but t
hey
mig
ht n
ot b
e at
tach
ed o
r m
ay k
now
som
eone
who
is u
natta
ched
. Onc
e in
the
rela
tions
hip
I wou
ld sa
yto
thin
k ab
out h
ow y
ou li
ke to
be
treat
ed a
nd tr
eat o
th-
ers a
ccor
ding
ly. I
t’s n
ot g
oing
to b
e ea
sy b
ut w
e ha
ve to
star
t som
ewhe
re -
why
not
at h
ome
with
our
love
one
s?R
emem
ber
indi
vidu
alis
m -
we
are
all
God
’s c
hild
ren
uniq
ue! L
ove
one
anot
her.
Thin
k ab
out w
hat i
t mea
nsto
tru
ly l
ove
som
eone
and
the
sac
rific
es i
t ta
kes.
Res
pect
als
o go
es a
long
way
, and
last
ly, c
omm
unic
a-tio
n. S
omet
imes
we
feel
our
par
tner
’s s
houl
d kn
oww
hat w
e ar
e go
ing
thro
ugh
or h
ow w
e ar
e fe
elin
g an
dw
e fo
rget
they
are
not
min
d re
ader
s or
bod
y la
ngua
gesp
ecia
lists
. So
rel
atio
nshi
ps -
who
nee
d’s
them
? Th
erig
ht o
ne?
We
all d
o!!
RE
D
SN
AP
PE
RM
AVA
RA
L
(A r
ecip
e)O
RIG
INA
TIN
GF
RO
M
TR
INID
AD
&B
AR
BA
DO
S
1 W
hole
fis
h ab
out
4lbs
Gar
lic 1
.5 c
love
s, f
inel
y m
ince
dS
alt
– 1
tsp
to t
aste
Pep
per
(whi
te)
to t
aste
Rum
– T
rinid
ad o
r B
arba
dos
(1 f
luid
oz)
Mar
aval
her
bs:
(chi
ves,
thy
me,
cel
ery)
Par
sley
–I
bunc
h m
ixed
Larg
e pa
n to
hol
d fis
hS
easo
n th
e fis
h w
ith g
arlic
, sa
lt ,
pepp
er,
rum
and
hal
f of
the
min
ced
herb
s an
d m
arin
ate
for
one
hour
.
SSaauu
ccee ff
oorr RR
eedd SS
nnaapppp
eerr MM
aarraavv
aall
Oni
on:
11/4
cup
s m
ince
dB
utte
:3
tabl
espo
ons
Win
e:
1 cu
p w
hite
Sug
ar:
2 te
aspo
ons
Lem
on J
uice
: fr
om 1
pee
led
lime
Cor
nsta
rch
: 1
teas
poon
Sal
t: to
tas
teF
lour
Dra
in t
he s
easo
ned
fish,
dus
t in
flo
ur a
nd f
ry f
or 8
to
10 m
in-
utes
in h
ot o
il un
til s
kin
is c
risp.
R
emov
e an
d dr
ain
fish
bypl
acin
g on
pap
er t
owel
s.
Sau
té t
he o
ther
hal
f of
the
her
bsan
d on
ions
in b
utte
r fo
r 8
to 1
0 m
inut
es o
n a
low
hea
t un
tilon
ions
are
ten
der
and
tran
spar
ent.
The
n ad
d w
ine,
sug
ar,
salt
and
½ c
up o
f w
ater
. P
lace
fis
h in
the
pan
with
the
sauc
e, c
over
and
coo
k on
low
fla
me
for
10 m
inut
es.
Gen
tlytu
rn t
he f
ish
on t
o th
e ot
her
side
, co
ver
and
cook
aga
in f
oran
othe
r 10
min
utes
. R
emov
e fis
h an
d pl
ace
on s
ervi
ng d
ish.
Sau
ce w
ill t
hen
be le
ft in
the
pan
. T
hick
en t
his
sauc
e w
ithco
rnst
arch
dis
solv
ed in
abo
ut 1
tab
lesp
oon
of w
ater
. P
our
thic
kene
d sa
uce
over
fis
h an
d se
rve
hot.
DID
YO
U K
NO
W...?
If yo
u sh
ould
eve
r be
for
ced
by a
rob
ber
to w
ithdr
awm
oney
from
an
AT
M m
achi
ne, y
ou c
an n
otify
the
polic
e by
ente
ring
your
pin
num
ber
in r
ever
se.
For
exa
mpl
e if
your
pin
num
ber
is 1
234
then
you
wou
ld p
ut in
432
1.
The
AT
Mre
cogn
izes
tha
t yo
ur p
in n
umbe
r is
bac
kwar
ds f
rom
the
AT
M c
ard
you
plac
ed in
the
mac
hine
. The
mac
hine
will
stil
lgi
ve y
ou t
he m
oney
you
req
uest
ed,
but
unkn
own
to t
hero
bber
, th
e po
lice
will
be
imm
edia
tely
dis
patc
hed
to h
elp
you.
Thi
s in
form
atio
n w
as r
ecen
tly b
road
cast
ed o
n T
V a
nd i
tst
ates
that
it is
sel
dom
use
d be
caus
e pe
ople
don
't kn
ow it
exis
ts.
[Not
sur
e of
the
val
idity
ofth
e so
urce
by
hey!
]
TH
E H
OLY
BIB
LE
(is
it r
elev
an
t to
day?
)
On
list
enin
g to
th
e ra
dio
one
mor
nin
g, I
hea
rd t
he
pre-
sen
ter
say
that
th
e B
ible
has
bee
n a
bes
t se
ller
for
over
300
yea
rs!
I w
onde
red
how
th
at c
ould
be
wh
enso
man
y pe
ople
say
th
at t
he
Bib
le is
irre
leva
nt
toda
y.I
won
dere
d if
it w
as b
ecau
se w
hen
ever
we
feel
pai
n o
rso
met
hin
g go
es w
ron
g, w
e in
stin
ctiv
ely
say
“Oh
my
God
” or
“G
od h
elp
me!
” (
Eve
n a
thei
sts
hav
e be
enkn
own
to
cry
out
“God
’s n
ame
inst
inct
ivel
y) a
nd
it i
sw
hat
man
y of
us
do w
hen
we
are
un
der
pres
sure
or
feel
ing
pain
. M
any
of u
s to
day
are
un
der
ceas
eles
spr
essu
re.
For
som
e of
us,
it
is t
he
pres
sure
of
tryi
ng
to k
eep
our
jobs
wh
en fa
cin
g re
dun
dan
cies
, for
oth
ers
it i
s ex
peri
enci
ng
oth
er e
con
omic
pre
ssu
res.
Fo
r ou
ryo
un
g, it
is p
ress
ure
at
sch
ool –
pre
ssu
re t
o co
nfo
rm.
“Ou
r m
ates
are
sw
eari
ng,
dri
nki
ng
taki
ng
dru
gs,
sow
e ou
ght
to jo
in in
, ot
her
wis
e w
e st
and
out”
. F
or t
he
olde
r ge
ner
atio
n i
t is
cal
led
“kee
pin
g u
p w
ith
th
eJo
nes
”, f
or o
ur
you
ng
it i
s ca
lled
“pee
r pr
essu
re”.
Bot
h h
ave
diffe
ren
t le
vels
of p
ress
ure
bu
t bo
th ju
st a
sde
trim
enta
l an
d fr
igh
ten
ing.
Fo
r th
ose
wh
o w
ant
toke
ep u
p w
ith
th
e Jo
nes
, it
usu
ally
an
eco
nom
ic c
hoi
ceth
ey m
ake.
Th
ey w
ant
to h
ave
wh
atth
eir
nei
ghbo
urs
hav
e. a
nd
will
‘di
e’tr
yin
g. F
or t
he
you
ng
it i
s ye
arn
ing
for
a fe
elin
g to
bel
ong;
to
feel
par
t of
a gr
oup
- to
pre
ven
t a
feel
ing
of a
lien
-at
ion
.Th
e th
ing
is, w
het
her
it is
kee
pin
g u
pw
ith
th
e Jo
nes
or
peer
pre
ssu
re –
it
take
s m
oney
; so
th
en t
her
e is
th
enth
e pr
essu
re t
o ge
t m
oney
. Th
e ol
der
folk
wan
t to
get
mon
ey t
o go
on
aw
orld
cru
ise,
bu
y n
ew w
indo
ws,
new
furn
itu
re,
or a
new
car
so
they
re-
mor
tgag
e th
eir
hom
e, o
r th
ey u
se t
hei
r cr
edit
car
ds,
or t
hey
bor
row
from
a f
rien
d.
Som
e ke
ep t
akin
g ou
t lo
ans,
so
that
wh
en t
hei
r ap
plic
atio
ns
are
refu
sed
from
hig
h s
tree
tba
nke
rs,
they
hav
e to
go
to s
omeo
ne
wh
o w
ill g
ive
them
th
e lo
an b
ut
will
ch
arge
th
em r
idic
ulo
us
inte
rest
rate
s.
The
you
ng
are
un
der
sim
ilar
econ
omic
pre
s-
sure
. T
hey
wan
t to
hav
e w
hat
th
eir
mat
es h
ave,
so
they
wan
t m
oney
to
buy
the
late
st s
nea
kers
, m
obile
phon
e, D
VD
s, m
usi
c vi
deos
or
clot
hes
. I
f th
eir
par-
ents
can
’t af
ford
or
won
’t bu
y it
for
them
, how
do
they
acqu
ire
it?
Do
they
dec
ide
to w
ork
to g
et t
he
mon
ey –
or d
o th
ey li
sten
to
voic
es?
W
ith
mos
t fo
rms
of p
ress
ure
, th
ere
is a
n a
udi
ble
orin
ner
voi
ce t
hat
goa
ds u
s.
You
kn
ow w
hic
h v
oice
s I
am t
alki
ng
abou
t, t
he
voic
es t
ell
them
th
ere
is a
“ge
tri
ch q
uic
k sc
hem
e” (i
.e.
the
Lott
o) o
r an
eas
ier
way
to
get
wh
at t
hey
wan
t, w
her
e th
ey w
on’t
hav
e to
pay
?B
oth
gro
ups
are
lis
ten
ing
to v
oice
s w
hic
h e
nco
ura
geth
em t
o liv
e be
yon
d th
eir
mea
ns
wh
ich
res
ult
s in
deb
t.
“You
are
goi
ng
to f
eel
real
ly d
epri
ved
if yo
u d
on’t
get
that
….”
Yo
ur
hou
se w
ill s
tan
d ou
t lik
e a
sore
th
um
bif
you
do
n’t…
. ““
Eve
ryon
e is
bu
yin
g th
eir
clot
hes
from
….
“; “
you
’re
lam
e if
you
don
’t…”
“yo
u’r
e a
ciss
ybe
cau
se…
.!”
“don
’t le
t h
im g
et a
way
wit
h t
hat
….”
“I
bet
you
cou
ldn
’t…”
I
bet
you
wou
ldn
’t….”
“Y
ou’ll
alw
ays
be a
fai
lure
…”
“W
hat
is
the
poin
t in
try
ing
…yo
u w
ill n
ever
mak
e it
...”
“Th
at p
ain
you
are
feel
ing.
..it
is
prob
ably
can
cer…
” H
e h
urt
you
, so
hu
rt h
imba
ck...
” “
I kn
ow h
ow y
ou c
an g
et s
omet
hin
g fo
r n
oth
-in
g…”
“D
on’t
forg
ive…
” Th
ese
are
the
hau
nti
ng
voic
es t
hat
you
hea
r an
d w
hat
usu
ally
mak
e yo
u d
o so
met
hin
g yo
u h
ad r
eally
not
plan
ned
on
doi
ng.
M
any
of u
s ar
e ju
st t
oo fr
igh
ten
edto
sta
nd
up
to t
he
chal
len
ge o
f to
rmen
t an
d fo
rgiv
e-
nes
s is
a d
ecis
ion
, n
ot a
n e
mot
ion
so
it i
s u
p to
you
wh
eth
er y
ou c
hoo
se t
o fo
rgiv
e. T
ry n
ot t
o lis
ten
to
the
voic
es,
but
inst
ead
subm
it y
ours
elf
to g
ood
and
resi
stth
e te
mpt
atio
n t
o lis
ten
to
voic
es t
hat
mea
n y
ou n
oth
-in
g bu
t h
arm
.W
hat
has
all
this
got
to
do w
ith
wh
eth
er t
he
Bib
le i
sre
leva
nt
or n
ot?
Wel
l in
Job
Ch
apte
r 3,
vs.
25
it s
tate
s“F
or t
he
thin
g w
hic
h I
grea
tly
fear
ed is
com
e u
pon
me,
and
that
wh
ich
I w
as a
frai
d of
is c
ome
un
to m
e”
E
ven
bac
k in
th
e da
y,
Job
was
su
fferi
ng
the
sam
eki
nd
of p
ress
ure
s w
e ar
e to
day,
an
d h
ad t
he
sam
efe
ars
and
ther
e ar
e m
any
exam
ples
of
peop
le i
n t
he
Bib
le w
ho
hav
e ex
peri
ence
d w
hat
we
are
expe
rien
cin
gto
day,
wh
ich
is
prob
ably
wh
y th
e B
ible
is
a be
st s
ell-
er a
nd
wh
y it
is
still
rel
evan
t to
day.
Pe
ople
, w
het
her
they
go
to c
hu
rch
or
not
, ar
e C
hri
stia
ns
or n
ot,
can
iden
tify
wit
h m
any
of t
he
pass
ages
an
d ch
apte
rs i
nth
e B
ible
, an
d u
sual
ly,
wh
en y
ou c
an i
den
tify
wit
h a
cert
ain
sit
uat
ion
, yo
u t
end
not
to
feel
alo
ne.
Th
at i
sw
hy
the
Bib
le a
nd
man
y ot
her
‘re
ligio
us’
scr
iptu
res
are
rele
van
t to
day,
so
that
you
nee
d n
ever
wal
k al
one.
(Nam
e su
pplie
d,bu
t w
ithh
eld)
TE
CH
NIC
AL
CO
MP
ET
EN
CE
(Wh
at
is t
hat?
)If
you
wer
e to
ld t
hat
you
lack
ed t
echn
ical
com
pe-
tenc
e, h
ow w
ould
tha
t m
ake
you
feel
? W
hen
Ihe
ard
thos
e w
ords
Ife
lt de
mor
alis
ed a
nd i
nade
-qu
ate,
pr
obab
ly b
ecau
se I
did
n’t
know
wha
t th
ete
rm m
eant
.
Tak
ing
any
criti
cism
as
a nu
dge
to i
mpr
ove,
Ide
lved
into
the
dic
tiona
ry t
o fin
d ou
t th
e m
eani
ngbu
t it
did
not
tell
me
wha
t th
e co
mbi
ned
wor
dsm
eant
, so
I m
ade
a se
arch
on
the
web
site
. I
am
glad
I d
id,
beca
use
on f
indi
ng t
he d
efin
ition
, I
nolo
nger
fel
t de
mor
alis
ed o
r in
adeq
uate
. L
ack
ofte
chni
cal c
ompe
tenc
e, a
s I
read
it,
mea
nt d
riftin
gto
war
ds g
ener
alis
atio
n an
d aw
ay fr
om s
peci
alis
a-tio
n, a
nd i
f th
is w
as t
he c
ase,
I w
as g
uilty
as
char
ged!
B
eing
mul
ti-fa
cete
d m
eans
we
fail
to s
peci
alis
e. I
am n
ot m
akin
g ex
cuse
s, b
ut a
s w
omen
, w
e ha
vea
tend
ency
to
try
and
fulfi
l man
y ro
les
and
know
-in
g w
here
to p
riorit
ise
or w
hat a
rea
to s
peci
alis
e in
is d
iffic
ult.
We
try
to ra
nk e
ach
area
the
sam
e a
ndas
res
ult,
som
e ar
eas
are
ina
dver
tent
ly c
ompr
o-m
ised
at
the
expe
nse
of o
ther
s.
Som
e ch
ildre
n kn
ew w
hat
area
the
y w
ante
d to
spec
ialis
e in
whe
n th
ey g
rew
up:
“I
wan
t to
be
ado
ctor
, a
law
yer,
a t
each
er,
a ha
irdre
sser
, a
film
star
, a s
inge
r, a
mod
el”
the
list g
oes
on.
I rem
em-
ber
I w
ante
d to
be
“a f
ashi
on d
esig
ner
and
an a
irho
stes
s, n
one
of w
hich
I s
peci
alis
ed in
and
non
eof
whi
ch I
am n
ow.
Inst
ead,
I ch
ose
to b
e an
art
ist,
a w
riter
, a
poet
, a
mag
azin
e ed
itor,
grap
hic
desi
gner
, a
publ
ishe
r,an
d an
aut
hor
but
didn
’tpl
an o
n be
ing
a fu
ll-tim
e em
ploy
ee,
a m
othe
r, a
daug
hter
, a
frie
nd,
a sp
ouse
, a
men
tor
at t
hesa
me
time,
so
wha
t ga
ve?
Fro
m t
he c
omm
ent
“you
la
ck
tech
nica
l co
mpe
tenc
e”,
it lo
oks
asth
ough
my
job
was
com
prom
ised
.I w
as a
sec
reta
ry b
y da
y, a
nd e
very
thin
g el
se d
ur-
ing
unso
cial
hou
rs. I
did
n’t r
ealis
e th
at a
s a
secr
e-ta
ry th
ere
was
a n
eed
to s
peci
alis
e, a
s fa
r as
I was
conc
erne
d, b
eing
a s
ecre
tary
was
eas
y!
But
was
it?
Bei
ng a
sec
reta
ry w
as n
ot j
ust
abou
t ty
ping
wor
k, g
ivin
g it
to th
e bo
ss, f
iling
and
ans
wer
ing
the
By M
yrna
Loy
tele
phon
e -
tech
nica
l com
pete
nce
mea
nt k
now
ing
all t
he r
elev
ant r
ules
and
pro
cedu
res;
bei
ng a
war
eof
clie
nts
‘ nee
ds; t
hink
ing
(to
a ce
rtai
n ex
tent
, and
at a
leve
l to
be a
gree
d) fo
r you
r sup
ervi
sor;
adj
ust-
ing
to
chan
ge
effic
ient
ly
and
effe
ctiv
ely;
be
ing
fam
iliar
with
you
r su
perv
isor
’s f
iles,
sp
ell-c
heck
-in
g th
e w
ork
befo
re g
ivin
g it
out f
or s
igna
ture
, and
stuf
f lik
e th
at.
“Int
elle
ctua
l dev
elop
men
t wal
ks h
and
in h
and
with
tech
nica
l m
aste
ry”
says
Gen
eral
Mon
tgom
ery
CM
eig
s in
h
is
art
icle
“G
en
era
lsh
ip,
Qu
alit
ies,
Inst
inct
s an
d C
hara
cter
” in
Par
amet
ers
(Sum
mer
Issu
e).
It is
the
refo
re i
mpo
rtan
t fo
r em
ploy
ees
tode
velo
p th
emse
lves
reg
ardl
ess
of w
heth
er th
e jo
bth
ey a
re d
oing
is m
anua
l or
tech
nica
l.
Tec
hnic
al c
ompe
tenc
e w
hen
wor
king
in fa
st-f
oods
mea
ns t
hat
you
ensu
re t
hat
the
area
you
wor
k in
is c
lean
, tha
t you
hav
e th
e co
rrec
t pro
tect
ive
clot
h-in
g, t
hat
you
ensu
re t
he p
roce
ss o
f pr
epar
ing
and
deliv
erin
g fo
od i
s hy
gien
ic a
nd c
onsi
sten
t w
ithF
ood
& H
ygie
ne s
tand
ards
.
So
whi
le y
ou m
ight
be s
tudy
ing
for
an M
A in
Acc
ount
ancy
but
wor
king
in a
fast
-foo
d in
dust
ry in
you
r sp
are
time,
you
can
still
lack
tec
hnic
al c
ompe
tenc
e if
you
do n
ot s
pe-
cial
ise
in t
he jo
b at
han
d!A
hi
ghly
in
telli
gent
/edu
cate
d pe
rson
co
uld
beac
cuse
d of
not
hav
ing
any
com
mon
sen
se, i
f he
orsh
e la
cks
tech
nica
l com
pete
nce.
How
man
y pe
o-pl
e w
ho w
ork
in t
he f
ast-
food
indu
stry
can
dis
play
tech
nica
l pr
ofic
ienc
y, l
et a
lone
mas
tery
in
thei
rro
le?
M
any
succ
essf
ul l
eade
rs o
f th
e pa
st a
nd p
rese
ntw
ere
tech
nica
l ex
pert
s in
the
ir pa
rtic
ular
fie
lds
whe
n th
ey w
ere
youn
g an
d th
ey c
ontin
ued
thei
rpr
ofes
sion
al t
echn
ical
stu
dies
as
they
mat
ured
.T
echn
ical
co
mpe
tenc
e w
as
achi
eved
th
roug
hst
udy
and
know
ledg
e of
tec
hnic
al m
anua
ls.
So
wha
t is
the
diff
eren
ce t
oday
? T
he b
read
th o
fkn
owle
dge
requ
ired
to s
ucce
ed is
gre
ater
tha
n in
the
past
, bu
t th
e de
pth
of t
he k
now
ledg
e re
quire
dis
le
ss.
A
s a
resu
lt,
tech
nica
l sp
ecia
lisat
ion
seem
s to
be
decl
inin
g.
So
wha
t is
the
ans
wer
? D
o w
e ac
quire
ove
rall
know
ledg
e an
d be
com
e a
“Jac
k of
All
Tra
des”
, or
do w
e sp
ecia
lise
and
beco
me
an e
xper
t? “
One
man
can
’t se
rve
two
mas
ters
” sp
rings
to
min
d!
SSUU
BBSS
CCRR
IIPPTT
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ress
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