DECT Operation and Evolutions

DECT Forum DECT Operation and EvolutionMarch 2007

DECT Basic operating principlesDECT Basic operating principles

DECT is a MC/TDMA/TDD Radio Access SystemDECT uses 10 carrier frequencies in the 1880 to 1900 MHz rangeA TDM frame repeats every 10 ms, with 24 time slots

DECT Principles of operation: BaseDECT Principles of operation: Base

DECT is a TDMA system. The base transmits a signal only during the time slots that are allocated to it, in general at a level slightly lower than the max allowed level: 250mW.Transmitting during the idle time a beacon signal allows remote handsets to remain synchronized and able to take a call immediately..The average output power resulting from this mode of operation is around 9.5 mW during a call, and around 2mW in idle mode (most of the time).

During a call Idle

250 mW

10 ms

0.38 ms

0.08 ms

DECT Principles of operation: HandsetDECT Principles of operation: Handset

DECT is a TDMA system. The handset transmits only during the allocated time slots, at a level in general slightly lower than the max allowed: 250mW.The handset does not transmit at all during idle periods. The base transmits a beacon signal which allows the handsets to remain synchronized and ready to receive calls at any moment..The transmitted power which results is around 9.5 mW in active mode (during Calls) and virtually zero in idle mode (most of the time).

During a call Idle

250 mW

10 ms10 ms

0.38 ms

DECT advantagesDECT advantages

DECT: Digital Enhanced Cordless Technology Interference-free High efficiency of spectrum use Security Long range without interference Low power consumption Outstanding Stand-by and Talk times Interoperability between all brands Low cost

DECT is an ETSI standard, originally Digital European Cordless Technology. It has been initiated in the 90’s, and is now spreading all over the world, like GSM has done.



DECT operates within a protected spectrum (1880-1900 MHz in Europe).It operates a dynamic channel selection to select the best available channels.It does not interfere with the 2.4 GHz ISM band (Wi-Fi friendly)



DECT continuously monitors channel usage, and automatically selects the right ones. It can manage without any frequency planning a full array of bases every 10 meters.No risk of interference, even if all neighbors are using DECT also



DECT authentication: for registering a handset, the user puts the base in registration mode, and enters a unique PIN-code on the handset.Most handsets are sold as pre-registered packsDECT encryption: All communications between base and handset are encrypted with a set of keys which are renewed for each call



The DECT range is at least 300 m in free space (typical: 450m), and reaches easily 50m with an in-door base: You can usually phone from your garden



The DECT technology is simple and efficient. Bases use typically less than 3W of operating power, and handsets operate with two AAA rechargeable batteries


DECT: Digital Enhanced Cordless Technology Interference-free High efficiency of spectrum use Security Long range without interference Low power consumption Outstanding Stand-by and Talk times Interoperability between all brands Low cost Typical Talk time is 12

hours, and standby time is typically around one week



The GAP profile allows handset and bases from different suppliers to interwork for basic functions: register, make a call, break a callAdvanced functions may not work.



Given its wide customer base, DECT and its corollaries DECT 6.0 are extremely cost effective, much better and less expensive than corresponding voice technologies like 2.4 GHz and 5.8 GHz and PHSTypical full system price varies from 25€ to 150€

DECT effects on the human bodyDECT effects on the human body

Following several scientific and clinical studies, the government authorities (CENELEC) have concluded that if cordless and wireless phones could have any effect on human body, it would be relative to tissue heating caused by emitted radio waves.

The way to measure the possible effects is to measure the SAR (Specific Absorption Rate). Therefore, International standard have been set, limiting the SAR at 2W/kg for a mass of 10g, to remain on the safe side.

Any technology which transmits less than 20mW on average is deemed intrinsically safe and does not need measurements, according to the EN 50385 standard.

The measurement is made according to the ES59005 (ICNIRP) standard. this SAR has been shown to be always lower than 100mW/kg, in general about 60 mW/kg, 30 times less that the safe limit.

Some devices have a SAR lower than 38 mW/kg, 50 less than the limit.

Worn with a belt clip, the SAR is approximately divided by 3, more than 100 times lower than the limit.

In handsfree mode the SAR goes down to lower than 1mW/kg, 2000 times lower than the limit.

Similarly, the SAR relative to a base is lower than 1 mW/kg if the user sits at least farther than 50 cm away, which is the most frequent case.

CAT-iq, a DECT evolution towards InternetCAT-iq, a DECT evolution towards Internet

Disclosure on ITU Telecom World 2006Via • Press Conference • Speaker slot • own booth on show

Overview and role of involved bodies:Overview and role of involved bodies:

European Telecommunication Standardization Institute:Creates and delivers the globally available Standards and Test specifications for the Certification program.

Home Gateway Initiative, the industry association of major operators:Advices and supports the prioritization of use cases and feature sets of the new technology to provide interoperability between equipment from different vendors..

DECT Forum, representing the whole industry with all relevant Equipment manufactures and all Chip Suppliers :Drives the certification program to guarantee interoperability and promotes the technology globally.

Evolutions towards CAT-iqEvolutions towards CAT-iq

CAT-iq (Cordless Advanced Technology - Internet & Quality) is a standard designed to complement DECT in the next years.

CAT-iq will bring:

• Better and wider interoperability between bases and handsets, allowing the users to have more freedom for selecting the best solution.

• A native management of IP and VoIP, and in particular a significant improvement of voice quality.

• A reduction of power consumption in standby mode, as well as in active mode, thus contributing to a more environment-friendly context.

• A reduction of the emission of useless electromagnetic waves, which will reduce this already low risk of interference with other radio systems.

CAT-iq is currently being defined by ETSI.

• CAT-iq will be a certification, ensuring full interoperability.

CAT-iq will keep all the technical characteristics which have led to the DECT success: Plug & Play, outstanding talk and standby times, low cost, interference-free.

A side effect will be to reduce further the level of electromagnetic waves in most application cases. However, the present technique being already quite safe, there will be no further measurable effect in this domain.

Telephony is moving to the Next Generation Network, DECT is moving to CAT-iq

Telephony is moving to the Next Generation Network, DECT is moving to CAT-iq

PSTNISDN

InternetInternet

(IMS) Network(IMS) Network

VoIP

DECT Next GenerationJoint Approach by ETSI and DECT Forum

Standard DECT for in-home distribution

CAT-iq “Ready for service updates” featuresCAT-iq “Ready for service updates” features

Keyword Description

VoiceSuperior voice quality (Speaking & Listening) better than any existing

Multisession capability (Voice + Conference, Data, Videos, Images,…)

Video telephony capability

Address bookPresence

Dial from Phonebook in the network

Call from Networked Address Book, using Presence Management

Easy call with multiple persons from Networked Address Book

Audio

Streaming FM Quality Audio Content (Internet Radio and other content)

Streaming CD Quality Audio Content

Audio Content on Demand

Ease of use

Plug & Play functionality of all components

Automatic device detection and configuration

Re-Use existing handsets

Reliability

Ensuring Security in all aspects: No Viruses and Worms on the Phone Set

Profile management and Remote Device Management helps the customer

Cost, Range, Quality of Service, Battery Lifetime as good as DECT

CAT-iq Certification TimelineCAT-iq Certification Timeline

Standardization process

Generation of Test specification

Interoperability Tests („Unplugfests“)

Setup of Certification

program

Certification Program

2007 2008 20092006

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DECT Operation and Evolutions