DEFENSE TEXTILEKashif usman

Afzal Ahmad

AREAS TO COVER…….

Introduction

Areas of protection

Role of fibers and non-woven

Ballistic protection

Environmental protection

Stab and ballistic

Impact textiles

Decontamination technology

camouflage

INTRODUCTION

Most demanding customers of textile materials in world

specific protective performance requirements battlefield, tanks, aircrafts, underwater etc. Also in gravitational forces during high acceleration-

deceleration,. The technical textiles have proved to be the major

contributor to the defense applications.

PRIMARY AREAS OF PROTECTION

Ballistics protection Environmental protection

1. Chemical

2. biological

3. thermal protection flame protection insects and micro-organisms protection

SECONDARY AREAS

Resistance to sun Resist mildew Water repellent Excellent durability Air permeability

MAIN REQUIREMENTS FOR DEFENSE TEXTILE

Fiber type selection Fiber size Dyestuff selection Functional finish utilization For example, a particular dye or pigment needed to

meet infrared protection against detection may not have good properties to colorfastness to laundry

ROLE OF FIBRES:

Significant impact Paramount is the excellent fibers available for the

ballistic protection Aramid and Polyethylene fibers for body armor M5 fibers

ROLE OF NON-WOVENS Non-woven material products Combat clothing and equipment For military use is the durability Reduced resulting from abrasion resistance Nanotechnology and electro textiles

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Fragmenting projectiles rather than bullets

From grenades, mortars, artillery shells,

Mines and improvised explosive weapons

Low velocity bullets from handguns High velocity bullets from rifles and

machine guns

TEXTILE FIBERS FOR BALLISTIC PROTECTION

Woven silk fabrics High modulus aliphatic nylon 6.6 high degree of crystallinity Low elongation Used in body armor composite helmets

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Kevlar

Twaron

Spectra

Dyneema

TEXTILE FIBERS FOR BALLISTIC PROTECTION

Kevlar widely used in the modern generation of light weight body armors

Twaron absorbing a bullet’s impact and quickly dissipating its energy through engaged and adjacent fibers

Spectra These fibers are 10 times stronger than steel

DSM Dyneema It has high energy absorption characteristics and dissipates shock waves faster

ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION:

Protection can be classified into three major components

1. Thermal protection

2. Chemical protection

3. Biological protection

THERMAL PROTECTION

Entrapment of still air in the structure Finer fibers tend to entrap more still

air than coarse fibers for the same bulk Textiles have advantage of low density,

good resilience, good drape and handle, easy care and durability

Units of measuring thermal insulation are warmth/thickness Tog/cm

CHEMICAL PROTECTION

These effects are insidious, lethally horrific

Mustard attacks moist skin, tissues and respiratory tract causing severe blistering

Nerve agents affect the transmission of nerve impulses in the body

BIOLOGICAL PROTECTION

Bacteria and viruses Nasal or full face respirators

Hoods and efficient seals, gloves and over boot complete the ensemble

Clothing is made of completely impermeable butyl rubber materials

IMPACT PROTECTION TEXTILES

Protect against high energy impacts without sacrificing flexibility, breathability or ease of use

APS is an intelligent fabric

consists of 3-D spacer textile

IMPACT PROTECTION TEXTILES

Fully integrated active safety that can be stitched directly into the garments

Material customization and versatility that allow many creative design possibilities

Breathable, flexible and lightweight construction for outstanding comfort and freedom of movement

Washable for easy care and maintenance

STAB & BALLISTIC PROTECTION

vests that protect their wearer against the twin threats of bullet and knives

DSM’s high performance polyethylene fiber (Dyneema) provides ballistic protection

Bekaert’s steel cord (Steel skin) gives the wearer stab protection

FLAMES, HEAT AND FLASH PROTECTION

Flame retardant material in forces is Proban treated cotton

Low cost Wide availability Low shrinkage in fire It must not be laundered with soap using hard water

DECONTAMINATION TECHNOLOGY

Process of neutralizing or removing chemical or biological agents

Military purposes, decontamination must restore the combat effectiveness of equipment and personnel as rapidly as possible

In one of the existing technology it is based on micro-porous membranes

Naval Research Laboratory's Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering (CBMSE) have developed a new cost-effective, self-decontaminating ultra thin materials coating that actively destroys pesticides and related chemical agents on contact

DECONTAMINATION TECHNOLOGY

Coating neutralizes toxins instantly leaving no hazardous residue, which makes it ideal for use in protective clothing for military personnel and civilians

The U.S. Army Edgewood Chemical Biological Center (ECBC) developed a patented technology to neutralize organo phosphorus chemical agents and pesticides

Enzymatic decontamination technology DEFENZ™ is now on the market

CAMOUFLAGE

Camouflage became an essential part of modern military tactics

The word camouflage comes from the French word ‘camoufler’ (to disguise) and was first introduced by the French during World War I to define the concealment of objects and people by the imitation of their physical surroundings, in order to survive

CAMOUFLAGE REQUIREMENTS Visual spectrum

Ultraviolet

Near infrared

Far infrared

Acoustic emissions

Radar spectrum

CONCLUSION

The general aims of future systems are

Improve protection against natural and battlefield threats

Maintain thermo-physiological comfort or survival in extreme conditions

Improve compatibility between and within different clothing components

Reduce weight and bulk of materials

REFERENCES

Wellington Sears Handbook of Industrial Textiles – Sabit Adanur

Textiles for Protection – Ed. by Richard A. Scott www.en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Military_camouflage Impact protection becomes flexible, lightweight &

breathable, Tech Text Int., p31, May 2006 Stab & ballistic protection combined in vest,

Technical Textiles Int., p10, Mar/Apr 2006 Protective Clothing, Wood head Publishing, 2005

THANKING YOU ONE AND ALLYOUR THOUGHTS AND QUERIES???