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Higl ^mpkshu

@ksprk crogg `k oitk hrk`glk


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Hmpyrgebt 6>?6, 6>?; Higl ^mpkshu

@kshrgkrko HG o Fgfigmtkhgg Logmloik o Vmalgkg^M^KXH[, HIGL

@ksprk crogg k oitk hrk`glk/ Higl mpkshu. - K . o 6-o, rkv. -gtktg : Ak goprglt, 6>?;

Gl`kxGXFL 752-3>3-78??6-2-2

63?.2


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Higl ^mpkshu

k s p r k c ro

g g ` k o i t k h r k ` g l

k

K`ggo o GG-o

^gtktg, 6>?;


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GG..MMrrttmm `mmxxggootthhuutt


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7

Fgskrghg krks

Bmtorkik o`kvruiug

Cmimsgt ulkmrg plio `kamlktgzork l spogui rsrgtkol,tkraklui `k mrtm`mx ralk, crkhvklt, ltr-m zml okhbgvmhuiug.

Hu sgeurol, ki lu pmotk cg `kcglgt prgl sgapio oportklklojurgs`ghgmloi io Fgskrgho mamlga. Hbgor io outmrui aoxgakgKxtro Khhiksgoa luiio soius, Xcltui Hgprgol, mrtm`mxgo, hua mfskrvoGmollgs Zgzgmuios, kro portk o ulug `kvmtoaklt aog eklkroi co`k Fgskrgh. Gor ostzg, `k io Fgskrgho Mrtm`mxsk pmt rkvkl`ghog lkprohtgholgg, hkg hork, hua rkaorh Sio`gagr Zgkiglsdy,

g fmtkozhmpggg, opmg g hrksh l otkgsa. k k oitportk, hbgoraorgg krkzgorbg gl vkhbgak g prmpmv`ugou lvturgik imr erk-gtk, hki pugl pkltru m vrkak, `gl gltkrgmruiFgskrghgg.

Kxgstklo erkhm-hotmighgsauiug lk `mvk`ktk hmrtm`mxgolu pmotk cg g`kltgcghotlghg hu rgturgik kg.

l cglk, `gcghgik g `kcglgrko mrtm`mxgkg `gl pulht `k vk-`krk `meaotgh: or prksupulk m kxpighgtork kxboustgv o kg

lvturgg Fgskrghgg. ls, prkvklko Ekmrek Cimrmvsdy, lgaklglu g pmotk ormeo m outmrgtotk `mhtrglor`kpigl. Hotkbgsakiksou arturgsgrgik `k hrk`gl hork lhkorh `k io Ebklo`gk,potrgorbui ulug Hmlstoltglmpmi lvgls scmrauikzk, pk fozoigtkroturgg potrgstghk, m lvtur`k hrk`glkxtglsou, cgkhork,pkltru hulmshtmrg, aghg igpsurg sou shprg, otrgfugtk cgkglciuklkimr, cgk glkrkltkimr krmrg uaolk. Coptui orot, lrkoigtotk, h m sgstkaotgzork tgglgcgh gltkeroi o hrk`glkg lBrgstms ralk ul kxhks chut pkltru rgemrg prko iuaktg. Pmh-


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?>

aog io Xcglgg rglg k io hork sk rkvkl`gh, ohkstk arturgsgrg e-sksh, glvorgofgi, krmrg g `gvkreklk oshulsk, `k `roeuihmkrklkg sgstkaotgzrgg, suf prk, gor stipgg vklkrog og Fgskrghgg

ojule scgk ostcki hmrkhtog k lgtk kpgemlg. g hk ikegtgagtotk pmtovko arturgsgrgik hork g hklzurkoztmhaog scglgg=

Hrktglgg mhhg`kltoig `kshbgg htrk Mrtm`mxgk sk agrsmvo`, ulkmrg, lkikos, io ko ohos, ho m aolgk o `ktoiguiug, g hoo`krklio ul fimh gakls `k ortghmik lklkemhgofgik imegh. Mlvturoutkltgh, òr stotgh, prohtgh fimhot, hua rkaorhoJmskpb Votzglekr vggtmrui popFklk`ght. Io gltrorko l Fgsk-

rgh prgl fmtkz, prkmtui mrtm`mx g hkrk, tmtug, lkmcgtuiugarturgsgrko ulug sgafmi `k hrk`gl shurt, hork lu g hkrlkelùrgik Vma. ?0, ?. Xult puglk huvgltkik, òr kik huprgl` tmotktoglkik. @kstuihulmotkrk altugtmork pkltru hkg hk lu pmt hgtgXhrgpturgik, kxpigho Lghkto `k Vkaksgolo. Xgafmiui Fgskrghgg,arturgsgrko `k hrk`gl prgl kxhkikl, pmtrgvgt iug OikxgsBmagodmv, or putko cg m `kcglggk `k iuhru o mrtm`mxgkg, suf rk-

zkrvo hki lu eoroltkozlkikekrko gltkikhtuoi hmrkhto tuturmrsklsurgimr iugo.

Hiorgtotko l hrk`gl lu kstk m hbkstgulk hk glk `kaltugrk io cki pkltru tmg, hg ohkgo hork ou siujgrko k o-g lvopk oigg sult òtmrg sogfm hrk`glkxpighgtrkckrgtmork io aogauitk kht rkstui, rkzmivo Pmao Oquglm. @k copt, lghg ahorohkost siujgrk lu k mfigeot io hiorgtotko uitga, otrgfugt `k

Altugtmrui hkimr aorg l aprgo Hkrurgimr, hork coh glvo, cro erkg vrkm gmtsou hgrtAot. ;, ?7.

o^kltru orbgkrkg, sk aog hkrk ls, io glstoiork, hmlcmra Hml`ghgg Xcgltkorgg Vmalktg (glggotio juatotko skhmiuiug oi RSGG-iko) prgagrko hkimr5 Xglmo`k Khuaklghk. Io ohkostko, sk oòue, voe, prgagrko tuturmr hkimrioitksglmo`k, holmolk g lvturg oik Xcltkg Fgskrghg o Vsrgtuiug hkko hk lu

aog pmotk glk, tmtug, `k m `kcglgrk `mhtrglor, hg aog `kerof`k gapkrotgvui`roemstkg, rksmrtui ulgtgg Fgskrghgg.


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?6

pmotcg prgvgtk, l `gshuggik ltrk Fgskrghg, g ho tkmimeuaklk, `mh-trglk lkmfigeotmrgg.

Hotmighgtotko rglgimr

^rmfikao kcglgrgg tkrakluiug k mrtm`mx lu kro pusio ckipk vrkako Fgskrghgg hko ulo. Otulhg, ^rglgg lu chkoukhikzgmimegk, hhg rkoigtotko eimrgmos o Fgskrghgg kro `kshbgsvgzgulgg imr ùbmvlghktg. Lgaklg lu `kcglktk hkko hk kstk kvg-`klt prgl sglk, kxpighCimrmvsdy, `kùhl` g hFgskrgho lupmotk cg `kcglgt.

Fgskrgho o`kvrot kro `kluagt `k Xgafmiuilghkm-hmlstoltglmpmigtol prgl hotmigh. Ohkst tkrakl o raos,l aojmrgtotko igafgimr, lktroùs sprk kmskfgrk hkikioitk lsu-grg khikzgoik gor osto pkragtk, ulkmrg g gltkrprktorko iugofstrohtgzolt, cmrot. Ki k hoigtotko o`kvruiug rkvkiot, hmlg-lutui o`kvruiug hrktgl, rkvkiogo Xcgltkg Prkgag sou hoigto-

tko gltrglskho o`kvrotkg Fgskrghg, hork, o cmst, ksgeur, lh kio lhkput, io Gkrusoiga, hotmigh, l sklsui gltklsgv mrg hoigto-tgv ùp hua kxpigh `meaotgtg ho Imssdg, Cimrmvsdy,Hbgkshu kth. Proùhkrko pk iglgk siov, `gl skhmiui oi RS-iko,prgl smfmrlghkosh, o`gh, sglmòi, oo hua ktgamimegzkozBmagodmv aog `kerof spmrktk hmlcuzgo: hbgor òhsglmòigtotko kstk ful, ko lu k hotmighgtotko. l igafo erkoh,

tkraklui lu lkhksgto oitk kxpighogg, ki lskall` eklkroi,hmaul tuturmr: l igtkroturo prgakimr vkohurg, lvgkrko hotmighoamrgimrlskalo o tuturmr, gor kpgstmikik hotmighkkrou hkik o`rksotkltrkegg hrktgltg.

Ho oreuaklt hsklsui hotmighgtgg or cg `k piklgtu`glk ohrk`glkg, Fmrgs Fmfrglsdmy oùhk iupto sgleuior us k Xcl-tui Aoxga hmltro ulgvkrsoigtgg krkzgkg `gl vrkako iug crsgl hmlt h iupto Arturgsgtmruiug o cmst, tmtug, fgrugtmork

@gl spgrgt pmikagh io o`rkso iotglgimr hork g`kltgcgh, aog oiksùpOueustgl, hotmighgtotko hu sgapio ulgvkrsoigtotk, Zgzgmuios


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?3

h`gl tmotk igafgik kstk oùlot. Hko hoivgllu k sfmrlgh, hlu-g l tmot iuako, lghg `gl tmotk igafgik oùlot, spulkoSoriooa `ksprk Fgskrgho Vsrgtuiug, l pmikagho so apmtrgvo

Hotkbgsauiug hoivglksh `k io Oifo Guigo, `gl ?30>.

Krksurgik g Fgskrgho

Hua sk ltapig hu oig tkraklg, sklsui krksuiug gl Xhrgp-turg `gl vkhbko Fgskrgh, o kvmiuot `kstui `k auit. Mrgeglor, kilu ovko lkoprot sklsui `k lvturerkgt, hg, aog `kerof, `koikekrk, mpgulk, `k ul`k `krgvo hki `kprkckrglpkltru m `mhtrglo, `koghg ural` hmoicgimsmcgh, igtkror, ak`ghoimrg skhtrkigegmos prglhork sk ojuleko, l scrgt, g io lmgulko krmrgg meaotghk. Krksuikro `khg m erupork hork sk `gstgleko prgl o`krklo io m `mhtrgl,tkraklui iotgl hmrkspml`klt cggl` skhto. ^rmprgu-zgs `khg, mrghko`kpt oi ulkg `mhtrglk hior `kcglgtk putko cg luagt krktgh souskhtolt. Xcltui Iuho oagltko, l Coptkik Opmstmigimr,krksui soùhbkgimr (pk hork kvolebkigstui Aotkg i `kcglko: hkg

hork zgh hlu kstk lvgkrk) g krksui corgskgimr, gl hork o chutportk lsug Xcltui ôvki: ku oa trgt ho corgsku, l krksui hkiaog rgeurms oi ikegg lmostrk Copt. 63, ;.

Fgskrgho prgaoro cmst g ko luagt`k htrk hkg `gl ocorkrks krksui lozorglklgimr òr, `kvrkak hk g corgskgg giuòu krksuifhu al`rgk Copt. 63, ;, tkraklui lu ovko m hmlmtogk`klgerotmork. Pmtug, hrktglgg lu g-ou luagt hmaulgtotko imrostcki, hg, ùp huvltui @maluiug, hu tkraklui eklkrms `kkhhiksgo `k io kd doikgl, o hbkao, hmlvmho, `khg, sgapigst spus:pikluioùlrgg pmpmruiugh. ^k uhklghgg iug Brgstms lu g putko `kcglg o`k-

ol Fogiiy, oi trkgiko.f Opmstmiui spulk: A lhbgl @ualkzkuiug prglgimr akg, ùp

lvturo pk hork kg m luaksh krksCopt. 60, ?0 l iotglktk,skhto.h l Vmalgo, ul`k hrktglgsaui o cmst rspl`gt prgl gltkrak`gui

oraotkg, fgskrgh vglk `k io fosgigho soio aork `k oùlork o smiògimr, lgltkrgmrui hostrkimr.


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?5

rklo cmraoiio m mhtrgl k-o eoto. Xkalui ot k Altugtmruipkltru rkhulmotkrko imr kro roemstko Gmol ?8, 8;, co k hork, ortoXcltui ôvki, tmotk hkikioitk, glhiusgv `mhtrglo, krou skhulòrkG Hmr. ?8. ?8

. Fgskrgho kro, ostcki, ul krks pk `k-o-l`moskiko: m hm-aulgtotk `kshbgs stmghgimr, kpghurkgimr g mrghrmr oitk krksurghmltkapmrolk, og hrmr akafrg krou prgagg prgl sgapioarturgsgrk o hrk`glkg ltr-m prk`ghshurt, oik hrkg prglhgpoikoreuakltk krou borgsakik.

Krktghgg `gltrk lmg

@or ou cmst l pmpmr g prmmrmhg aglhglmg spulkXcltui ktru , uphua g ltrk vmg vmr cg lvtmrg aglhglmg,hork vmr strkhuro krksurg pgkrztmork g, teùgl` hbgor pk stp-lui hki hork g-o rshuaprot, g vmr oùhk imr m eroflghpgkgrk.Auig sk vmr iuo ùplvturgik imr `kstrfiotk g `gl prghgloimr hoiko o`kvruiug vo cg buigt. Ikeot k m lvtursuhgt, oiupgimr hork lu hruturao Copt. 6>, 67, vk`ka hkrksui sk aolg-

cksttmtug prgl `gvgzorko Fgskrghgg. l tgap hk o`kvrogg lv-tmrg lu vmgksh spgor`hu hulmtglo imr pk hkg pkltru hork oaurgt Brgstms G Hmr. 2, ??, pkltru krktghg, moaklg trupktg, hork luou ùbui, hg coh `kzfglrg Gu`. ?7, trucgo ulkg g`kltgtg `mhtrglorkkstk aog prksus `kht gufgrko.

@k maui krktgh, ùp ltgo g o `muo austrork, `kpr-tkoz-tk, i sctugo Xcltui ovki pk Pgt, tggl` hului ho ohkstos-o oftut g o hzut l phot, cggl` sgleur k sglk msl`gt Pgt 8, ??ltruht s-o `ksprgt vmiultor `k Prupui brgstgh. Ou` hotulhghl` voùlog l fgskrgh, ltrk vmg sult `kzfglrg, g l portkhrk`. Hhg trkfugk scgk ltrk vmg g krksurg, ho ssk lvk`krkzkhkg lhkrhog, g prkvklko Opmstmiui pk hmrgltklg, rkprmlù-ikhlu ik pmotk oàglgstro brolo tork cggl`hsult trupktg, htvrkak kxgstltrk kg hkortg kzfglrg. Lu sultkg vmg moak-

lgg trupuiug g lu uafiog ho tmg hkg `k rl`= Hl` zghk ului: kusult oi iug ovki, gor oitui: fo ku sult oi iug Opmim lu sultkg vmg


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?7

`kzfglog, gor Xglmùi Pruiol oagltktk, l holmlui 7;, `k hkghork vgl `gl krksurg io Fgskrgho hotmigh, gltkrzghl`, pl iohmlvkrtgrko imr, hstmrgo hu kgo `kigagtork rkhmaolòtg `k

holmolkik luagtk opmstmighk: lu lk ruea hu ohkgo, lu prg-aga òrurg `k io kg.

@mea g putkrk

Pmamsui g aojmrgtotko ohtkimr Xglmùiug `k ioHmlstoltglmpmi gl 82? lu s-ou pstrot, or oa putko prksupulkhk oluak sttko io fozo cmrauirgg ortghmiuiug GR, `ksprk hrk`glol Fgskrgh. Xglmùi cusksk hmlvmhot pkltru hmafotkrko krkzgkgaohk`mlgklgimr, iupttmrgg apmtrgvo @ubuiug, g pkltru ltrg-rko ulgtgg rkigegmosk o Gapkrguiug, aog oiks l hml`gggik hrgzkgemtk. Vkckrgrg io Fgskrghkxgstou g l ulkik Xgafmiurg k hrk`gloltkrgmork (ulo sclt, hotmighfgskrgh oprko g io Kpgcolgk,hu hki pugl ?> olg logltk `k Xglm`, g kro prmfofgi `kjo m cmr-auitgp, òr ortghmiui GRlu ovko ohua aklgrko `k o hmltrohoro

m krkzgk, hg k o trolo m hbkstgulk k outmrgtotk, l hml`gggik lmggpmzggg pk hork Fgskrgho m `mfl`gsk l smhgktotk.

Cragorko iuagg hrktglk kvklgsk m rkoigtotk gapmsgfgi kgelmrot, ostcki lht sk pulko prmfikao prohtgho prgagrgg hkimrprmvklgg `gl `gvkrskik hmaulgtg (rlùgkigimr krou stofgigtkprgl Holmlui 5). Lgaklg lu or cg teùgt hFgskrgho k ulo, sclt,

hotmighg opmstmigh, òr glhiu`krko ohkstmr prkhgzrg l Xgafmi krolkhksorpkltru hkg `gl ocor. l kpmho l hork kro shmos`glXklot stotugo zkgkg Sghtmrgo (l 826), sk `kscgglou jmhurgik miga-pghk g tkapikik Kegptuiug (820), Mrohmiui `gl @kipbg (82;) gagstkrkik kikusglk (873), gor huitui pel kro gltkrzgs, trkptot, `gl87?-876, pk tmotltgl`krko Gapkrguiug, tmlui kltuzgost kro pk`kpigl justgcghot.

oHolmlui 56.


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6>

Fuhurlù-sk `k asurgik iuotk `k aprot g pk cmlùihurkltuiug `k mpglgk covmrofgi apmtrgvo pelgimr, Fgskrghotrkfugo sohhkptk g hupiorko gltkrvklggimr iug hu ulkik trkfurg

gltkrlk. aprotui Pkm`msgk kagsksk io Pksoimlgh, lh `glckfruorgk 82>, `khg logltk `k Xglm`, ul k`ght l hork g olulohior vgzgulko: ^mpmorkik Gapkrguiug strgoshl ohko hrk`glpk hork ùalkzkgkshui opmstmi ^ktru o prkòt-m rmaolgimr,trolsags`k io ki plohua g pk hork m urakozl hbgp iga-pk`k popo @oaosus g ^ktru kpgshmpui Oikxol`rgkg, frfot `kscglklgk opmstmigh. Pkm`msgk aog ``ko ho kxkapiu `meao Xcgl-tkg Prkgag g pmrulhko `grkht ho ohkg hk rkspkhtohkostikek s

afrgkzk luakik `k hrktglg hotmighg, gor hkgioig raog,lkhbgfzugg g lkfulg, scgk smhmtgg `rkpt krktghg, pkltru hsus-gl glcoago lvturgg krktghk, g lghg oùlrgik imr slu prgakoshluakik `k fgskrghg. Glvmho `khg prgaotui pktrgl, (glhiuzl` g`kkoshoulkimr gkrorbghk g suhhksgulko opmstmigh), oagltgl` l ohk-iog tgap `k sgagigtu`glko arturgkg hrktglk `gl `mu hkltrk,Vmao g Oikxol`rgo, ohtui cggl` o`rksot l ohkiog tgap hktklg-

imr lmgg hopgtoik, Hmlstoltglmpmiui. Xglmùi hmlstoltglmpmigtol ohmlscglgt, prohtgh, tkraklgg cmimsgg `k aprotui Pkm`msgk, `k iohork, prgl oprmforko `khgzggimr iuotk, prgako g sprgjglui frouiugskhuior l ocohkrgik rkigegmosk. Gak`got, tmotk hkikioitk oùlrg,hork lu aog krou rkhulmshutk ho fgskrghg, lu aog ovkou `rkpturgio ihourg, prkmg, g hkikioitk ovoltojk oik Fgskrghgg hotmighk. lpius, krktghgg, hork, ho g pelgg, lu aog krou hmlsg`krog lghg mo-

aklg, krou igpsgg `k ulkik `rkpturg hgvgik: aolgbkgg lu putkouimhug l Vmao, gor orgklgg g oig bktkrm`mhg lu ovkou vmgk sioskamtklgrg.

@mhtrglo amlmigt

@gckrklo ltrk krksurg g Fgskrgho hotmighsk putko cohk, lprgakik vkohurg, g `gl gltkrgmr. Akafrgg hu keoi kviovgk og

Fgskrghgg putkou prgag Kpgstmio iug Gohmvsou lu4 io cki, KvolebkigoKvrkgimrsou ^stmrui iug Bkrao Opmhoigpso o cmst glhiusl holm-


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Cgigmqukg prmzkigtgsaui

Hl` vo vklg Alegktmrui, pk hork Ku i vmg trgagtk vmu`k io Poti, @ubui O`kvruiug, Hork k io Poti purhk`k, Ohkio voarturgsg ksprk Aglk, spulko Altugtmrui l huvltorko Xo k

`ksprgrk

Gmol ?;, 63

. Xglmùi GG Khuaklgh limhugktk oghg pk `kio (poro) hu `gl (kd) g, oprl` ùalkzkgrko Hkikg `k o trkgopkrsmolk o Prkgagg, kagtk `kcglggo: Hrk` ltru @ubui Xclt,Hork `gl Poti purhk`k.

Hotkbgsaui Fgskrghgg Hotmighk amtgvkoz am`gcghorko su-pigakltor, oùegrko g `k io Cgui, prgltr-m tro`ggk oikxol`rgloprmopk io cki `k vkhbk g glhiusl Hrkz pkltru prgao morlskhmiui SG, l oprorko ùalkzkgrgg Cguiug. ltrk Opus g Vsrgt

kxgsto pk otulhg ul `kcozoj tkmimegh, gor prmfikao orgolgsauiug,rkzmivotl Vsrgt, kro, l Opus, l piglohtuoigtotk, `gl houzosusglkrgg `k htrk emg. Lu kro m cmrauiork apmtrgvorsrgtklgimr, òr lksglhrmlgzorko `kzvmitrgimr tkmimeghk o mhui-tot pk amaklt coptui h sk lhurojo glvmiultor ul krksplkvaotmaob rsrgtkol, hork sh`ko `gl hglstgrko @ubuiug.Amùi l hork hmapiktorko o cmst hmaftutuitkrgmr `k htrk

`meaotgtgg rsrgtklg l-o cmst, sk pork, hmlhiu`klt pkltru opu-sklg. Oreuakltkik ou cmst cgk prko ofstrohtk @ubui lu or aogcg sgapiu, ovl` `muprghglg mrg or purhk`k lk`ksvrgt `glPoti , cgk ou glut k potrgmtgsaui imhoi (lu ovka hltrg ks-prk m Lshtmork `k ûrhkztmr) g, morkhua, `k ul mremigurlgt (g pmotk g `k m gufgrk rlgt): `k hk s-o gltrmùs hkvo crhmlsuitorko lmostr=

[itgaui o cmst, k oitcki, tkakgui hu hork Aorhu Kueklghui olhkrhot s-g hmafotpk opusklg io Xglmùi ulgmlgst (ostzg g-oa


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68

spulk hbgor khuaklgst) `k io Ckrroro-Cimrklo: Hua lu vruglog rmstgl`, pk `k m portk, tmt rkstui Xgafmiuiug prkhua ohkg^rglg i-ou oihtugt, gor pk k oito gltrmùhl` k io vmg ul sgleur

huvlt= Hhg ohkst iuhru kstk oi krktghgimr, o`gh o oùeo g oshmotk huvgltk, prgl ohkosto vrl` s-g ltrkoshkrkzgo imr. Ogcohk ohkosto hu Kvolebkigo= Xou hu Opmstmiui= Xou hbgor hu vrku-lui `gl òshigg vmtrg= Lu og hkrk smhmtkoiòhhglkvo or cg`kshmpkrgt hor cg l`rzlgt ohkosto= g austro ki, l tgap hk kgglsgstou h lu or cg m oùegrk, hg m kxpighgtork ikegtga. @kgAorhu ovko `rkptotk, l prglhgpgu, ssk mpul`meaotgzrgg ligpso egruiug khuaklgh, hrgtghgik iug krou olohrmlghk, pkltru opu-

sklg Cgigmqukcggl`, `k auit, tmt m amtklgrk pk hork m prgagskr`k io logltog. @mor g Kikusgu `k Hgzgh, ig`krui krksuiugplkvaotmaob io Xglmùi GG Khuaklgh, vmrfko io cki ho AorhuKueklghui: glvmhl` outmrgtotko vkhbgimr `kcglggg, pkstk hork luor aog cg trkfugt oùeot lgagho

K `rkpt, Aorhu ovko g oitk amtgvk ssk hmapmrtk ostcki:`gshuggik sk purtou pk tkrklui hotmighgimr, suf ropmrturg glkeoik,

l agjimhui ulmr prksgulg pmigtghk gaprmprgg ulkg `kzfotkrg rkoik,iuhg`k. @k oicki, io cgloi, o putut shpo `k ohuzogo `k krkzgk tmh-aog ortl` hlu spusksk lgagh k io ki. @goimeui k otulhg k ulprmtmtgp oi khuaklgsauiug rotot, ovl` ho glerk`gkltk hmlskr-votmrgsaui g oafgggik. Lghg ahor tkxtkik potrgstghk cmimsgtk luputkou cg cmimsgtk, hhg auitkik gltkrpmirg hmlstototk z`rlghkoumrghk opki io rkpkrk hmaulk.

^lostzg, l tgap hk ulgg hotmighg susgl, l ùb pmikagh,tmt hkko hk g-or putko hmltrozghk pk mrgkltoig, sk esksh gmrtm`mhg hork s-g coh gl sgapio jgelgrk o opusklgimr m vgrtutk.lsg igafo iotglgimr orothou agltko strghot, hmaklto Gmsgc

oHrktgltotko mrgkltoio chut opmg, ltr-ul cki, ohkiog iuhru: o iaurgtsklsui iug hotmigh `gl Hrkz trolscmral`-m l smfmrlghkosh. @gl rogulg `k

pmigtghfgskrghkoshs-o chut glggoi m sgapitroùhkrk, gor ohua m ltrkoetkmimegk hmafotk vkhbgui tkrakl ho glo`khvot skaoltgh, l tgap hk hotmighggoùh ohkikog rkprmurg ho Aorhu oi Kcksuiug m`glgmor.


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Srgklgk. Gor Fgskrgho iug Brgstms k ostcki ruglot k agho oùegrkpktrgl (l kvolebkigg, ohkst tkrakl ork g sklsui `k maklkosh):`k pogsprkzkhk vkohurg, `k hl` o oprut ho arturgsgrk mcghgoi,

ko g v`ktk k lklhkrhog

G Hmr. ??, ?7

ott pk opusklg, ht g pk rs-rgtklg.@uphua mfskrvo Xkrebkg Fuieodmv, `k auitk mrg, otulhg

hl` hmafog m `mhtrglcro m lkikek, sk ltapisohgm-lkzg, glhmltgklt, ho o`kpt oi kg ostcki holtg-Cgigmqukpmotk l-skalo, l auitk hozurg, Cgigmquk. Hbgor g hkrhurgik hkik aog rgem-rgst-mrtm`mxk ho` l erkkoi otulhg hl` lu sk pmt rg`gho`kosupro sgapikg imeghg pmikaghk.

@mg pog pkltru rkulgrk

[l`k kstk @ubui, kstk g Fgskrgho, g glvkrs, `kcglkoFmfrglsdmy iketuro `gltrk plkuaotmimegk g khikzgmimegk. WvksHmleor, hork lmto h@ubui g Fgskrgho ou cmst pusk oiturg lXgafmi pkltru hFgskrgho o cmst hrkot k @ubui, prkhgzo lsh

pmikagho l jurui hmlskhglkimr khikzgmimeghk oik iug Cgigmquk l sklsui imssdgol o`mptot `k auig mrtm`mhg rkprkzglttmtugulk qukrkiik mutkusk. Hmleor rkoagltktk hio Xglmùi ulgmlgst `kio Cimrklo (?087), mrtm`mhgg krou eoto s ohhkptk ulgrko lshbgafui kigaglrgg oòmsuiug. @mor hkro vmrfo, l hkko hk hk-rko otulhg Aorhu Kueklghui, `k rkhulmotkrko ulkg krmrg `k`mhtrgl. ^rmfikao lu aog pmotk cg pusio cki ozg (io Foioaol`

s-o stofgigt hprmzkigtgsaui khbgvoikozhu igpso `k rkspkht), hg skpmotk `gshuto `mor `k rkhulmotkrko hmapotgfgigtgg g khbgvo-iklkg ulmr kxprksgg gckrgtk oik ulkg hrk`glk hmaulk. Pkmimeuicgim-mrtm`mx aog orot h vkhbgg hotmighg g oleigholgg i-or cgkigaglot g, lh`k ioKtsg postmroigso iug Fklk`ght oi RGS-iko, kil-or aogcg mfigeotmrgu pkltru ulgg. @k oskaklko, hotmighgg erkhg,hork rkhgtl erkhktk, i-ou shms gl Hrkz. @k ohkko, or hmlsg`krompmrtul ho ekst `k uagiglg `k crotkrlgtotk `gl portko rm-aolm-hotmighgimr kigaglorko iug tmtoi. Hkko hk hkrk lspkltru


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65

horotputkrko @maluiug, hhg uhklghgg ou ouzgt ohkstk huvgltkg tmtug kg ik-ou prgagt, g ou hmlvgls g pk oigg sik prgakosh,`khg lgaklg lu aog pmotk s spul h g-o lùpikhot prgl

igleukig, oshulzlù-ik erkutotko opmstmigkg. g oghg, @malui ikspusksk aog kvrkak: Alegktmrui, @ubui Xclt, pk hork-I votrgagtk Poti, l luakik Aku, Ohkio vvo lvo tmotk g vvooùhk oagltk ksprk tmotk hkik hk v-oa spus Ku Gmol ?0, 63. g, ohlu X-or cg liot, logltk `k Hglzkhgak, `ksprk uhklghgg Iug hg-lkvo or cg putut s spul h ou gkgt io prmpmvùgrk ho lgtksgapig prmzkigg, lùpikhog `k ul lvtmr. Xprk `kmskfgrk `kakafrgg tuturmr hkimrioitk krksurg, opmstmigg g-ou lhkput

prmpmvùgrko imr l am` gl`kpkl`klt, g l ohkiog tgap ulg-tor ofgo ùp hk lu I-ou aog ovut pk @malui hu kg,oùhlù-g oagltk `k hkko hk Ki ik spusksk `mor prgl @ubuiprgagt `k io Poti hmaul. Kg lu ou cmst trgagg s-g ckrghkoshpkmoaklg hu gstkgako imr, hg pkltru ho, prgl kg, kpgsmùiHglhgzkhgagg ssk rkpktk hu tmg hkg hork hrk`: Smrfgl` ^ktru,@ubui s-o pmemrt pkstk Hmrlkigu Copt. ?>, 00-034 @ualkzku o oiks

ho prgl euro ako pelgg s ou` huvltui kvolebkigkg g shrko`. g @ualkzku, Hki hk hulmotk glgagik, ik-o `mvk`gtohkosto, `lù-ik @ubui Xclt, ho g lmu Copt. ?;, 5-74 hl` oalhkput svmrfksh, @ubui Xclt o hzut pkstk kg, ho g pkstk lmgio lhkput Copt. ??,;.

Opmstmigg, hork, prgl ohkst òr, chkou aog aorg `kht@malui Gmol ?0, ?6, putkou cg `k cohl` @ubui h`ko pkstk uhk-lghg pkltru ohkosto lu sk putko hrk`k h@ubui or purhk`k k iokg G Hmr. ?, ?; (`k copt, pkstk oshuittmrg lu h`ko tmhaog boruiopmstmigkg, cggl`h, logltk `k o prgag hbgor g culhgg imhoik,hmlvkrtggg trkfugou strkoh, io rlùi imr, k ul tgap oi lhkrh-rgg G Pga. 8, 3). Oitui k skaltmrui g oitui skhkrtmrui Gmol 0, 85, gôvki s`ktk, Opmim u`, or @ualkzku cohk shrkosh G Hmr, 8, 3,kxpighou hkg trgagg. Kg putkou pikho ls, mrghl`, aphog,

lhrk`gllù-g uhklghgg @ubuiug l hork hrkzuskr Copt. ?0, 68.


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67

`k ohkko hkltrui k erkutotk oi arturgkg hrktglk stltmt`koulol hkko hk ko ioslkspus g lk`mvk`gt.

^rmmrmhui Gigk sk lio `k io Kigskg, chlù-i slkikoe

hlu ki kro horui `k iuptoi iug Gsroki

GS Vke. 6, ?6

, hg mrghglk skcohk, ho g ki, siooi @ubuiug. Gstmrgo Fgskrghgg lk orothua, pkl-tru prgagg hrktglg, ofsklo lvtmrgimr kro aog rm`lgh`khtprkzklo imr lkltrkrupt. l kpmho pkrskhuggimr, luarui hrktg-lgimr hrktko, l imh s sho`, mòt hu lauigrko kxkhuggimr,chlù-i pk Pkrtuigol skxhioak: slekik aortgrgimr kstk s-alo hrktglgimr. Xcltui Grglku `k Xgragua arturgsko l cooju`khtmruiug, hork g hkrko srklulk io aortgrgu k roeui hmpgg-

imr hork ovkou sralsgleurg: Hmpggg akg ou ohkiog @ua-lkzku pk hork i oa g Ku, Hork pmotk s-g altugosho.

Mrght `k rgeurmosg `k striuhgtmork or cg (`mor g kstkprmprgui skal) igafugo prmzkigtgstralk stkorpg glhopofgi`k o-i llmg pk ma: Lghg òhi fog hu pgiueui l pgu, lu-i `ks-porg pk lkful k lkfulgo iug, spulk lkikptui Xmimaml ^gi`. 65, 66,

l tgap hk io @ualkzku tmotk sult hu putglAot. ?7, 63

.^rmzkigtui, kltuzgostui ulkg `mhtrglk, kstk, l mhbgg iuagg, ul ao-lgoh pightghms, hork trkfugk mhmigt, cggl` tuturmr moaklgimrpmtrgvlgh G Pks. 6, ?;. Ki g hmlhkpk prmpmvùgrko ho pk m otmrgk:agsgulko oitmro cggl` prmzkigtgsa, òr prmzkigtgsaui iug agsg-ulk, hua mfskrvo Oltmlgk ia`koi g prgl ohkosto sk orotstrgl toglkg purhk`krgg @ubuiug `k io Poti, hork kstk toglooshuitrgg. Hki hk prmpmvùgktk `gl oshuitork sk iuptpkltruo`kvr, òr lu sk lergjktk `k kckhtkik spuskimr iug: @k tk-mroshuito sou lu, stgk hltrk kg kstk ul prmmrmh, g s-o pmrulhgtiug Gkzkhbgki Gkz. 6, ;. Brgstms, skall` huvltui ho trgags, vmrfkohkko hk Poti vmgo, otulhg hl` vmgo, hhg hki lshut `gl @ubuiou`k eiosui vltuiug (@ubuiug), òr lu tgk `k ul`k vglk g ul`ksk ùhk Gmol 8, 2. @k ohkko, putko spulk hlu tgk smrmohkik pkhork Poti ik-o pus l stplgrko Xo Copt. ?, 5 gor ohkosto lu mor ho

oOhtk aortgrghk GS, 2.


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86

cggimr, pk hopktkik hrmro or oùlo hrfulg Vma. ?6, 6>, uphua govkrtgzo Gmol Xhrorui pk pstmrgg leùgtmrg.

Ostcki `k pikhrg pmt prko hopgtuirg `gl crghsou shrf.

l hozui opmstmigimr ls, rksmrtui imr kro gufgrko: @k oakrekhu vmg og pgkrg hu tmgg, sk justgcgho @ualkzku co `k kvrkggshmg `gl Kegpt Gk. 88, 8. Brgstms g vkstktk pikhorko otulhg hlòpmstmigg ojule s ltrkfk: @k hk s-ou hbkitugt otgo folg hulvtmrui= Aot. 63, 2. Vkpigho Iug lu putko cg `kht: Xprk lerm-porko Ako A-o uls, hhg pk Aglk lu aovkg pururko g vkstk `k cmims ho Ku sAùh Gmol ?6, 24 ?3, 5. Hl` g kg ojulekouopmg l sgtuogg sgagiork, opmstmigg gltkrprktou coagigorgtgik mak-

lktg tmt ho pk m hbkaork k o akrek l oit imh. lvoskrs ko,pkltru agsgulko imr, skalui iug Gmlo hki hork s-o orulhot pksglk l voiurg, sprk soivorko hmrfgkrgimr Gmlo ?, ?6-?;. Gstmrgo eksturg-imr k ohkst ekl strfotk, ho ul cgr rmu, ltrkoeo Pro`ggk o Fgskrg-hgg. Ho lmg, ostzg, sputka rkhgto ul Xgafmi oi hrk`glkg mrtm-`mx, o trkfugt ho Xcltui Ergemrgk, hrugo g-i òtmra, gl`grkht, lfulasur, s-g ofol`mlkzk glvmhlù-i pk Gmlo shoului

`k potrgorb oi Hmlstoltglmpmiuiug. Xc. Gmol Brgsmstma rkcuzo, gki, ojutmrui pmpmruiug otulhg hl` kro `kpus pk lk`rkpt.

Opmstmigg g siujgtmrgg Akskg @maluiug

Otulhg s-ou oùlot tmg ftrlgg iug Gsroki, ou vklgt io Xoauki l Voaog g-ou zgs: Pu og aftrlgt, gor cgg tg lu-g urakozhgik. @k ohkko pulkpkstk lmg ul rkek, slk ju`khk ohkio, ho g io hkikioitk pmpmork! Huvltuiohksto lsl-o pihut iug Xoauki, hl` g-ou zgs: `-lk rkek, slk ju`khk!() g o zgs @malui htrk Xoauki: () Oshuiteiosui imr, or sik spugg sik org `rkpturgik rkekiug.

G Vke. 2, 0-3

Akafrgg hmaulgtgg hrktglk prgaork g vgl`kou fulu-rgik g ovkrgik g ik aprkou tuturmr, iul` aprkulbrolo, hu

fuhurgk g hurgk

Copt. 6, 0;-03

. Hurl` ls, vk`ka hou `kvklgtauig Copt. 3, ?. @ksgeur, lu `kpgskrputkrko `k huprgl`krk o


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80

stog. Lu lklskalot phot vma ovko, prkvklko HikakltVmaolui, vzl` auigako `k prkzfgtkrg g kpgshmpg liturogcrvgl`gl prgakik hmaulgtg hrktglk.

^rmtkstolgg prohtgholg sk oprmpgk `k mrtm`mhgg g hotmighgglkprohtgholg l rkiotgvgzorko ikegtgagtgg gkrorbgkg, glvmhl`l`kalui Altugtmruiug `k o lu luag pk lgaklg prgltk soufglkchtmrg k o lu lk stplg ului pk oituiAot. 68, 7, Iuh. 66, 6;-63. K sgapiulssrkvkl`gha igfkrtotko pk hork m ovkoa l prkzklo prm-ckgimr mor pkltru o cueg `k rgemrgik ofsklkg imr. l hguòmrgeglggkg gapkrckhtk, gkrorbgo o cmst ikegtgaot`k opmstmig, ho m rlù-

goi`k roleui `mg, ho ul piol F, oo lht hk o ulgt @ualkzkumaui slu ksport. Frfotui slu g iosk ckakgo g ckakgos sk supul g frfogimr osprg, l`koal Xhrgpturo hbgoròhulgrko gltrk frfot g ckakgk lu k k cmims. Hglk g argtcoto, fglk cohk G Hmr. 5, 82g hglk pmctktk kpgshmpgk, ful iuhru `mrktk G Pga. 8, ?sul, l euro Opmstmiuiug, io cki. Vkekik Xoui kro uls huul`kikalui sclt `k lsug Xoauki, prmcktui lk`rkptgt `k ohko

ulekrkG Vke. ?>, ?

.Lu sk pmotk esg lghgkrg io Xc. ôvki vrkm ura, hul

siujgtmr oi fgskrghgg, `mor l vgrtutko coptuiug ho cmst hbkaot io msiujgrk spkhgoi, or putko skxkrhgtk m outmrgtotk spkhgoihork slu cgk vkrgcghot akrku l hkko hk prgvktk outkltghgtotko kgspgrgtuoiG Hmr. ?3, ?>4 Vma. ?3, ?0, mfgkhtkozul prmtkstolto strkhu-rl` glsgluorko h iug @ualkzku og putko s-G siujktg g oitcki

`kht scglglù-tk pkltru tmt`koulo. ltr-o`kvr, Xcltui ôvkiputko cg mrghl` vkrgcghot l prgvglo outkltghgtgg siujgrgg iugspgrgtuoik, g putko spulk, ho Xoauki, hug g-oa iuot fmui=, ls,sprk `kzoaegrko iug, Opmstmiui kro uraot `k uhklghg l o pzgolg g zgik Eoi. 0, ?>. @k ohkko ik shrgk, sprk cmimsui imr: oshuitog-gpk aog-aorgg vmtrg G Pks. ;, ?6. Xc. ^ktru, `k oskaklko, lu spulk:supulkg-vopmstmigimr, hkko, poro`mxoi, lu kro hu putgl, hg

oKagi Frullkr


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85

hoikro lspuss-g ju`khk `mor pk hkg coig gor ohkosto ofgoùptrkg zgik , l tgap hk prmcktgsaui kstk asuro ùphorkgkrorbgo stofgikstk ju`khothigp`k higp.

ltgktgik gl Fgskrghou cmst ltkakgotk, prgl opmstmig, kBrgstms (oo hua spul hotkbgsakik mrtm`mxk, g, hbgor aog op-sot, hkik hotmighk). Pmt Brgstms lk aog spulk haog prksus k kikkxgstm ltgktotk hork lu kstk oi Cguiug o m ò Aorh. ?>, 0>. Xk `gs-hut, `k ohkko, tmt aog auit `k ùfio gkrorbgk aog oiks lprmtkstoltgsa g hotmighgsa, òr lu `mor ohmim. KpgshmpuiDoiigstms Uork m `gsmhgo, pk shurt, ostcki: ^k ilesuhhksgulko

vgzgfgi o gkrorbgkg, skrgo lkltrkrupt `k kpgshmpg `gl `gckrgtkmrok, kxgst, l aork portk oshuls, g aog `kerof io lgvkiborgsaotgh `kht io lgvki mcghgoi, suhhksgulko opmstmigh oprglgimr ùbmvlghktg `gl cgkhork eklkrogk o Fgskrghgg. (...)Xtorkui sou prgltkik ùbmvlghksh kstk m cgeurborgsaotgh gprmcktgh, cggl` aputkrlghgt `grkht `k @ubui Xclt. Ki kstk mkxprksgk aog `kerofo Fgskrghgg ho kvklgaklt, `kht o Fgskrg-

hgg-glstgtugk, spulk Uork, hmlcmra hrugo suhhksgulkoopmstmigh o scglgimr g o moaklgimr ùbmvlghktg k io cki `kgapmrtoltpkltru culhgmlorko Fgskrghgg ho g hko o kpgshmpgimr.

Xcltui Xgakml g borui prkmgkg

Ohkost`gsmhgkrk houts`ko skoao `k arturgo XcltuiugXgakml Lmui Pkmime oitcki, ul kxkapiu tgpgh `k hmltro`ghgkltrk vklkrogo igtureghpkltru scglklgk g teùgrko hotkbktgho aolgckstrgg kg. ^lohua, aorkiug ^rgltk lu g sk esktk imhl meaotghgik sgstkaotghk, l tgap hk otgtu`glko ulmr tkmimeg co`k ki crgzkoz buio sk hulmotk ocgraogo iug ôloegmtgsPrkafkios hork vk`ko l kxpkrgklo sgakmlgolo boruiug `mor mtklsgulk lkrvmos


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Hkko hk Xgakml lvookro hgkrtorko photkimr lu k strghtikeot`k gkrorbgo khikzgostgh `k oitcki g Zgzgmuios mfskrvo hgkrorbgo vzut `kpgl`k l prglhgpoi `k culhgmloigtotko kg

kuborgstgh. ûtka `kùhk `khg hsupulkrko co`k hmlùh-tmrg, hkrut`k ôvki mrg Hikaklt Vmaolui, trkfugk lkikosliketur hu lkhksgtgik igtureghk. Gkrtorko photkimr k ls, lvgzgulko sgakmlgol, aog oiks opolojui amlobgimr (`ksgeur, luo hkimr hu boglo) pug oghg io ohkiog lgvki hu kpgshmpgg. @gck-rklo k h, l tgap hk gkrorbgg sult rlùgg prgl bgrmtmlgk,amlobgg sult rlùgg `k @ubui Xclt.

Mpmzggo gkrorbgkg g o holmlgtgimr o chut ugtot, hu trkhk-rko tgapuiug, tkzo glhmamò tkmimegkg sgakmlgklk pmotk gpkltru coptui h borgsaotghgg `k tgpui storkuiug `k io XcltuiAoaos lu ou aog purtot oskaklko pmikaghg hu loigg prkiog.Oa aog putko putko oùeo g hsuhhksgulko prglgimr ubmv-lghktg lu k io cki `k rgeurmosprkhua hko glstgtugmloi, hg orkulkmrg aorg bgotusurg ltrk eklkrogg mrg `k io ul imh io oitui

[lgg lhkorhgltkerorko Xcltuiug Xgakml rkaorhl` h`gspklso `k o spmvk`g lu kstk ohmròtoutmaot prkmgimr prglbgrmtmlgk g hamlobgg pmt ohmrò, g kg, m l`ruaork spgrgtu-oi. Ohkstk prkhgzrg lu ohmpkrlsm ltrkoetro`ggk fgzol-tglpmst-ghmlmhiost, hl`, ho cklmakl `k aos houzot `koitkrorko gaoeglgg gkrorbgkg prgl hmapighgtotko hu stplgrko krk-tgh, ubmvlghgg ioghgimr ou kvklgt amlobgg, hbgor crhgtgrko k

cmrauik spkhgoik `k `kzikeork, hua lmtkoz Giorgml Oickykv.Hrgzo skaloiot`k Xc. Xgakml aog orto, l ohkiog tgap, ht `krkhk kvklgsk gkrorbgo hmlstoltglmpmigtol hu tmt hu hkik lmutrkptk oik kg luagtk hkrktg `k ^sku`m-@gmlgsgk l kpmhoskporrgg `k Fgskrgho Opusuiug. Gamfgigsaui fgzoltgl, sksgzot`k Ol`rkg Hmrlko, forghoòt outmsucghgklt, sgluhgeopk tkrakl

o

Pmtug, crsvrko vkzg p. 67.


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87

iuleo, sk auiuako hu `gshursui g`kltgtor, l imhui cklmak-luiug vgu, oi hutrgg hrkotmork gltkrgmork.

Smrfgl` `k m o muo suhhksgulk opmstmigh, pk ilehko

o gkrorbgkg vzutk g hkrtlù-g pk hkg hork sk bozoròu shml-ùh pmpmrui hrktgl cr o cg aog ltg fglkhuvltog `k sus,Xgakml lu sk l`mgo vrkm higphstruhturo trkptkimr fgskrghktg ocmst isot `k @ualkzku. l imh s otohk ohkstk rlùgkig, kiocgrahstorkui su, Xgakml Kviovgmsui hki hu outmrgtotko `kio @ubui g-o pmrulhgt sprgakoshbgrmtmlgo g k io moaklg

Igfkrtotko @ubuiugFmrgs Fmfrglsdmy g oig khikzgmimeg sk khiorcikxgfgigl prg-

vglo potkrlgtgg ùbmvlghktg, fozlù-sk pk prglhgpgui:@ubui k igfkr. Ohkst `ghtml oùhk m hmapiktork lkhksorocgraogkg iug @gmlgsgk, borui hmfmor`k io @ualkzku prgl gkrorbgk,hork, iuotl skls ofsmiut, or cg ikegtgaot otgtu`glko `k stplhmlòalot`k Altugtmrui Iuh. 66, 6;-634 Ah. ?>, 06-00: ltr-o`kvr, òh

gkrorbgo or cg hko hork `borui, or kxgsto m stplgrk o oprmopkiughk or putko cg luagtpk rkpt huvlt fglkcohkrk tihugrko Xcltu-iug Pkmcgioht lk rkoagltktk lshrpgrko `k hglstgrg g gufgrko`k ltgktg kstk iuhru pelksh.

@mor l puglk rlùrg, Altugtmrui o vmrfgt `k aog aorksou aog aghl Fgskrgho Xo, `k cgkhork òt, porhpull` io imhui

kg gkrorbgo vzuthork urao ssk losh, ho g hua or cg glut hutmt `glo`glsui s-g hmltrozghvggtmorkik hotkbgsak: `ksprk Gmolhki rkpt g aog aork kht tmg moaklgg spulk hkro hki aog aghl aprgk Aot. ??, ??, l tgap hk ksprk aogho Xo, sgleuro lkltrk-hutl hurgk `k Fmtkztmr, iso, tmtug, ssk lkikoehg pu-tko cg aoghl ohkkog asurho g ulgg hork g ortou gufgrko co`k Ki prgl oshuitorko huvltuiug Iug g pzgrko iug Iuh. ??, 62.

o@upkxprksgo prgltkiug Gmol G. Ghjr.


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06

iuòfgi= Pmt ki rspul`k: Euvkrlorko kro aog igfkrl tgapuiju`khtmrgimr, hl` pmpmrui sk hmlùhko sgleur g i rkhulmtko`mor pk @ualkzku `rkpt rkek, gor pulkrko rkegimr o vklgt aog

trzgu, `gl prmprgo imr lkhuektork. @k ohkko, rkvklgl` io storkockrghgt, prmagtk hvo glstgtug lu rkeg, hg ju`khtmrg, `ruglù-ikhkko hk kstk igfkr. Gorg, spulk hik pulk oiturg lu pk ltgstt-tmr, hg pk sctugtmr. Hhg rkekiug g kstk prmprgu sik pmrulhkoshhkimr hmlùg, gor scktlghuiug, s-g hmlvgle`ksprk hkik cmimsg-tmork pk hkg sctugg. @ualkzku ik cohk `khg fglk hu scktlghg, òrlu ik ` outmrgtg, aog mfskrv Xc. Sosgik, rkhmaol`l`, lcgloi, hikrghgimr s rkvgl io hmapmrtoakltui g`koi, `k scktlghg,

pkltru o sk oskalo ostcki g kg kvolebkigtgimr g prmckgimr.l rlùgoio kshrgs k Hikaklt Vmaolui, hikrghui lu kro,

tmtug, ul sctugtmr, `kvrkak hk lghg ki lu ohhkpto scot (hmlsgigua)`kht `k io oig hikrghg, pk hl` `k io ioghg prgako `mor hmlsga-alt hmlsklsus.

Vkeoigtotko spgrgtuoi

Pmt Xc. Sosgik aog spulk hpmpmruiug lu g sk prmagt l-tgstttmrg ltruht, ùpvklgrko o`kvrotuiug Vkek, lghg rkeo-igtotko lu aog ork ohkkog voimork. ltr-o`kvr, hbgpui iug@ualkzku, ùphork maui o cmst hrkot, kro ul hbgp `k rkek prksupull` stplgrko o tmt paltui Coh. ?, 63-62(tihugrko uzu-oiprgl rogmloigtotk kstk khbgvoiklt, rogulko cggl` opolojui

rkekiug suprkaui ju`khtmr, hbkaot s aport `rkptotko).Puturmr moaklgimr, ovl`, `gl hrkogk, hbgpurg `k rkeg g rkeglk,ik o`k fglk hu hmrmolk pk hop, lsotulhg hl` kg `kvgl hrktglgrkeoigtotko imr sk ohtuoigzkoz`kpigl. ^k rkeg, ho g pk uratmrggiug Brgstms, lmfikko lu g prsktk l lghgm gpmstoz. Kg tgu sogfg igpsg fkiue Cgi. 0, ?6, l sakrklgo imr k ltmt`koulo imh k`kalgtotk, gor ruglko imr g ruglkozpk vrjaog hbgor aog auit`kht siovo imr. Sk`ka hcgui rgsgpgtmr, srohui Iozr, pmctksh,

òr tmtug lu hkr Iuh. ?;, ??-864 ?3, ?7-8?, hhg l-oa vzut pk hki `rkpthkrl` pglk. Hua vkg zghk suciktuiug aku Aut-tk l aulg,


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02

`kht luakik phgg g lghg m mstklkoilu k prko aork `k `roeuikg arturgsko, ltr-m kpgstmi, prgktklui su, Xc. Sosgik.

@ohul hmlùhtmr kstk ru l hkko hk prgvktk hrk`glo,cuegg `k ki, mhmigg-i, hbgor òhor cg ul lekr hmfmrt `gl hkr.@or òhkstk ru suf ospkhtui purtrgg, lslu prmpmvùgktkrui, otulhg lu pmotk prghglug lgalug lghg m poeufspgrgtuoi,orto Gmol Brgsmstma l Magiggikio Kvrkg. Doimagrms lkikek lsprgl ru l hkko hk prgvktk hrk`glo pk gkrorbui hork g osuaiketurg hu krktghgg. Pkakrko iug kstk hotulhg hl` tmg kpgshm-pgg vmr cohk oo, hrk`glhgmgg or putko slu ogfhurojui `k o

lu-g urao: Pmg vmr trkfug slkikoeotulhg hFgskrgho lu kohmim ul`k pork o cg. Fgskrghgik imr vmr cg piglk `k moaklg, òrFgskrgho lu vo ovko lghgm iketurhu ohkg moaklg, pkltru hFgsk-rgho kstk ohmim ul`k kstk o`kvrui. Hkg hork glvmhgkrorbgo lcovmorko `ksprgrgg (l vgrtutko olotkakimr `k io ?>;0), lu sultio cki `k imgoig kg g hl` k vmrfo `k rg`ghorko, l ?73;, o ohkimrogolotkak ekstui hork o cmst, tmtug, `mor ul prga pos pk hoiko

rkoprmpgkrgg.Opmstmigg ou tgut hvo cg hkortl jurui luakiug kpgshmpg-

imr, k sgeur Hikaklt Vmaolui. Gor Gkrmlga, oskall`suhhksgulko opmstmigh hu hko oormlgh, ovkrtgzo h l mrghkfrkosi, ltmt`koulo hkg rg sk oakstkh prgltrk hkg fulg. Kihmlsg`kro rspulsui òr `k mrotmrui @magtgus aprotuiug Vm-akg @k hk salhbgl gk ho ulug aprot, k vrkak hk tu luahglstktg ho sklotmr= voiofgi g l prgvglo kpgshmpgimr: ohk-tgo trkfugk s-g hglstkoshpk prkmgg imr, òhvmr scgk hglstgg gkg ho kpgshmpg, kxpigho Ckrghgtui, lkohhkptl` hmapmrtoakltui`k stpl oi gkrorbgimr, hg `mor pk hki `k prkmt. l ulkik Fgskrghgs-o iuot ul urt mfghkg, ho prkmgg s lu huvltkzk l cookpgshmpgimr, ho g hua ohktgo or cg ekimg sou l-or vmg soshuitk,mfskrvo ki, ortl` h siovo kpgshmpgimr trkfugk s cgk tmhaog

lkikphgulko prkmgimr imr.


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Lgagh lu `kzfglaog auit Fgskrgho `kht pmcto `k st-plgrk g lgagh lu-I supr aog auit pk @ualkzku `kht`kzfglorko Fgskrghgg, hhg hbgor òh vma svrg iuhrurgik hkik

aog `ksvrgtk, otulhg hl` scgka ulgtotko lmostr vma cgpk`kpsgg ho g hl` oa scgo trupui @maluiug, ovkrtgzoBrgsmstma l Magiggik io Kcksklg.

[lgg hikrghg coh m agz ùbmvlghkosh `gl struhturgik `kltgktotk oik hmlcksgulgimr imr `gltr-m rvl ikegtga pkltrusuciktkik imr g oik pstmrggimr oskaklg uhklghuiug gufgt oiAltugtmruiug, hork g mprko pk hkg hork lu akrekou hu opmstmiggAorh. 7, 82. @ohoa iuo lsl skrgms huvgltkik Xcltuiug Xgakml lhktog saog spulkg h@ubui Xclt pmotk cg pmskòt l hbgpglhmltgklt , `gsputkik gltkrhmlcksgmloik pk tkao gkrorbgkg(siujgrko borgsaotghprgl kxhkikl, ùpSoioam) g-or pgkr`kgak`got mrghk skls tkmimegh. Cmrauikik `k ltgktotk, mrght `kgapmrtoltk pkltru amùi `k oàglgstrork o Fgskrghgg-glstgtugk,lu trkfugk s`kvglul mfstohmi l hoiko ulgtgg Fgskrghgghmrp

brgstgh! Io Hmlhgigui Sotghol GG s-o vzut hlghg ahor meao gl-cogigfgigtgg popkg lu o putut apgk`gho stròlggik sprk ulgtotk:rkpulkrko l `gshugk o `khgzggimr `meaotghk oltkrgmork g, kvkl-tuoi, luolorko imr l `grkhgo o`kvruiug hmaul ral akrkupmsgfgik.

Ekstui k rktroekrk gl shoului potrgorboi oi iug Ergemrgk kLozgolz k hrgtghot ozg `k ulgg òshig `k tkmimegk, hork v` l ki

sifghgulk g igps`k skrgmzgtotk, ltr-ul amaklt hl`, io Xglm-ùi GG Khuaklgh, trkfugo aog fglk sfothu pualui l aoso.@gl leùglo iug @ualkzku, vk`ka, pk `k oit portk, pkshoulkik opmstmighk, moaklg hork ou isot prko pugl pkltrukikAot. ?7, 65, hork lu prgaksh mhoro l`mgtGs. 3?, 5 gl portko iuagg go sgloemegg, l shbgafui pgktrkg hkikg k aork prk Aot. ?8, 034 G ktr. 6, 3,

o

Hua hrk`ko vklkrofgiui prmcksmr `k Gstmrgk FgskrghkoshEbkmrebk@reuigl.


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Arturgo amlobgsauiug

Hglk hgtktk huvgltkik Xhrgpturgg g ik apiglktk ùpprmprgo hulmtglg sksprgjglpk sglk l o spulk hoo trkfugk lu hulmotk siovo iug @ualkzku gfmego Iug. @or hki hk hgtktk g zghk: lu tgu, sult ma ` siov iug@ualkzku, gor fmego iug @ualkzku imhugktk l ki.

Ovvo Gsogo

Hbkaorko aprgkg

Opmstmigg pikhou `gltr-ul imh ltr-oitui, pstrlù-glktgrfgtoutmrgtotko osupro hmaulgtgimr imhoik. Hl` kg lu ouaog cmst, gor borgsakik ou lhktot, ho trafgkik pk Xglog Gk. ?7, ?8,

auigako s-o putut oprmpgo k aultkik Fgskrghgg. Hrktglgsaui,fgrugtmr, gltro ltr-m lmukpmh, m oltghoakro scrgtuiug iuagg.Hotkbuaklgg lu aog krou shmg ocor k io igturebgk, ho m`glgmor,hg, gapmtrgv, ltrk ospgrolgg io giuaglork lu aog kro imh pkltrutrgtmrgg kg outkltghg. Cròrurgik opmstmighk g crvrkul oit imhul`k saog cg vkstgt kvolebkigo, prgagg amlobg ou pikhot g kgltr-ul oit imh ohksto lkaogputl` cg `kht pustgo. îkhorkoimr kro a

rturgo òt

iuagg h

, l vkohui ohksto, vghtmrgo Fgskrghgg

lu kro, tmtug, ulo `kpigl.

Mroui k goùi, sgleurtotko k rogui, spulko Gkrmlga.Ful iuhru k pustgo g sgleurtotko hl` vrka ssta `k vmrfhu @ualkzku, iuò g Gmol Brgsmstma igaolui hki iglgtgt.Pmtug, pkltru ltkakgktmrgg amlobgsauiug, pustgo lu kro ul imhspkhgoi ul`k @ualkzku kro aog prkzklt `kht l oitportk

hua pork slkikoeCimrmvsdg , hg `kstglogo sprk hork g alo`roemstko `k @ualkzku hko hork kro ulo hu `roemstko `k sk-


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Ckhgmrgo ho òr

Vocogi Lmgho ocgrao, lu kauit, ltr-ul gshurs ksprk hbk-

aorko amloboi: Hu ott aog aork trkfugk s cgk pioto akoohua, hl` ku sult amlob, l tgap hk otgo l jurui aku lu sultlghg ahor hrktglg, hg otkg `khiorog! Mfskrvogo or cg voiofgi, `koitcki, hu tkmimegg o hrmr hmaulghork sk imvktk ho `k ul zg` `kgl`gckrklo smhgktgg skhuiorgzotk. Pmtug, mork s lu cgk tmt mmhor, pkltru ul cueor, opmstozgo iuagg pk hork m iosl ura=Lu g igpsktk ko ekstui `k mrghk voimork prmcktgh, islù-i `morhu hmlmtogo paltkosh, o ulug `kcktgsa cr eimrgk= ltr-miuak hork lu aog ork rkspkht pkltru hrk`gl, amlobgsaui, troguicrpule Iuh. 66, 8;-83pmotk cg io cki `k lkpmtrgvgt ho ul pos `k`kcgiork l ftogo cmhuiug, ho m orulhork o arergtorkimr logltkopmrhgimr Aot. 5, 3, ho m gkgrk io hap hu Hogl Coh. 0, 2. @ualkzku g-omprgt `k io ohkostoflkeogk pk @ovg` hki hu aglgik ptotk `kslek G ôr. 62, 8, pk `kamlgzotui taùgt l agjimhui pelgimrAorh. ;, ?7, pk gsrokiggg rmfgg l Fofgiml Gkr. 67, 3, gor ovki otklgmlo h

ckhgmrgo kstk `mor o hkimr stplg pk vmgo imrG Hmr. 5, 85

.

Oo hua gkrorbgg sk rkvkl`gh`k io opmstmig `kg l vgoo`k zg hu zg lu-g orot ltmt`koulo ohkost oshkl`kl `k ioprgagg cueorg l pustgk sk rkvkl`ghozg m ltrkoeglstgtugk. Goròh, glggoi, amlobgsaui prkvkstko scrgtui iuagg, k auitvrkak k hl` sk prkvkstktk scrgtui amlobgsauiug lsug. lh

`gl ôtkrgh, glvozgo hmpggimr, o trmporkimr g o hltrgimragrklktg o l ak`ggik amlostghk kro `kshrgs `rkpt skal oipustggrgg `k pk uraf. Moaklg ùbmvlghktg `k io Lkoa souHkrlgho vmrfkou g kg, l vkohurgik aog rkhkltk, k gaglkltui scr-gt oi ohkstkg tro`ggg. @ubui, sk pork, lu hbkoal pustgk hu tgtiu`kcglgtgv.

oGfg`ka, Xgiuol, ?8.fGfg`., Aohorgk, ;.


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Sk`ka ozg pk ulgg amlobg hutl` ckhgmrgo, rktroekrko g ig-lgtgrko ho pk lgtk vgrtug voiofgik gl`kpkl`klt `k Brgstms `kcopt, l luakik ulug cois Brgstms oi pustgkg Aot. 60, 63. Hbkaorko

amloboik limhugthu sgapiui kltuzgosa juvklgi, gor gsgbosauiCgimhoigkg(l Vmalgo, mpkrigvrkshoihtugt k ul pgms coagigst)kro `mhtrglo `k io hork ohkst kltuzgosa ovko lkvmgk ssk rkvkl-`ghk. Hkg hork akre io alstgrk ho ssk afultkosh ostckilu coh kht ssk lkik pk kg g pk oigg: lu k m vgrtutk rkoiscueg`k iuak pkltru o gagto pk hglkvo (ulkik mr`glk amloboik opu-sklk pmortluakik ltkakgktmrgimr g hbgor g io lmg sk lta-piohkiog iuhru, òr aog pugl mcghgoi), prglhgpgui amlobgsauiug

cggl` tmhaog hki oi igfkrtgg, oi sporekrgg holmolkimr hu vglui hkilmu oi @ubuiug Aot. 7, ?5.

@k copt, ^rglgg sult oikg `k auitk mrg oikg ho am`kiktmhaog pkltru hkko hk ou kg gckrgt k @malui. @k io Gmol Xhro-rui, ulgg lkike hou lkvmgk pkltru altugrk `mor `k ul ao-luoi-shorpkltru otglekrko lkptgagrgg. CrBrgstms ls, mrghkostcki `k shor k ufrk`, fo, prgl ofsmiutgzork, sk pmotk

trolscmrao l ohko oit kvolebkigk, pk hork m olotkagzoOpmstmiui Eoi. ?. 2.

Amlobgg gagtotmrg, hork, hua prkvklko ôtkrghuio , goutrmporkik `rkpt brolo hko tork g smhmtksh lkalhorko `khorlk ho pk m horlk ùbmvlghkoshG Hmr. 8, 6, pmt cohk mrghtk igturebggvmgksh (`k oitcki, tgpghui alstgrksh k, poro`mxoi, aog hmapikt`kht hki iogh g surso ohkstugo l tgap hk prgagg hiuerg luovkou fgskrghg)4 oitòt lu or cg cmst prgagg io Igturebgohrk`glhgmgimr, hhg prulhgo imr ùbmvlghkosh k o ulmrhotkbuaklg strglg `k @ubui ^rglgimr.

Xtu`gui iug Gmollgs Zgzgmuios `ksprk Kuborgstgk lk-o ortotht `k erku k `k justgcghot tkmimegh m culhgk uzuoi l Fgskrghprkhua prkmgo: prkrmeotgvo kg k o mcghgo kuborgstgo, kg pork k

oôtkrgh, ôavm, ?;.


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;7

sga: lgagh k aog strgl k hiuergk kht aulho k hotkbgzork opmpmruiug.

Aog oiks ùpghmlmhiosa, tmtug, m tmt aog aork hmlcuzgko lhkput ssk glsglukzk ltrk amlobgsa g prkmgk. l tgap hkprkmgg sk rkvkl`ghou `k io purgtotko amlobgimr, prkiulù-ikboglkik iuleg, hiuergg apruautou hkvo `gl mcghgui prkmgimr `kvklgl` ul cki `k prkmg `k roleui oi `mgiko. [lgg ou ojuls hutgapui hbgor io ofsurò sgtuogk `k oikek alstgrko tmhaog lshmpui `k o-g cmimsg pk oigg, hmlsg`krlù-sk aog rkspmlsofgig `kaltugrko iuagg prgl ohkosthoigtotk `k amlobg. Xult ulgg hork

sk bmtrsh strgoshl ckhgmrgk lu pkltru cruauskko ckhgmrgkg,hg ho sorotk `kscrlogimr hkg trgksh l ckhgmrgk, `kshrgo Xc.Gmol Brgsmstma ohkosthuiak o lkfulgkg. K stglebkrgtmr svkzgostcki `k lvtmrg outmglstgtugg tghsgl` alstgrgik, `k ul`k luaog pmg huapro ozg lghg m iualork cro prgag gak`got g magimstklgk suciktkosh. Gkrmlga aog oagltko `k mfghkguirg`ghmi oi ohkimr amlobg hork, lòthk afrgkozpustgo, sk

opuhgak`got `k shrgs

Sk`krko ubmvlghkosh g khuaklgsaui

Hbrgstms Wolloros susglko hio Hmlsgigui Aml`goi oi Fg-skrghgimr trkfugk trgagg ho rkprkzkltolg, l imh k tkmimeg oho`k-aghgklg, amlobg prmfofgi or cg spus ohkiog iuhru `ksprkHmagsgo agxt mrtm`mxm-hotmigh, ul`k sult `kskalog sportghgpk, `k mfghkg, prmcksmrg ulgvkrsgtorg. @or sgapiui stotut `kamlob lu rkprkzglt m eorolgk, hhg orto Xgakml LmuiPkmime oo hua lu boglo i cohk pk smiòt, hg orakik, pk amloblu i coh vkagltkik iuleg, hg orakik ùbmvlghktg.

@oh sk pmotk vmrfg `k m vgrtutk spkhgcgh o amlobgimr,ohkosto kstk, pmtrgvgt iug Oltmlgk hki Aork, `gshkrlaltui. Cr

ki, oshkzo imr ralk, `k oitcki, lkapiglgt. Ki kstk, l ohkiogtgap, m lml-vgrtutk: lu sk pmotk asuro l zgik `k pmst, l olg


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lgtotk. Hiuerui hork shbgafohkostmr`glk ork glgao hurg-mos g cmortk rmfgt, spulk ohkiog Gsogo, hhg, l tgap hkpilsui pkltru photk oùhk pohk, gshm`grko Xhrgpturgg lotk

ùalgk g hkort. Oa lvot Xhrgpturo pk `k rmst, sk fu-huro ul tlr `gl ôtkrgh. Og uapiut vzùbui `k huvgltk, krorspulsui prgagt, l imh `k iou`, `k io ul ftrl afultgt.Amlobgg lmvghg krou sctugg akrku s kvgtk ju`khorko, hork ikcohk ru g imr g oitmro: Lu v okzog io vmrf iule, lghg iohuvgltk `ksprk @ualkzku, hhg vmrfo hko auit`k gshm`grkpkltru ùalkzkgrk g hgtgrko hko hu auithkrhork o huvgltkimrpkltru hrk`gl usuh iohrgagik g emlksh `k io ma uagiglo.

^kltru Sorsolucgk, o`kvroto hrk`gllu stl o rmstg g o vkstghu euro, hg sk orotùpvgl`khork, pk hl` gshuggik meao-tghk l hmltro`ghtmrgu ou agzk coisk. Ovvo Xmsgpotru rkspgleko hubmtrrk tmotk pmikaghgik pk aoreglko hbgpuiug ùalkzkgksh lma: Ohksto lu k krks, hg prmstgk o oalùrmro. Hhg kstk hulkputglo cg prghkput iuhrui ohksto `k tmotzg`grko, kxpk`goohkst ekl `k prmfikak pustlghui.


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GGGG..GGllccooggiiggffggiiggttoottkkoogguuffggrrgggg


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Kvolebkigo rkspusFgskrghgg

Gustgl mpmvghg g hmaporo pk opusklgg k ostzg, hork lu ou`k el` s o`mptk Mrtm`mxgo, hu gu`kgg Lmuiug Pkstoaklt smhmtgl`u-g hbgor aog torg io hkrfghk. @or or cg hmlsg`krot,

prmfofgi, `kpiosot hmaporogo ltrk Xgloeme g hrktglggprovmsiovlghg Pmtug, ohktgo krou tkraklgg l hork Grglku `kIyml ju`kho Fgskrgho vrkagg soik: Xcltui oagltko, ho prmtmtgp oishbgsakimr skhmiuiug oi GG-iko, `kzfglorko `gltrk Gsroki g Gu`o.Hmaporoggik l ohkosthbkgk sult akrku utgik Fgskrghgg.

Aorkik Corgsku

[lgg kvrkgg susgl hluakik corgskgimr, pkruga (pkrgoyo, loroaogh), vglk `k io ro`ghoiuip(b)oro, o kxpigho (`khg kg sult hkghu kxpighorko), tmtug auig fgfigtg i ikoe, aog hmrkht, `kro`ghoiui p(b)oros, o `gvgzo, hork ork g oitk vorgoltk oprmpgotk hocmrag skls (lskall` o rupk): poroq,poros,poro(`k io uitgauivglk, `k oicki, g luakik stramuiug @maluiug, Corks Coh. 82, 67,`ksprk hork Gmol Eur`k Our spulko hsgafmigzkozpmpmrui

kvrku). Sk`ka, l Xhrgptur, hcorgskgg krou hkg horkiuou l skrgmspmrulho Ikegg @k hk kstk lkhurot slu votglekgIkv. ??, 24 GG Hmr. 3, ?5, vgrtu-tko imr `kcglgtmrgk cggl` skpororko `k phtmg g `k lk-gu`kg.Otgtu`glko imr m rkesga l rkaorho corgskuiug: Ohksto, `k or cgprmmrmh, or tg hckakgo hork sk otglek k Kikstk phtmos Iuh. 5, 87.Mprgrko lsmgrgg hu hkg `k oit lkoa lu ovko m justgcghork pur kt-lgh, logmloigst, hg aog oiks ul tkakg rkigegms: kg tk vmr ofotk k

io hrk`gl, kxpigho Amgsk

@kut.

5, 0

, l tgap hk strglgg hmlvkrtgg ioamzogsa krou trotog l ohkiog cki ho gu`kgg lotgvg.


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Vmiui corgskgimr o cmst pmzgtgv l pkrgmoò Aohofkgimr, gorstrghtkko hu hork kg g rkspkhtou krksui kro, l sglk, iuòfgi:otulhg hl`, io prmprgo ju`khot, Xcltui ôvki oùhk vmrfo `k

pulhtkik `k `mhtrgl hork g `ksprkou `k soùhbkg, kg sor iohkortl oprorko imr, ugtl` `k mrghk oithkvo Copt. 68, 54 l prktmrguirmaol lu gltrou, ho slu sk spurhk, lghg ahor pkltru o-I prpk Brgstms Gmol ?2, 62.

Brgstms lsug rspul`k, io rlùi Iug, ohuzkimr pk horkXgaml (corgskui io hork alho) G ik oùhk l el` pkltru otglek-rko phtmoskg, justgcghlù-Xk Iuh. 5, 0?-05g rkhulmshl` h iug g

gkrtosk aog pugl. Hl`, oshulsl auigak, m ckakgk hu hurekrk`k slek `khg lkhurotIkv. ?;, 6; l`rzlktk ssk oprmpgk `kKi, ltrkofskvkr: Hglk s-o otgls k Aglk= Iuh. 2, 0;Lu tk otglek`k Aglk! k prkvklgtg Aorgo Gmol 6>, ?5ùplvgkrk g ohkostokro lkhurot, ùpIkek, tgap `k optk zgik ùpotglekrko ulugtrup amrt Lua. ?7, ??, hua cusksk, hu o`kvrot, hbgor oi Iug òr Xkios, tmtug, otgls `k Pmao o mpto zg Gmol 6>, 65.

Hkik aog cruamosk iou`k ik-o ovut Ggsus pkltru hkg hork,vzlù-I oo hua kro, ho ul Aork Corgsku, hglstkou l Kiguògsaui. Xutouiug hork, otrgfuglù-G ohkst cki `k o el`g, imprko, spull`: lu sult vrk`lgh sgltrg suf ohmpkrgui aku, grspul`k oprmfotmr: lghg l Gsroki l-oa esgt otto hrk`gl- Iuh. 5, 74 pk hko hork o`mpto igafojui rgemrgtgimr rkckrgtmr iohololkklg: Hglggallh`gl cragturgik hmpggimr m iou`,spullù-g: M, ckakgk, aork kstk hrk`glo to!, g g apiglktkmrghk `mrglAot. ?;, 6?-62.

Hglstko pk hork moaklgg m ``kou krksuiug corgskgh, smhm-tgl` h ostcki i sivksh pk @ualkzku, lu k hmlòalot `kAltugtmrui cggl`, gl`grkht, o`rksotIug. Corgskgimr lu ik krorkprmotlghg sgapio rvl skporotgst, hg `mor hkko hk ik aogigpsko: ^k ohkstko trkfugo sik cohkg g pk ohkiko slu ik isogAot. 68, 68

, spulko Brgstms, Hork rkspkhto ott k strght rkeuigik, lht


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mstkltotgv, frfgik g cgiohtkrggik Aot. 68, ;. ^rgl coisui huroj `k ohrtg crspkrolk apmtrgvo ulug rkega skhuiorgzolt kg ortou hju`khou uptrup Gmol 2, ?;g hurou portko gl ocoro poboru-

iug

Aot. 68, 6;

, rvlo imr rall` ofsur`. Hua sk chko h@ualkzku lu ltrko, pkltru scglklgo imr, Gsrokiui= Hu oro`gvgzot g stplgt `k strglg, hu trmlui iug @ovg` g prkmgooormlgh uzurpotk, putkou kg mork lcgou apmtrgvgrko imrckakgosh `rkpt rspulsui @ualkzkuiug otmtputkrlgh=lcglù-sk pk sglk `rkpt siujgtmrg og iuaglgg GG Hmr. ??, ?0, ohktgjoilghg lvtmrg sk purtou lk`kal l luakik Ikegg gvglk. Aoxg-aoigsaui hu hork m uhg`kou pk smgo oùitkrGmol 2, ;, kro susglut,

ofgo aoshot k porovolui hmaolòakltkimr fgfighk Ikv. 6>, ?>4 @kut. 66, 66,`mor k gafmiùi imr hrgagloi ot cggl` hIkeko lu hkrko ohkstekl `k rvl. Skrsgulgik vkhbg oik Kvolebkigkg lk spul hBrgstms ik-o shrgs tuturmr photkik pk lgsgp, gor ohuzotmrgg ou òtfgr hu cueggg hl` ou vzut hckakgo or cg trkfugt uhgsuitgao hhg rkpgg vrkaurgimr k opmstozgk sult, k rkeui, hki aog puglhurog l coo hkiug Otmtvztmr.

l am` poro`mxoi, krksui corgskgimr kro l ohkiog tgap hkiaog oprmopk g hki aog `kportk `k @ualkzku. Altugtmrui gcmimsktk ho tkrakl k hmaporogk pkltru uhklghgg Iug: rkptotkoohkstmro trkfugk sprgsmskosh co`k o ohkimro Aot. ;, 6> pkl-tru h`gckrklo hko aog gapmrtoltltrk kg trkfugk scgk `k mr-`gl amroi. Xc. Gmol Eur`k Our lsspulk hlmg hrktglgg, `kauitk mrg, lu `mor h g gagta, hg g g ltrkhka pk corgskg `l` ul kxkapiu hmlhrkt: Glsuig pmstui, òhvrkg spmstktgho stk oàgrk phtmgg g hkg hork lu pmstksh! Hrk`glo hrk-tglsk `kigagto `k corgskgsa prgl ohko `rkptotk apmtrgvo Ik-egg, l tgap hk tkltogo prmzkigtgsauiug sgapigst, rkùs iokltuzgosaui co `k `mhtrgl, ralko putkrlgh. Ohktgo vrvlksh, òr lu hu el` ful, hg vmr sv`ksport, ho s-g gufggpk kg, ltruht pmctksh ho vmg svtgog aprkjur, ho ssk io-

u`k kg ltru horlko vmostr krou prkvklgg eoiotklgg Eoi.0, ?54 3, ?8.Mfsksgo pkltru htgeorko `k prmzkigg o lvtmrgimr coig o cmst


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hmlòalot k Altugtmrui: Sog vmu, corgskgimr, hlhmljurogaorko g ushotui ho scohkg ul uhklgh, gor hl` o ojuls, i cohkgcgu oi Ebkklkg l`mgt `kht vmg Aot. 68, ?;.

Eoigikkolui

l Eoigikko, tkrgtmrgui hu pmpuiogk oakstkhot, ul`k kvrkgghmlvgkugou hu pelgg, corgskgsaui lu sk putko aolgcksto lpiklgtu`glko iug. @k ohkko, corgskgg ortou hu `kektui sprk imhuihork ik hmltrozghko g`kmimego (hbgor g Lotologi, gsrokigtui crvghikue, sk l`mgo h`k ohmim pmotk cg hkvo ful Gmol ?, 03-05) g,hu mrghk mhozgk, hutou spull kvg`klprsgrko iug `k htrk@ualkzku: g vk`ka glvmhl` l ohkst skls g amortko vgmiklto ulmr moaklg Iuho ?8, 0, `mor h tkmrgo ik k glcgraot `kAltugtmrui, orotl` hio Gkrusoiga sk ltapiou ohkiog ekl `kiuhrurg ostcki h ohrgfgo imr lu ovko lghgul prk logltko iug@ualkzku.

Moaklgg iug @ualkzku `gl Skhbguiug Pkstoaklt ou tgutltmt`koulo shmlvgkugoshhu pelgg, `k copt lu putko pgkrgprmmrmh kht l Gkrusoiga Iuh. ?8, 88. Ovrooa oo hua glkou soagltkoshtkcol g ovki Copt. 5, 64 Kvr. ??, 7 trgo ltrk strglg4 Gohmvrkspgleko algo cggimr iug pkltru lkhglstgrko @glkg ltrk pelgCoh. 07, 5g sk sk juro aprkulhu Iofol, cgkhork pk @ualkzkui iugCoh. 8?, ;84 Gktrm, prkmtui g`miotru gl Ao`gol, ovko aog aork trkhkrk

logltko iug Amgsk

Gk. 6, ?34 ?2, 5

pkskalk, g logltko iug @ualkzku `kht gsrokiggg hork lu krou lùpikhog `k lkluarotkik Iugskalk. Altugtmrui ik spulko kvrkgimr prohtgholg `gl Lozorkt,hsgrgolui Lkkaol g vùvo sg`mlgolhou cmst aog fulg `khthmlogmloigg imr l vrkako iug Gigk g Kigskg Iuh. 0, 6;-65. Hrkshut Kilsug l Eoigikko, Ggsus g rktrgagtk ohmim g pk opmstmig ùplvgkrk, pkltru o-g pktrkhk prgltrk pelg prgakik zgik oik lmggimr vgkg g ostcki sshopk `k tuifurorko g `k auito crgh`gl

portko gu`kgimr, hua tihugktk Xc. Pkmcgioht.


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spkhuioggimr imr tkmrktghk, `kht ksklo pmrulhgimr kg Aot. 68, 68,aog kxpighfgfigstui.

Opmstmigg g prgagg uhklghg sk fuhurou `k lvgkrk l PkapiuIuh. 60, ;8

, hhg hrktglgsaui lu kro, io lhkput, `kht m otgtu`glk`kshbgsl ho`rui guògsauiug, hork lslu sk ktoo hu lgagh l`mhtrgl: g ostzg, sgleurui kikaklt `gl Hrkz hork or putko cgluagt `mhtrglor hki rkckrgtmr io lvgkrko amrgimr kstk hmaulg gu`kgimr. @meakg hkltroik o hrktglgsauiug, Prkgako, lu g sk vrkm gapmrtolspkhgoil Xhrgpturg, l ohtkik aortgrghk sou lshrgkrgik prgagimr hrktglg, gor Xgafmiui k hrk`gl mor m glùhk,cr sm `kcglkosh: Cgui kstk `kmcggl hu Poti, l tgap hk

@ubui kstk aprkullhbglot hu Poti g Cgui. Ohkostiau-rgrk lk`kpigl orot h lu `kcglgggik hork ou prkmhupot ulkikkpmhg aog trzgg, oik mfgkhtgvgzrgg ulkg rkigegg o`mptotk g `kstot, cmraou l sglk agzo spgrgtuoio altugrgg hu ott aog pu-gl o hbkargg hkimr `gl ocor. Aog auit `kht prgltr-m `mhtrglsgstkaotgh, prmpmvùgrko hrktglsk `kcglko, mrgeglor, prgltr-mùfi kigagtork: ovki, hrturorui hu lvtur ksprk aprgo

hkrurgimr, shmtko gl vgstgkrgo iug vkhbg glmgAot. ?8, ;6

, prmpmvùgl`Copt. ?2, ?2 hkvo: lvgkrko hu tmotk hkik ikeotk `k ko (kxgstklo iug@ualkzku g ju`khoto `k opmg o coptkimr fulk g rkik) g pkHglkvo:pk Brgstms (hrk`glo l Brgstms cggl` hko hork ``ko sklsg l`kj`gg l lvgkrk, ohkosto cggl` mrgtg otkptotho m rkvolo iug Brgstms, Hki hork rstmorl sgtuoggik pgkrùtk, pkltru o`malg l luakik Potiug l pius, cggl` g ceùgt`k GgsusAot. ?8, 084 Iuh. 6>, 82

). ^rgl hkik vkhbg, prgvgl` lvgkrko amrgimr,hrktglgg sk `gstolou `k pelgsa, gor prgl hkik lmg, prgvgtmorkio Brgstms, k gu`kgg hu luakik. Brgstms lu o ikpòt Ikeko khtpkltru o-g opro o`kvrui, otulhg hl` corgskgg sk ikpòu `k Kiho `k pgotro `k sagltkoi Gs. 62, ?34 Vma. 7, 88 g tmotk aglulgik Iugovkou m hmapmlklt sholòimos, prgl hork sk `gsmhgo `kguògsaui supkrcghgoi. Ikeko gltkrzghko otglekrgik `k amrg g sg-hrgk, gor Brgstms lu lvgo pk lgaklg logltk `k o-i otglek io cki,

hu oig lkhurog: ckakgo hu hurekrk `k slek, ikprmgg gphtmgg. Sgl`kho safto, opmg i trgagtko pk mrf ssk spkik


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tmhaog io Xgimoa, hl` gu`kgg lu ovkou vmgk scohaog auit `k6>>> k pog. lg ktru-Xotolos-o sagltgt k Ki Aot. ?3, 86, huek-tl` hkik oik moaklgimr. Sglui lmu sporek lsfurùcurgik vkhbgIuh. ;, 65

, gor @ubui, sofgo hu `mutgurg, oùhk, l imh `k pohk,`kzfglork Aot. ?>, 80. g hua slu cgk ostcki, htvrkak Ikeko l-sg k m glstgtugk o ofsklkg iug @ualkzku g, ltr-ul cki, msakrgrk o Iug, pkltru cmimsui tkapmror oi moaklgimr= Mork prk-zklo Iug lkagjimhgt sk putko aolgcksto rkspkhtl` ohkikogvkhbg g suprtmork cmraoigsak=

Hrktglgg lu ou rkspgls otglgik prglgimr pkltru o ik limhughu oitkik, zg`gl` gorg hk ou raot Eoi. 6, ?2, hg pkltru o ralk

gl`kpkl`klg co`k kik ho lgtk lsltmgg hk lu aog ou lk-vmgk `k hrjk. Vkiogo hu Prkgako, `kvklgtpmsgfgiprgl Brgstms,lu pmotk `kvklg m oittro`ggk skoh, voiofgi l sglk: ko pmotkiso l uraoagltgrg scgltk, skaglk `k lmg tro`ggg, òr ksklo kgm rkprkzglt hmltgluorko, gltkragtklt, o Vkvkiogkg hork imhu-gktk m tro`ggk-eoz`(oo hua @ubui imhugktk suciktkik moaklg-imr, lkputl` cg, tmtug, hgrhuashrgs `k ohkostiuak).

Hrktglgsaui outkltgh, ho aprtgrk `gl vgoo Prkgagg, lupmotk kxgsto gl`kpkl`klt k pkrsmolo arturgsgtmruiug, io tgapuiprkzklt g l vzui iuagg cgk g l euro ikgimr mrg l iolurg. Hglkprmpmvùgktk ul Brgstms lkropmrtot io sglk lu vkstktk huo`kvrot Kvolebkigo, hg aog `kerof hkvo `k ckiui hrturorgimrpmpmruiug Aot. 5, 67, hork sk apulou hu coptk oik oitmro GG Hmr. ?>, ?;.Altugtmrui ls lvo ho ului hork ork putkrk Aot. 2, 67 g

tmhaog l ohkosto hmlsto gckrklo gltrk lvturo lmu

Aorh. ?, 65

g guògsa, hork ovko, g ki, cmraoi, òtkik o`kvruiug. Skstgl-ù-I pk Brgstms, Fgskrgho sk vkstktk, l ohkiog tgap, pk sglk, houlo hork I-o hulmshut, prgl @ubui Vma. 2, 7siiugt io hrk`glhgmgGmol ?0, 68 lh`k io lhkput, rlùgkigik `k prklhbgpugrk lu iklhrk`glou ckakgimr, cpturgik aog siofk G ^kt. 8, 5, prmpmvùgrkoo`kvruiug l luakik ltrkegg hmaulgtg G Pga. 6, ?6, cggl` vmrfo oghgtmhaog `k m arturgk o putkrgg. ^k hl` ckakgimr, ùp hua


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spkhuio ul cgimsmco, ulkmrg lghg ktgho iuakosh lu ig sk o`rk-skoz

@kvrkak hk g hrktglui kstk ul ju`khtmr, (ou lu tgg h

scglgg vmr ju`kho iuako= spulk ôvki

G Hmr. 3, 6

), ki g pkragtk,oskaklg Altugtmruiug, slu sk go ùpju`khg o prgmrgl prg-vglo lghgulug skakl. ^motk sto oiturg `k phtmg, krktghg soupelg, hu hmltgglo lkvtaot: Smg tgg hlu sk huvglk ulugfrfot gu`ku ssk ulkoshsou ssk oprmpgk `k hkg `k oit lkoa,òr agk @ualkzku ag-o ortot s lu luaksh pk lghg ul maspurhot sou lkhurot, g kxpigho ^ktru, l coo hkimrioig opmstmig,ohkostlmuhmlùgtCopt. ?>, 624 ??, ?-?2.

oOl`rkg îku.


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aork `kht ohkosto= ltrkfo Gmol Brgsmstma `ksprk hozuihrktglgimr hork lu pmstksh, òr orot tmtug iuagg h m coh,lergjglù-sk aog auit `k zg`grko hkimrioig `kht `k prmprgo iu-

hrork. Ohktgo sult aog rg ho corlghgg g `k `mumrg corlghg,hmlòalo Xcltui otgtu`glko imr.Ohkst smcgsa oi sagltkigg (Fgskrgho-gkrorbgk k, `k fglk, `k

ru, sgleuro hork pmotk rkcmrao amrovurgik moaklgimr, lgaklglu trkfugk s-g orotk igagtrgik4 oitcki spus, o`kvrui k hkko hkspulka lmg, g lmg ovka `rkptui sspulka hkko hk vrka) kcmimsgt ozg `k htrk hkg hork sagltksh, prgl gzmiogmlgsa g ckstg-vgsa, pk hkg hork lhaog hrk` ltr-ul trup ulgh oi iug Brgstms

hbgor `glhmim `k erolgkik jurgs`ghgmloik oik hmlcksgulgimr.Orbgaol`rgtui Kpgcolgk vk`k l `goimeui gltkrhmlcksgmloi mohrmfogk prgakj`gmos, gor fikstkaotui khuaklgsa `rkptaog ru `kht mrghk krkzgk ltruht suf ki sk oshul`k lsgikpòrko horohtkruiug rkvkiot oi hrk`glkg hrktglk. Amlobuiaog ohuzhfgkgg mrtm`mhg sk sagltksh, hhg l luakik gufgrggsk lksmhmtksh holmolk g sk rstmorltro`ggg. Khuaklgsaui

prmùhk m hmlcuzgk o`lhsou mor porgoio hmltgglkg k sglko mrtm`mhgimr, sk tkak, io cki, g Wolloros. @ohhkg mg rkspglemrghk tgp `k khuaklgsa, ho prglhgpgu, otulhg imegho imr lu kstkhko o hrk`glkg. Hhg sufaglorko prkstgeguiug Fgskrghgg k prmùsg `k aglhgulo pkltru @ualkzku, suf tgrui ohuzoggimr `k ioVklotkrk lhmohk. Mork sprk oprorko iug @ualkzku hrmggaglhgulg, ltrkfo Crolhgs Fohml, hgtl` hbgor Xhrgpturo Gmv?8, 5=

Gotht `k skvkr putko cg hrgtghot`gl gltkrgmrvkhbko Fgsk-rgh: Maui ùbmvlghksh g ju`kh`k oskaklko pk chtmrgg `kshbgsak, hork sult emg `k gufgrko iug @ualkzu g g hout`morprmprgui imr cmims, g lu ulgtotko Fgskrghgg, hork pkltru amtgvkikhkik aog lkskrgmosk scgk g `ksport aorkik g sivgtui trup oi iugBrgstms g, l asuro l hork ik st l putgl, g oùh amortko4hork vmrfksh `k pohk g iuhrkoz rzfmgui g, hu o`kvrot, strk-hmorlorui g lebgt hagio Aot. 68, 60, hhg lu pmotk vklg `k io kg

lghgm rkcmra, pk asuro ruiug chut k shbgsa shrgo Grglku


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`k Iyml, ortl` hiuhrtmrgg shbgsakimr vmr cg ju`khog io cki hog hkg hork sult l ocoro o`kvruiug, o`ghl ocoro Fgskrghgg.

Hgtotkik `k ohkst cki sult crkhvkltk g io oig Xcglg ^rglg.

Lu ovka, mork, ul ulgh @ualkzku, ul ulgh Brgstms g ul ulgh@ub oi boruiug, hork o cmst rkvrsot pkstk lmg, g lu ovka m ulghhbkaork l Brgstms= @k hk `ksprga g scgka l fuhgaùiorkik iug Brgstms g lk rshuia apmtrgvo prmprguiug lms-tru trup g ojuleka io m oo lkfulgk lht ugta h sultkaaùiork ulgg oitmro= ltrkfo Hikaklt Vmaolui, ovkrtgzlù-gpk hkg l houzhaog fglk ik-or cg ssk orulhk l aork `khts-g pkrvkrtkoshpk oikg. Sglo pk hork ik-m gaputo kro ohkkog:

@gvgzorko vmostrg-o pkrvkrtgt pk auig, pk auig g-o `kshurojot,pk auig g-o orulhot l l`mgoi, pk lmg tmg l ltrgstork, gor`kzfglorko vmostrhmltglulh. Ohkkog hrgtghgltrolsgekltm esga g io Gelotgk oi Oltgmbgkg, io Gmol Eur`k Our hlòhuzo kviovgo hkimr coig, tmt`koulo kxoekrot , pkltru o luaog vmrfg `k Xgakml Lmui Pkmime, hork g hmlòalo pk ig`krgghork uzurpou, hu glhmltgkl, shoulkik opmstmiktg.

Hkg hork sk krgjkozl oprtmrg g stplg og hrk`glkg GG Hmr. ?, 60,iul` `rkpt mcklsotmork hrgtghgik pk hork ik-or ouzg ozg io o`rksoulmr erkkig hmagsk `k rkprkzkltolgg Fgskrghgg trkfugk stgk hkik gl `k Pro`ggo iug Brgstms, Hki Hork lk-o oùs altugrko prglhkko hk Ikeko fikstkao: `kscrlotkik, voakgg g hruhko. @ubuiXu hki Alegktmr pkltru hrk`glhgmg, kstk, pkltru Fgskrgh, ul@ub hrgtgh.

@ualkzku vrko slu alhog `gl pmaui hulmtglkg hoslu cgg g vmg ho @ualkzkg, g oaeko pk prmtmprglg coisuioprtmr aglhglms Coh. 8, ;. @oh i isa pk Ggsus, vmr vklgrmaolgg g lk vmr iuo oro, sk lergjkou, l `kkrt, lkitmrggpmpmruiugGmol ??, 02. @ualkzku g luako lkfulg pk ovmhogg Iug lcoo iug Gmv Gmv 06, 2, gor pk [zo i-o uhgs l higpo l hork sprgjglko

hbgvmtui hk prko o cg eoto k rsturlorkGG Vkeg 3, 5

. Io cki, pk kam-lgg hork i luakou Xclt oi iug @ualkzku, Brgstms lu-g iso s


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vmrfkoshAorh. ?, 6;. Hglk khg k ohkio hork ssk tkoahPrupui iugBrgstms, Fgskrgho, or aurg cropmimego iug= ^motk cg ki aog aork`kht @malui, logltko Hrugo trkfugo s-g ohmpkrg coo Gs. ;8, 8

`gl prghglo mhrgg pk hork oikeko sm pmortk=@ohul ma oi Fgskrghgg rspul`k hu msl`kotulhg hl` gsk pul l cohrgtghg rogmloik, ki lu g rkspkhtaklgrko `k o cgiuagltmr oi moaklgimr Aot. ;, ?0, hg rspl`ktk ltulkrgh. Hrktglggo`kvrog lu sk vmr auiuag vrkmòthu ul stotut hork ik-or pkr-agtk, ho ulgh am` `k kxprgaork, spmvkòlgo l coo ulmr iupgl fiol`k mogk

M hmlcksgulk o hmpggimr

^kltru huektui trupksh oi ulmr prohtgholg, gl`gckrklt `khmlcksgulk, `kshbg`krko gltkrhmlcksgmloi lskoal lkoprottròrk, pkltru hork sk erfksh s-g hmlòalk, prkhua cggg iugBoa Coh. 7, 66, pk prglgg imr spgrgtuoig. Lu cgg hmpgg io agltk, hghmpgg hl` k vmrfo `k rutotk G Hmr. ?0, 6>, lvo Opmstmiui,

lkikel`, prgl hl` k vmrfo k rutotk, ju`khorko oprmopkiug.@k copt, oporklto ioxgtotk kstk, pkltru hmpggg igpsgg `krutotk, aog gltkigegfgi kht mrghk oreuaklt l covmorko ohrgfgkg.Hmpggg rkaorh io ul bmmrghk, `mor coptui h kstk bm, lu,sksgzo Dgkrdkeoor`. Pmt ostcki, io ul soaorglkol agimstgv kg l-ormfskrvo hk soaorglkol, o`ghkrktgh gor prgl osto kg sult oùigog hrk`glkg: tga h sultka `gvgzog, òr lu tga `k hk, i

surprgl`kou hikrghgg hoakrulkzg pk Gmol ôui oi GG-iko.

Xkalui vrkaurgimr

Akrsui Fgskrghgimr l ohkostiuak lu kstk ul aor`k `k-cgiork iglgor, oo hua lu k lghg akrsui hrk`glhgmgimr. @kportk `k

ôpo ^gus oi RG iko, hork spulko: [lgtotko sk cohk luaog prglltmorhkrko hkimr hork s-ou rupt `k sgleuro Fgskrgho`kvroto


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`khiork ozg: òhul skhtor cohk aglulg, kik lu sult aglulgohua spulko @uagtru Xtlgimok (ului gl rkprkzkltolgg Mrtm`m-xgkg l Hmagsggik k goime hu Hotmighgsaui) , l tgap hk hotmighgg

sk auiuaksh prko umr sprktgl`: aglulgik pk hork ik-or cohkoporgl, `k `rkpt, Fgskrghgg Vmakg. Mrtm`mxui hu m o`kvrot`kshbg`krk sprk `goime trkfugk s pmot spulk: òh aglulgiksult outkltghk, skhtor lu k hki hork ik cohk Gmol 8, 6, hg hki hork ismhmtktk ostcki. Pmotk tkmcolggik rkhioam oikekrk ltrk tro`ggooo hua kro hulmshutg Brgstmsui hki vgu. Kxgst, ksgeur, ltmt-`koulo rgshui mpgulgg erkgtk: l covmorko sgapiuiug o`kvrhmlcksgmloi, òr hu teùgrko @ualkzkuiug `k io hork ohksto sk

rkvkl`gh.^kltru Xcltui Aoxga, hrgtkrgui `k `gshkrlkrk o o`kvrurg-

imr tkmimeghk kro ului hmapmrtoakltoi: Otto o`kvr sk ocilhulmtglo hugvo, ht sgeurol g òu fil`kko, sakrklgo g`roemstko, spulko Arturgsgtmrui. @ghtmlui lu k voiofgi lsgglvkrs: `meaotgho lu pmotk cg ul hrgtkrgu l piolui amroigtgg,hhg mrghk tro`ggk k, l sglk, foloi. Oo lk-ou isot prglgg

spul g cggg pelgimr. @otmrgo hrktglgimr k ohkko `k o trolshkl`kamtklgrko tro`gggimr ohuauiotk `k eklkrogg ltru kxpkrgaklto-rko Fgskrghgg ho trup brgstgh. Fgskrgho s-o lvrtmot g o pgkrùtùbui kvolebkigkg, sksgzo tmtug otrgorbui Otbkloemros, hork g`mrko, lkltrzgot, rkhmlhgigkrko kg hu hrktglgsaui.

Co`k rkiogo pkrsmloihu @ualkzku, mrghk huit pufighork, pk ilepiusui k mfgkhtgvgtotk g arkgk, m glkrklt mz khmaprmags: ki ralk `mor ul pmemralt chut iuagg. @ohmsmhgktotk skhuiorgzothrk`k h i pmotk `gsprkug, gll` @ubuiXclt hoptgv l holmolkik Xoik, Ohksto ork mrghl` io l`kalpmemraltui aog aork oi rkvklgrgg io rgemorko `gltg, m`kshbg`krk `kosupro tro`gggimr. Ostcki, Fgskrgho pmotk ralkcg`kiaksojuiug prmprgu, l`kprtlù-sk k hkg hork sk luakshpk sglk gu`kg, òr crscgk Opmh. 8, 7, hg sgloemeo sotolkg. ^mg cg

oSkzg Eoi. ?, 2.


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Hmlstoltglmpmiuiug hkrko ulgcmragzorko tgpghuiug l ltrkoeo kgjurgs`ghgk

@ohul mro sou m or ho`k, ohkosto gksk `gl Fgskrgho[lgvkrsoi, gor rkstui hork lu o hzut ralk ul hmrp gltkeroi glu pgkrk, lkikeko Agtrmpmigtui Cgiorkt oi Amshmvkg hotmighgtotkoFgskrghgg. Pmtug, rkhulmotk hlu pmotk luag coism Fgskrghl horkGgsus kstk luagt Brgstms. ltr-o`kvr, trupuiug iug Brgstms lu g pmt cgtrolotk erolgk tkrgtmrgoik. Mrghk krks hork lu k `k io@ualkzku sk vo rgsgpg Copt. ;, 82, spulko lkikptui Eoaoigki `ks-prk hrktglg. @ghtmlui iug ralk io cki `k o`kvrot g apmtrgvo

imr, io ?>>> `k olg `k io Xhbgsao hork ik hmltrozghk ott `k cio-erolt aksojui: lghgulo `gl prg lu aog pmotk prktgl`k ozg hiamlmpmigzkoz pk @ualkzku, hhg tmotk sult `kzaglgtk `krkoigtotko hmlhrkt o aog auitmr Fgskrghg òhulo o `kglutakrku o`kvrui g o cmst grkprmofgil tmotk, hua `k lu o pututcg hmlvgletmork l tmt ohkst tgap pkltru hkg `gl ocor= Hrk-tgltotko lu ork lkvmgk `k oitk otohurg pkltru o cg hmaprmags

aog auit. Cr lhktork, luakik iug @ualkzku k fotjmhmrgtprgltrk lkoaurg. ^kltru hhkg `gl ocorou` hkik cruamosk `ks-prk @ualkzku `k io lmg, òr sk ltmrh `k io oàgrogk io fotjm-hur, pkltru h coptkik lu sult pk asuro vmrfkimr pk hork ikrmstga g zgh htmotk sult m pmvkstk g m oaegrk. Hlmg lu morhg gufga luaog pk hkg hk lk gufksh, òr lu g gufga lghg ahorpk hkg hk lk gufksh, shrgo Xc. Hikaklt Vmaolui l vkohui G,zuervgl` pkrckht g sgtuogo prkzklt.

Pmotk ohkstk fgskrghg aglhglmosk lu sult oithkvo `khtkrkzgk pkstk krkzgk, ôlkrkzgk, ohuzo Gustgl ^mpmvghg.@meaotghgik sgstkaotghk ojule ssk l`mgoshozg g `k ocgraoggoik Xcglgimr Prkg Gkrorbg. @k hk lu oa smhmtg g lmg l`mgkilghohkost rkohgk o orbgaol`rgtuiug cmst `mhtmrol` l Oleigo,holmlgzot oo `k ropg` `k Fgskrgho srf= Mork ohkosto s cgk

ltmt`koulo otgtu`glko gl`ghot l coo hkimr hork g `kshbg`frokik sprk lmg=


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Prkfugk scgk g krksurg, ho ssk v`koshhkg lhkrhogG Hmr. ??, ?7, prkvklko Opmstmiui. l vrkaurgik lmostrk, ohkosto o`kvklgt m pgotr`k lhkrhork pkltru mrghk oleojoaklt pk hoiko

hrk`glkg. Xhkptghgsaui khuaklgh, hork lu aog hrk`k l rkulgrkohrktglgimr, rklul prko umr io vkhbko siov o Fgskrghgghotmighktg, l luakik ulug oo-zgs o`kvr hork altugktk mlvturo piot hork or osgeuro, prgl o`kzgulk, oportklklo ioPrupui toglgh. Gl`gckrklt `k hmlcksgulk, ohkst ekl `k skhtorgsahrktgl rkprkzglt m tgrfgrk o hrk`glkg l Brgstmsui hkilkaprgt G Hmr. ?, ?8, l luakik Hrugo, hua spulko Gmol oui oiGG-iko, lu pmotk vmrfg `kht m Fgskrghulgh.

Auitvrkak, `kzfglorko hrktglgimr o cmst aklglutprglcohtmrg kxtkrlg: mhupolgg ausuiaolg, rzfmogkik aml`goik, hm-aulgsaui, rzfmgui rkhk. Imhui imr k iuot lsostzg `k gapk`g-akltui gltkrl oi glkrgkg g shikrmzkg suciktktg. ^kltru mrghkhrktgl, ulgrko or trkfug scgk, l asuro l hork `kpgl`k `k ki, murekl, hhg cr ko lgaklg lu i pmotk arturgsg oo hua sk

huvglk pk @ualkzku , oo hua kvrkgg lu putkou hlto hlto-rko @maluiug ^s. ?83, 0l kxgi.

Gufgrko lu sk tkak

@oh O`oa l-or cg alhot `gl alo vglmvotkg Kvo,ohkosto or cg aurgt. Ko g-o `mfl`gt lsvgoo prgl amortko iug.@oh Altugtmrui l-or cg fut opo soaorglklhkg, glutui kg gottko oitkik or cg raos l ltulkrghui lkhulmtglkg iug@ualkzku. Hmaulgulko khg prkhk`k o`kvruiug, lu glvkrs morotg l`kalui Igturebgkg: ltg lk gufga ulgg pk oigg, ho opmgltr-ul el` s arturgsga. l shbgaf, shbgsao prkhk`kkrmrgimr `mhtrglork, `k ohkko Xcltui Grglku, hork, l O`vkrsusBokrksks, g osgagio krktghgimr pk @otol g Ofgrml, rzvrtggg apm-trgvo iug Amgsk Ikv. ?>, ?-6.


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Gufgrko hu hork sultka òtmrg lu pmotk cg oito `kht hko huhork @malui lsug lk-o gufgt pk lmg Gmol ?;, ?6, hhg lu kxgst khtm sgleurgufgrko hko hork kstk aog aork g `kht ikeko (pkltru

ko lu k ikek

Eoi. ;, 66-68

) g `kht hrk`glo

G Hmr. ?8, ?8

, hu ott aog auit`kht sgapikik tro`ggg. Brgstms, opmstmigg g prmmrmhgg lu g gufkou`mor pk hkg `k ohkkog ikek hu kg oo hua gufksh g pelgg Aot. ;, 05,`gltr-ul kemgsa rkcikhtot l hkgioig.

Hglk gufktk lu vrko s-g altugoshsuciktui, hg k eoto sg-i pgorÌuh. 7, 60. Ghmlmaui lkhrk`glhgms gl Kvolebkigk Iuh. ?3, ?-2g-o osuaot `khgzgg rgsholtk l luakik Xtpluiug, gor l cgloi o

cmst iuòt `k Ohkio, pkltru ho huiks htkvo rmo`k, l imh `klgagh...

ltgktotko l ruglk

@khiorl` Jogak imrtbm`mxgk, Wvks Hmleor hmlstoto, lohkiog tgap, io mrtm`mhg m igps`k hurgmzgtotk lergjmrtmork

co `k iuako hotmigh, `k iuako iotgl. [l hor`gloi gkzugtf

hmlsg`kro hhkik aog fulk amtgvk pkltru osto coh hosfulhum glgalhbgs. M Mrtm`mxgk hork lu g `kpktk, ho gro`gkrk,igagtkik jurgs`ghgmloik kstk mork `kal `k Pro`ggo kg= @uphua pulhtkozSio`gagr Zgkiglsdy, Fgskrgho ohtuoik smrtgtkhu-aklgsauiug, hhg, oprmpgotsou l`kprtot, ulgtotko k ozg pkmr`glko `k zg. Ho rsrgtkol, ki k lkauiuagt hlk vk`ka pklmg ho pk lekrgg iug Vufigmv, gor pk hkg `gl ocor, ho pk lgtk so-tgrg esgl` io Opmstmi Eoi. ;, 66-68 hrgtkrgui prkzklkg o`kvruiug:Vmoò @ubuiug kstk `roemstko, fuhurgo, pohko, lcrlorkopmctkimr. Zgkiglsdy hmlsg`kr, `k oskaklko, lkcgrkoshofsklo`gshuggimr `ksprk hrgzo Fgskrghgg l gltkrgmrui Mrtm`mxgkg, ahorio lgvkiui hkimr `gl spogui hotmigh. Vksgaga lmg hu o`kvrot

oHbgor rkcikxui kg paltksh ork putkrko `k o trolshkl`k `gvgzgulgik

hua lk-ou ortot-m Vmakm g Juigkto og iug Xbodkspkork.fBklrg `k Iufoh.


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igpso okruiug `gl hkiioit pial oi hrktgltgg= Sk`ka l `ru-aui sprk ulgtotk m kxgekl o hrk`glkg lmostrk lskg= sk l-trkfo, rktmrgh.

@oh rspulsui or cg lu, pl g ostzg, l tmguiskhuiorgsauiug, rgshui k oskalorko hu kvrkgg `k `glogltkolgaghgrgg Gkrusoigauiug, `ksprk hork Sosgik hki Aork spulko,tihugl` vkrsktui g pmpmrui sk vo lpustg ma osupro ulug ma g maosupro oprmopkiug su Gs. 8, ;: Lu ou cmst alog io lkikekrkolkhksor`k ùaolgg hork g osk`gou hg, iuptlù-sk pkltru hkik`k pk ura, hktotko cggl` `kjo huhkrgt, zgùrgik `raotk, gorvrjaogg lvigl` lultru, sk ftkou ltrk kg pkltru sktko `k

hmlùhkrk g `k ltgktotk.Xc. Gmol Brgsmstma `kpilek, io rlùi su, pustggrko prm-

ùs`k gufgrko pkltru siov`korto rkprkzkltolgimr Fgskrghgg.Ik piohk s stko l hopui akskg io mspkk g l shoulkik hkik`gltg l sgloemeg4 scgk soiutog l pgkk g scgk luagg `k mo-aklg lvtmrg. ^k ohkstko, hbgor `k ik smhmtktg aghg, tmtugprghglugksh aorg rkik. Kik ou pgkrùt mrok g fgskrghg. g ohua ag

vglk spile hl` ou` `k shoulkik `gltg g `k soiutrg, hl` ael`ksh io htk rkik ou òt kik lotkrk l fgskrghgik iug@ualkzku, arturgsko Xcltui, rkaorhl` hl`kalui sluv luagg lvtmrg Aot 68, 2-?> lu sk rkckrko, tmtug, io rgshuivrkulkg krkzgg. @or lgagh lu prmùhk `kzfglork, skporork, aogauit ho glvg`go g uro pgzao, ohkostfmoiculksthork lu orkshuz, m fmoi aog ùltmork `kht lsg r`hglo tuturmr

rkikimr, aog spulko Eur`k Our l Magiggikio Hmrgltklg.

ôhk sou oragstggu=

Hork `gl ohkstk `muiuhrurg s-o ltapiot: ôpo o vklgt ioMrtm`mxgk sou ^rko Ckrghgrko Smostr io popgsa= rkohgmlo,ltr-m shrgsmork o`rksot

potrgorbuiug Otbkloemros, orbgaol`rg-

tui Kpgcolgk, lergjmrlù-sk h k`ka g `gshuta io ohkiog


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lgvki hu hotmighgg g hu prmtkstolgg. Kv`mdgamv vk`ko lsagrohmiui khuaklgsauiug tmhaog l ohkko h k pmsgfgi lhguò imeghgg sou, aog `kerof, gl`kpkl`klt `k ko. @ksgeur,

ksklo poro`mxuiug khuaklgh, gufgrko pkltru krktghg, pmotksulo suprtmr, hua sksgzo oit prmamtmr rus oi khuaklgsau-iugo. Hhg cgkhork hmlcksgulk g otrgfugk hotmighgtotko gltklsgvg sk `khiorikeko boruiug, tkstoakltui hki lmu, ohhkltul``gckrklkik oitmr hmaulgtg co `k Fgskrgho prgaor, òrostuplù-g urkhbgik Copt. ;, ;5hl` hkikioitk coh io cki. Pmhaog lasuro l hork v` l jur luaog krksurg, kik `kvgl osto. Xgeur,glstgtugo popoigtgg ohtuoik k `kportk `k spgrgtui crksh oi

uhklghgimr `gl Gkrusoiga, io cki Hmlhgigui Prg`kltgl, òr ghmlmagorlùgkigimr Xglmùiug Pruiol mork k ott `k opmstmigh=

l 6>>5, io Vovkllo, prgik mrtm`mx g hotmightkmimebgskou, l hmagsgo `k `goime, `ksprk Fgskrgho gl`gvgzgfgi,hotmigh, Prup oi iug Brgstms. Xpkrgotk `k tkxtui voe hmlhkput (`kpgi`, Fgskrgho kro `kcglgt`rkpt hmaulgtotko prkzgòt`k ul

kpgshmp bgrmtmlgt ikegtga l suhhksgulko opmstmigh, hork lvohrk`glo prgagt`k io Opmstmig), mrtm`mhgg, opmg g hotmighgg, ouoùeot io cgloi, htkraklui `k Fgskrgho cmst cmimsgt luaog hurkckrgrk io hmlcksgulko prmprgk! Mfskrvogo or cg io cki `k voiofgig pkltru hkikioitk `mhuakltk hmaulk `k oitcki hotmighgg, `kohkostòturaog `k mrtm`mhg, g-ou kxprgaot ohkikog rkzkrvkg io Soioam, pkragl` pufighorko `mhuakltuiug `mor ho mlhurojork o `gshuggimr l hurs. Otulhg hl` sk lhkorhmhmigrkohbkstgulgimr `meaotghk - hbkgk, lvrtgrgik l hkrh `k ohkst ckisult glkvgtofgik. Ohkosto lu justgcghtmtug ro`ghoigsaui k eklui:Fgskrgho Mrtm`mx k tmtui hua prmhioao aolgckstuioltgkhuaklgst oi Alstgrgg ôrodigtu.

[lgg hmlhkp vggtmorko ulgrk prkhkòt `k m pk`kpsgrk otuturmr hkimrioitk Fgskrghg pkltru erkkoio `k o cg igpsgt ott `kauit gl hko o`kvrot: ohua, iotglgg trkfugk s gshutk hu lmg hu

oIkml Zol`kr.


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pmhgl rkhioao @mhuakltui Hmlckrglkg gltkrmrtm`mxk `kio Pbksoimlgh, gl olui 6>>0. Pmtug, lgagh lu pmotk cg aog rg`g-hmi pkltru mrtm`mhg `kht s otkptk ho akafrgg oitmr

hmlcksgulg s-g pulhklul hop g ssk afrohk l soh hua mfskrvo Fmfrglsdmy.Hu austrorko i shmg `gl alstgrk pk phtms, spul

prglgg ôtkrghuiugo. @ksgeur, lu ohkosto k hoiko `k `mfl`grk oulug uhklgh oi aprotuiug Hkrurgimr, hhg hki hk hrk`k ikslk(l. o.prmzkigtui) umr `k glgakstk Xgr. ?7, ;. [l o`kvrot uratmroi iug Brgstms lu vo cg prgls l lvmùi vrkulkg prmpmvùgrgstkrkmtgpk, `mhtrglork. Lkkaol sgrgolui GS Vke. ;g vùvo sg`mlg-

olhGGG Vke. ?5, pkltru altugrko hrmro eorolto @malui Iuh. 0, 6;-65,lu s-ou ikpòt cmraoi `k pelgsa, hg hmltohtui imr hu amzogs-aui sk rkùhko io sgapio iketurhu ul ma oi iug @ualkzku.[lgrko Fgskrghgimr lu ork lkvmgk `k ulgcmragzork, hg ltilgrkol `roemstk g l o`kvr k sucghgklt, hmlcmra iug Gmol ôui oiGG-iko. Pro`ggo hkiugioit sk pmotk rkcmrauio g gltkrprkto hrkotmr,ùhl` io hopt hkko hk ork ko pmzgtgv, cr m lkeork o kg l

olsoafiu, oo hua otkopt gltkergtgg ulkmrg hbgor purtlàosho khuaklgsauiug `k prmtmhmi.

M sgleur kviovgk

@kmhoaòt, mrghk erup hork vglk l Hmlsgigui Khuaklghoi Fgskrghgimr vglk ohmim hu elùi g spkrolo skhrkt`k o l-

vglek. HKF k ho ul spogu k oragstggu (tkraklui sk pmtrgvktk,g pkltru hsk trotkozott `k auit `ksprk ulgogk, htvrkaksufgkhtui `meak lu k iaurgt) g poro`mxoi, ruehgulko pkl-tru ulgtotk k m ruehgulk pkltru hmltgluorko ksprgrgg4 sult aogauitk ulgtg g cgkhork m vk`k oitcki lmto Oltmlgk ia`koi.Wolloros susglk hor kxgsto, `k oitcki, kviovgg `gckrgtk: mrtm`mx,hotmigh g prmtkstolt `ksgeur `mor ulo `gl kik o`kvrot.

oôtkrgh, Oltmlgk, 684 ^gakl, 68.


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Luaog hki lkikek prgl kviovgk hu tmtui oithkvo `kht apiglg-rko pmrulhgimr: m voetrgrk o o`kvruiug, rkùs, `k copt, iokltuzgosaui agstghm-skltgakltoi co`k hkrkamlgoiui g auzgho

Fgskrghgg. Mr, lgaklg lu sk pmotk altug l ohkst piol, oo huahrk` hkg hk coh gl Mrtm`mxgk m skhtigturebgst hua spulkoul prkmt arturgsgtmro.

Hmlcksgulgik `gckrgtk or putko cg voiofgik g aprkul, òhkik g-or putko pulk gckrgt ohhkltkik mhtrglork l` skoa`kfmego voiklkimr huvltuiug iug @ualkzku. Hkiioit, krktghui,lu k ltmt`koulo `mor hkko hk oa cg lmg crhmlcksgulko prm-

prgk. O`kvroto `kshbg`krk stl o huto hrgtkrggik hmaulk, pmr-lgl` `k io mfskrvogo iug Hikaklt Oikxol`rglui h l tmotkhrk`glkik kxgst ul imems spkraotgdms, hork ik hmoeuikoz.Arturgsgtmrui `rkptargtmr trkfugk spull voimork ohkik sk-aglk `k o`kvr erulg `k mrtm`mxgk, hua ik luakFuieodmv, vkstgegg `k khikzgoigtotk, ùp kxprksgo ^r.Fmfrglsdmy. Smg vlhbglog io hk lu tgg Gmol 0, 66, luolo Ggsus

hrk`glo soaorglklgimr. S` hsultkg kviovgmg, pkltru hovkgoghg oitorui @ualkzkuiug lkhulmshut Copt. ?5, 66-68, ik spulkoXcltui ôvki hbgor g pelgimr.

Arturgsgrgik gapkrsmloik

^k hork bktkrm`mx i-og oùs io mrtm`mxgk= ^k lghgului!@khg l zoòr hitmrggik, hmlerkskik, mspkkik, òrurgik gzafktkik, hmltglusohuzk Kpgcolgk, ortl` hkg, hkg ohuzog`k colotgsa, ou rkugt, `k fglk, `k ru, s`ktkraglk, hbgor gcr hmaprmagsurg, htkvo hmlvkrtgrg. Lu putka hmlsg`krotmtug, rkpt smiugk io sholòiui kxgstklkg aog auitmr Fgskrghg hurspl`grk aml`goicurtui htmrvo prmzkigg...

Hkg hork lhoih, suf prktkxtui gufgrgg, holmolkik, sk pmortho ul prmcksmr hork i trkhk hioso pk ul kikv cr s akrgtk,

oEikf Godulgl, prkmtui `gzg`klt g pkrskhutot `k stotui otku smvgktgh.


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Iuhrork o @ubuiug, ohkost otgtu`glk pmotk cg rgsholt hua ou cmst, `k oitcki, g amlobgsaui sou aortgrojui prgaor. Lultapitmr, ôpo Gmol ôui oi GG-iko sufiglgo: Fgskrgho aortgrg-

imr kro ulo. Lu kxgst ls m oit hoik, g spulko OvvoOltmlgko òhrg`ghg gspgtkik, lu aog kstk altugrk. Vgshui pkhork i osuakhuaklgsaui lu ork iketur, tmtug, hu otgtu`glkobozoròtpk hork m rkioto Zgkiglsdy l kpgsmùi hu ùbmvlghggrug hork g mckrkou skrvghggik ulmr aorglorg fkg, strlglù-ikohkimro rsui. Doimagrms eklkroigzkozofuzgv hl` g luaktkpk khuaklgtg skltgakltoig glhmrgegfgig. Ki `klul tròrko`gckrklkimr `gltrk fgskrghg, pkltru hork oitòt aortgrgg sk

sohrgcghou hu or`mork, òr kluakr, ho `gckrklk oaklglotk `khrktglgg skltgakltoig, pk ohkiko hghmolkik lu aog por urtk,auzgho fgzoltglsk kurmpklgzkoz, keklkrl` l oramlgk tko-troipkltru potru vmhg g sk o`mpthoiklòruiug popoi, imvgl`,ostcki, mrtm`mxgo l glga Oskaklko apmtrgvgrg supkrcghgoiksk pmt ouzg g gl portko ulmr hotmighg. Lgagh l-o hmltrgfugt aogauit io hmlcuzgo aoskimr ho Sotghol GG, spulk `r. Aoiohbg

Aortgl, l ortghmiui Hglk otohFgskrgho Hotmigh, ortl` hkhuaklgsaui k m imvgturamrtoi othotmighgsauiug. l rkoig-totk, gckrklkik hu hork iuhrkozkhuaklgsaui sult aog suftgik gaog prmcul`k `kht hkik oprotk `k ohkstk hrgtghg. @kshbg`krkokhuaklgh`gstglek l prgaui rl` ltrk òrurgikprgagtk `k hrk-tglg prkhua portghgporko io siujfk g tmotk hkikioitk rlùgkigzg`gtmork g òtmrgo gufgrgg pk hork m ovka hu tmgg, pk hork m

putka l`kpiglg hbgor l hml`ggg kxtrkak, gl`kpkl`klt `krlùgkigik huitghk.

oôtkrgh, Oltmlgk, ;.


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Khuaklgsaui spgrgtuoi

Vuehgulglkhuvlttmork

Hbgor òhkstk ul ho`ru emi, ul`k prkzklo Mrtm`mxgkg k`mor `khmrotgv, mreolgsakik `k eklui Hmlsgiguiug Aml`goi oiFgskrghgimr lu pmt cg rkspglsk ho prglhgpgu. Gl`gckrklt òh`mloggik skhtkimr oakrgholk, hork i susgl l aojmrgtotk, g gapulkvg`kltk tkl`glk prtglgtmork, k m kxoekrork o spulk, hoWolloros, hkcmrturgik `kpusk ohmim sult ul oht `k loittr-

òrk o l`kj`gg moaklgimr l prgvglo altugrgg.Kpgcolgk g auig oigg aog susgl hglggotgvkik k eklui Zg-ikg Aml`goik o Vuehgulgg sult glmpmrtulk ltruht ruehgulgikaprkul hu lkmrtm`mhgg sult gltkrzgsk `k holmolk. Ohkostmfgkhgk cmraoigstcmrkozlssklsui ohkimr holmolk, oghg cggl`vmrfo `k ohgulg hmlhrktk pkltru ulgtotk. Hikrghgg sult glvgtog sosgstk io ruehgulgik hkimrioig, cr portghgpork igturegh, `moro`rksl` io scrgt ul huvlt ikeot k tkao ohgulgg hk trgst hg

apiglgrko ulug iuhru ott `k sgapiu o `kvklgt `gcghgi! Lu sk vmrgapigho igturegh, or gl rkst hk vmr cohk= Smr hgtg zgorui= rkohgmloul fimeekr mrtm`mx shkptgh. Mork ohoa ovko m ruòprmpgothu hork lk-oa hkrtot, hua or cg aog fglk: slu m aog ltilgalghgmòt, sou s m vk`ka, hbgor cr lghg ul huvlt, `morstrlelù-lk alo g hgtgl`, kvkltuoi, zgorui, ului ileoitui=

Hbgor òhpork rg`ghmi, ohkosto kstk hkko hk putka cohk l

ohkst amaklt. @or, oo hua olgaoi okzot ileug trkzktkstpluiug gafmiùi `k o g-m `kshbg`k, @ualkzku, vzl` `m-rglo lmostr, vo putko rk`kshbg`k, oo hua Ki tgk, hoikohmaulgulgg. (@k lu or kxgsto gspgto h`krgg l hmaulgulko ropg`,ho lgtk ckhgmork lklkikptk Aot. 6;, 7, `ksgeur hm akshotmighorcg auit aog ful`kht ul spkhtohmi `kkrt, `k kxkapiu. @ohprkzklo autg kvkltuoi m strlekrk k alsult tmt hk putka

cohk, `k hk oa `gsprkug ohktg pog arulg=) K o`kvrot, rgshuiarturgkg hmlcuzk ralk (g oi h`krgg `gl bor pkltru ohkosto),


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òr hkiug hork cohk ekstui l luakik Xu, @malui g vo cg oiturg,hbgor l agjimhui ltulkrghuiug amrgg ^s.66, 0, hu ott aog pugl lagjimhui ulmr crog skporog, ruetmrg pkltru rkulgrk

[lgg oltgkhuaklgtg sk tka hl spotkik hmagsggimr, hg-lkvo or urarg gapulkrko ulgrgg hu cmro, oo hua, sprk scrgtuiGapkrguiug, lhkrhou, `gspkrog, fosgikgg Hmlstoltglmpmiuiug (cg-gl`, tmtug, akrku rkspglg `k pmpmr). Co`k ohko kpmh, kxgstm `kmskfgrk aojmr: l hguò zemamtuiug pk hork i coh ozggltkergtgg, hmrpui Fgskrghgg lu g aog rkhkptkoz. ^mpmrui hrk`gl-hgms, hki hork gstglek ltrk sglmo`kik khuaklghk g hkik tibrktg,

vrko ulgrko. Hu tmotmpmzggo shkptghgimr, olmaoigo Sotghol GGo cmst ropg` osgagiot `k aoso hrk`glhgmgimr hotmighg. Ioluiuaol hork g-o lsmgt, l ?777, pk Pkmhtgst g Gmol ôui oi GG-ikoprgl Fuhurktg o cmst ul skaloi sucghgklt g gl portko iuagg mrtm-`mxk.

K rg`ghmi s vmrfktg `k m vggtmork ulgrk, sk l`mgktk,tmtug, Kpgcolgk. Gor Doimagrms ltrkof: Hua k hu putglho kg

sspkrk hhkko hk lu s-o lcptugt l prgakik skhmik oik Xhbgsakgsk vo lcptug ohua, hl` `gckrklkik l `meag akltoigtotk,mòt hu trkhkrko skhmikimr, `gl sgapik cgsurg, ou `kvklgtprpstgg= Oal`mg ugth roemstko pk tmotk ik l`jùgktkG Hmr. ?8, 5.O`kvroto polkrkzgk o hrktglgsauiug hmltkapmrol r-alk hko skaloiotlh`k Xc. Xgakml: hko o lkputglkg. LmuiPkmime g luako pk hkg hk m prmamvkoz hu cois sakrklgk,

hrturorg g corgskg, hhg lghg kg lu gltrl aprgk, lghg pkoigg lu g ios Aot. 68, ?8-?3. @gl ckrghgrk ls, khuaklgsaui ork mgstmrgk. Kxpkrgklo Fgskrghgimr `k-o iuleui skhmikimr `k skpororklu kstk ltmt`koulo ulgiotkroi, oltgkhuaklgh. Hbgor l stork `k`gvgzgulk, Fgskrghgik ou òt auitk skalk `k ulgtotk g `k ulgvkr-soigtotk, hmlskalkozGml Frgo.


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oo hua sult, l ulkik hotkbgsak, kshmpkrgrgik tgglgcghk lkhu-prglsk l rkckrotui Eklkzkg, cggl` lkrkikvoltk pkltru altugrk.@kzfglorko Fgskrghgg i ockhtkozlspk cgkhork hrktgl, hbgor g

pk hki crhmltohtk hu akafrgg oitmr hmlcksgulg: crulgtotk, kilu pmotk glvmho l coo iuagg skalui ulkg Fgskrghg pk `kpiglhotmighk hbgor òh pkltru sglk g kstk sucghgklt `kcglgrkoohkstug tkrakl `gl Hrkz ho `kpigltotk o altugrgg l Fgskrgh.

Hl` piuroigtotko Fgskrghgimr `kcgakoz hotkbgsakik, gorsagltkoio skhuiorgzrgg `kcgakozg thkrko amlobgimr, spoguil hork aog pmg tkmimebgsg, purtot `k m o`gkrk o o`kvruiug, r-

alk khuaklgsaui. lhl` vma cg gorg hu tmgg ulo, mor liuhrorko iug vma rkesg ul cki `k kigto tkmimegkg hork lu akrekio ltrulgrg pkltru hotkbgzrg rkhgprmhk, vlzl`, hua sk spulk,hostrovkg er`glorgimr. l ohkst vzùb sk ociohko Fgskrgh`glFgskrgh, ckrakltui kvolebkigh, hork or putko g sporekfurùcurgik Fgskrghgimr, òhlu vmr cg `kstui `k `kshbgsk uluihtrk hkiioit hua ovkrtgzo Zgkiglsdy.

[lgg l Brgstms

Hkg 6> `k storkg otmlgg hork otohou `mhuakltui `k ioFoioaol` ltr-m shrgsmork o`rksot potrgorbuiug khuaklghFortmimakuo susglkou h, ott tgap ht kxgst `kmskfgrg l`mea, lu pmotk kxgsto ulgtotk ltru Brgstms, rkpt uraork luBrgstms hkrk

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