Developmental Psychology

Activity

MilestonesThough theories of development may be very different, all share in common having milestones.What are some of the important milestones in your life and the lives of others? ------ DISCUSS with classmates

Activity

Which milestones would you say are important steps in development and which aren't?

Developmental Psychology

• Developmental Psychology examines how people are continually developing- physically, cognitively, and socially-from birth to death.

Introduction

–Nature versus nurture

–Continuity and stages

Cognitive developmentMotor development

–Stability and change

Source: http://www.eruptingmind.com/what-is-developmental-psychology/

Zygote, Embryo, & Fetus

• 1st two weeks

• 2 weeks - 9 weeks

• 9 weeks - birth

Zygote, Embryo, & Fetus

Zygote - a fertilized egg with full set of genes

Embryo

–From about two weeks after conception to three months after conception

(most of first trimester)

–Organs begin to form; heartbeat

Fetus

–Three months after conception to birth (second and third trimesters)

–Organs continue to form; response to sounds

TAIL bone

No, this is NOT photoshopped. Some babies are born with tails. Typically they are removed by surgeons.

Why do you think we call it a "tail bone" ?

Answer the questions

• What is the order of prenatal growth?• When the zygote attaches to wall of the

Uterus it is known as?• At what stage does the heart begin to form?• Three months after conception to birth is

called what stage?

Try not to use your notes

Teratogens

• Any agent that causes a structural abnormality following fetal exposure during pregnancy

• Cocaine, alcohol, STDs, radiation

• Fetal alcohol syndrome

• Occurs in children of women who consume large amounts of alcohol during pregnancy

• Symptoms include facial deformities, heart defects, stunted growth, and cognitive impairments

Answer the question

• How can teratogens affect prenatal development?

New Born

New Born Reflexes

Reflexes: sucking, swallowing, grasping, walking, and rooting

Rooting Reflex– Baby turns its head toward something that

brushes its cheek and gropes around with mouth

http://youtu.be/_JVINnp7NZ0

Answer

• How can the rooting reflex help with a babies survival?

Pair, Share, and TWEET

• What are the three big ways developmental psychology is studied?

• What are the three prenatal stages and what occurs during them?

• How can teratogens affect a babies development?• What is the rooting reflex?On a small piece of paper, in 140 characters or less

TWEET an answer to one of the following questions.Example: Make sure ur #babymama sticks w/the virgin drinks. Keep those #teratogens at bay. No more cognitive impairments #fetalalcoholsyndrome

Temperament

Three basic types of babiesEasy

Good-natured, easy to care for, adaptable

DifficultMoody and intense, react to

new situations and people negatively and strongly

Slow-to-warm-upInactive and slow to

respond to new things, and when they do react, it is mild

Temperament: characteristic patterns of emotional reactions and emotional self-regulation

child's personal style of dealing and interacting with their surroundings

Temperament Survey

PROJECT the Survey

Temperament Survey

1. For numbers 6, 18, 19 reverse the number. For example if you put 1 for number 6, than change it to 5 (5=1, 4=2, 3=3, 2=4, 1=5)

2. Activity – add scores 2, 7, 10, 173. Sociability – add scores 1, 6, 15, 204. Distress – add scores 4, 9, 11, 165. Fear – add scores 3, 12, 14, 196. Anger – add scores 5, 8, 13, 18

Emotionality

Temperament Survey

• Emotionality refers to the intensity of emotional reactions.

• Activity represents a person’s general level of energy output.

• Sociability relates to a persons tendency to affiliate and interact with other

Temperament

Temperaments can change with due to babies

environment

Sensory Learning

• In addition to reflexes present at birth, infants also have the ability to learn

• Habituation - basic type of learning involving decreased response to a stimulus judged to be of no importance/novelty

• Visual learning• Olfactory learning • Auditory learning• Taste

Habituation Activity

Physical DevelopmentBrain Development

–Immature nervous system at birth...develops rapidly.

• Maturation = physical, intellectual, or emotional process of development that enables orderly changes in behavior as a function of passage of time–Uninfluenced by experience.–Maturation sets the basis course of

development , and experiences adjust it.

Neural Networks

Physical DevelopmentMaturation and Infant Memory

What is your earliest memory?

How old were you?

Infantile amnesia

– Earliest conscious memories seldom predate our third birthday.

– We do know that infants under the age of three do process information, they just don’t have the neural connections in our brains to remember it

What part of your brain do you believe hasn’t fully developed/matured yet that could lead to this?

Physical DevelopmentMotor Development

• Motor developmentMostly universal in motor developmentIndividual differences in timingMaturation ---- Child must be ready

Physical DevelopmentMilestones

• 2 months – able to lift head up on his own• 3 months – can roll over• 4 months – can sit propped up without falling over• 6 months – is able to sit up without support• 7 months – begins to stand while holding on to things for support• 9 months – can begin to walk, still using support• 10 months – is able to momentarily stand on her own without support• 11 months – can stand alone with more confidence• 12 months – begin walking alone without support• 14 months – can walk backward without support• 17 months – can walk up steps with little or no support• 18 months – able to manipulate objects with feet while walking, such as

kicking a ball

QUICK WRITE

• Write as quickly and accurately as you can an answer to the following question. I will give you 1 minutes to write down an answer. The person with the most words (that are accurate) is the WINNER!

• Describe what maturation means in your own words and how it effects motor and memory development.