Devices to Overcome the Limitations of Sight (Adik)

8/13/2019 Devices to Overcome the Limitations of Sight (Adik)

1/11

INTRODUCTION

The eye has a wonderful function that we often take for granted. Right now you are able

to read these words on the screen. Through the eyes, you can also see colors, shapes,

textures, and movement. Your eyes do all of this.This section will describe the process

by which the eye turns light into sight. This process starts with refractionby the cornea

and crystalline lens as the rays enter the eye.Through accommodation, the lens varies

the amount of refraction, so that clear images are focused on the retina from objects

near or far away.Finally, photoreceptors interpretthe images falling on the retina, and

change light into vision.Hearing, auditory perception, or auditionis the ability to

perceivesound by detectingvibrations,changes in the pressure of the surrounding

medium through time, through an organ such as theear. Sound may be heard

throughsolid,liquid, orgaseous matter. It is one of the traditional fivesenses. The

inability to hear is calleddeafness.In humans and other vertebrates, hearing is

performed primarily by theauditory system: vibrations are detected by theear and

transduced into nerve impulses that are perceived by thebrain (primarily in thetemporal

lobe). Liketouch,audition requires sensitivity to the movement of molecules in the world

outside the organism. Both hearing and touch are types of mechanosensation.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soundhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vibrationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solidhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liquidhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gashttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sensehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deafnesshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Auditory_systemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brainhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Temporal_lobehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Temporal_lobehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Touchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Touchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Temporal_lobehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Temporal_lobehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brainhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Auditory_systemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deafnesshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sensehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gashttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liquidhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solidhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vibrationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sound


2/11

OBJECTIVE

To identify the latest gadgets that can be used to overcome yhe limitation of sight and

hearing.


3/11


4/11

Devices to overcome the limitations of sight.

- Many devices or optical instruments have been invented to overcome our

limitations of sight.

- Magnifying glass, microscope, telescope, binoculars, periscope, ultrasound

scanning device, X-ray machine and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)

machine are afew examples of such devices.

Devices to overcome the limitations of sight.
http://www.google.com.my/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=binoculars&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=ajHkNmcerbVFrM&tbnid=pSEfHIdXtm2KBM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.meatbeerbabes.com/stuff-guys-want/nikon-7216-action-8x40mm-binoculars/&ei=yZQZUcTGHoGbiQeUh4C4Bg&bvm=bv.42261806,d.aGc&psig=AFQjCNEC4UjD2vquLx933qTD2_5EmOXHow&ust=1360717371104600http://www.google.com.my/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=telescope&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=WjAn9srPiAE-CM&tbnid=dM3yhfTjPnpN0M:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://nowitssimplified.blogspot.com/&ei=X5QZUc60JMa0iQfpq4Bw&bvm=bv.42261806,d.aGc&psig=AFQjCNEC0k3d5dHD0OKpM125cjruTrQEuA&ust=1360717261913281http://www.google.com.my/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=magnifyingglass&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=MkdPXzZHS74B4M&tbnid=PxkFWsxAg_l0-M:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.100open.com/2011/10/how-diligent-is-your-due-diligence/magnifying-glass/&ei=-ZMZUYzcF-yfiAey8YDYAw&bvm=bv.42080656,d.aGc&psig=AFQjCNFNOhye-LhwOgEBx5-KhTaLy03Nxw&ust=1360717161878431http://www.google.com.my/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=microscope&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=SVn_CYOo9PnAAM&tbnid=T0FybybjRsVcCM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.haines.com.au/index.php/vce-microscope-with-light.html&ei=i5MZUcqiCOmViQfay4H4AQ&psig=AFQjCNFQolhRTc9Khppee_3EwOPGaFsYiw&ust=1360717008683487http://www.google.com.my/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=binoculars&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=ajHkNmcerbVFrM&tbnid=pSEfHIdXtm2KBM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.meatbeerbabes.com/stuff-guys-want/nikon-7216-action-8x40mm-binoculars/&ei=yZQZUcTGHoGbiQeUh4C4Bg&bvm=bv.42261806,d.aGc&psig=AFQjCNEC4UjD2vquLx933qTD2_5EmOXHow&ust=1360717371104600http://www.google.com.my/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=telescope&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=WjAn9srPiAE-CM&tbnid=dM3yhfTjPnpN0M:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://nowitssimplified.blogspot.com/&ei=X5QZUc60JMa0iQfpq4Bw&bvm=bv.42261806,d.aGc&psig=AFQjCNEC0k3d5dHD0OKpM125cjruTrQEuA&ust=1360717261913281http://www.google.com.my/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=magnifyingglass&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=MkdPXzZHS74B4M&tbnid=PxkFWsxAg_l0-M:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.100open.com/2011/10/how-diligent-is-your-due-diligence/magnifying-glass/&ei=-ZMZUYzcF-yfiAey8YDYAw&bvm=bv.42080656,d.aGc&psig=AFQjCNFNOhye-LhwOgEBx5-KhTaLy03Nxw&ust=1360717161878431http://www.google.com.my/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=microscope&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=SVn_CYOo9PnAAM&tbnid=T0FybybjRsVcCM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.haines.com.au/index.php/vce-microscope-with-light.html&ei=i5MZUcqiCOmViQfay4H4AQ&psig=AFQjCNFQolhRTc9Khppee_3EwOPGaFsYiw&ust=1360717008683487http://www.google.com.my/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=binoculars&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=ajHkNmcerbVFrM&tbnid=pSEfHIdXtm2KBM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.meatbeerbabes.com/stuff-guys-want/nikon-7216-action-8x40mm-binoculars/&ei=yZQZUcTGHoGbiQeUh4C4Bg&bvm=bv.42261806,d.aGc&psig=AFQjCNEC4UjD2vquLx933qTD2_5EmOXHow&ust=1360717371104600http://www.google.com.my/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=telescope&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=WjAn9srPiAE-CM&tbnid=dM3yhfTjPnpN0M:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://nowitssimplified.blogspot.com/&ei=X5QZUc60JMa0iQfpq4Bw&bvm=bv.42261806,d.aGc&psig=AFQjCNEC0k3d5dHD0OKpM125cjruTrQEuA&ust=1360717261913281http://www.google.com.my/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=magnifyingglass&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=MkdPXzZHS74B4M&tbnid=PxkFWsxAg_l0-M:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.100open.com/2011/10/how-diligent-is-your-due-diligence/magnifying-glass/&ei=-ZMZUYzcF-yfiAey8YDYAw&bvm=bv.42080656,d.aGc&psig=AFQjCNFNOhye-LhwOgEBx5-KhTaLy03Nxw&ust=1360717161878431http://www.google.com.my/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=microscope&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=SVn_CYOo9PnAAM&tbnid=T0FybybjRsVcCM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.haines.com.au/index.php/vce-microscope-with-light.html&ei=i5MZUcqiCOmViQfay4H4AQ&psig=AFQjCNFQolhRTc9Khppee_3EwOPGaFsYiw&ust=1360717008683487http://www.google.com.my/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=binoculars&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=ajHkNmcerbVFrM&tbnid=pSEfHIdXtm2KBM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.meatbeerbabes.com/stuff-guys-want/nikon-7216-action-8x40mm-binoculars/&ei=yZQZUcTGHoGbiQeUh4C4Bg&bvm=bv.42261806,d.aGc&psig=AFQjCNEC4UjD2vquLx933qTD2_5EmOXHow&ust=1360717371104600http://www.google.com.my/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=telescope&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=WjAn9srPiAE-CM&tbnid=dM3yhfTjPnpN0M:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://nowitssimplified.blogspot.com/&ei=X5QZUc60JMa0iQfpq4Bw&bvm=bv.42261806,d.aGc&psig=AFQjCNEC0k3d5dHD0OKpM125cjruTrQEuA&ust=1360717261913281http://www.google.com.my/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=magnifyingglass&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=MkdPXzZHS74B4M&tbnid=PxkFWsxAg_l0-M:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.100open.com/2011/10/how-diligent-is-your-due-diligence/magnifying-glass/&ei=-ZMZUYzcF-yfiAey8YDYAw&bvm=bv.42080656,d.aGc&psig=AFQjCNFNOhye-LhwOgEBx5-KhTaLy03Nxw&ust=1360717161878431http://www.google.com.my/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=microscope&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=SVn_CYOo9PnAAM&tbnid=T0FybybjRsVcCM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.haines.com.au/index.php/vce-microscope-with-light.html&ei=i5MZUcqiCOmViQfay4H4AQ&psig=AFQjCNFQolhRTc9Khppee_3EwOPGaFsYiw&ust=1360717008683487


5/11

1. Microscope

Instrument to magnify object such as virus.

Objective lens and eyepiece magnify image.Types- light microscope, electron

microscope

2. Magnifying glass

Limited magnifying power-10 to 15 times

Use to see small object.

Magnifying glass is convex lens.

3. Telescope

viewing distant objects -stars, planets , Moon.

Consists of two convex lenses- objective and eyepiece lens.

The image produced by the objective lens is magnified by theeyepiece lens.

4. Binoculars

Binoculars provide a stereoscopic vision of distant objects.

The parts of the binoculars and their functions are the same as those of the telescope.

Binoculars are actually a pair of telescope.

Use- watch horses running in a race
http://www.google.com.my/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=x+ray+machine&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=62Unqz2cXsiumM&tbnid=ZJ1kVKjVFx--AM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://mayamedica1.en.busytrade.com/products/info/1936191/Makh50-50kw-High-Frequency-X-ray-Machine.html&ei=RpYZUbnJHZCPiAenpoDABw&bvm=bv.42261806,d.aGc&psig=AFQjCNHKT-6qsCkfUl3FbV4Ahnv7uSQLkQ&ust=1360717717057926http://www.google.com.my/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=ultrasound+scanning+device&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=VDFfjzhSLsIcLM&tbnid=R2yH6N3CN4ErxM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://linkton1.en.made-in-china.com/product/JGgxEPruxnRe/China-B-Mode-Ultrasound-Scanner-CSBC-B-672A-.html&ei=lZUZUZ-6O8aSiAfW6oDwAQ&bvm=bv.42261806,d.aGc&psig=AFQjCNFv2vPWgYIA5J_1q-5fMU0vXR7UOg&ust=1360717581752720http://www.google.com.my/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=x+ray+machine&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=62Unqz2cXsiumM&tbnid=ZJ1kVKjVFx--AM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://mayamedica1.en.busytrade.com/products/info/1936191/Makh50-50kw-High-Frequency-X-ray-Machine.html&ei=RpYZUbnJHZCPiAenpoDABw&bvm=bv.42261806,d.aGc&psig=AFQjCNHKT-6qsCkfUl3FbV4Ahnv7uSQLkQ&ust=1360717717057926http://www.google.com.my/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=ultrasound+scanning+device&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=VDFfjzhSLsIcLM&tbnid=R2yH6N3CN4ErxM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://linkton1.en.made-in-china.com/product/JGgxEPruxnRe/China-B-Mode-Ultrasound-Scanner-CSBC-B-672A-.html&ei=lZUZUZ-6O8aSiAfW6oDwAQ&bvm=bv.42261806,d.aGc&psig=AFQjCNFv2vPWgYIA5J_1q-5fMU0vXR7UOg&ust=1360717581752720


6/11

5. Ultrasound scanning device

ultrasonic waves - create images -organ , fetus.

Device shaped like microphone is pressed against the area being scanned.

This device sends out very high frequency sound waves into the area being scanned.

The waves bounce back upon hitting an organ and an image of the organ is then

obtained on computer screen

6. X-rays

X-rays can also be used to detect the condition of certain organs or detect fracture of

bones.In medical X-rays, the X-rays penetrate the internal soft body tissues and form

images on a film which can be examined by a radiologist

7. Periscope

* A simple periscope consists of a tube containing two plane mirrors facing one another

at an angle 45 degree.

* The periscope used in submarines are larger and more complex. The submarines

periscope consists of reflecting prisms, two telescopes and several lenses to give clear

and magnified the image of objects.

8. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) machine

* MRI is a technique that createsimage of the body using a powerful magnetic field.

* It is very useful tool in medicine because it can create images of any cross section of

human body, including head, heart, arteries and veins, from any angle and

direction.MRI enables early diagnosis of many diseases.


7/11

LIMITATIONS OF HEARING

1. Our ears can only detect sounds within the frequency range of 20 Hz to 20 000

Hz. We cannot hear very low or very high frequency sounds.

2. Different people have different ranges of hearing.

(a) Childre have more elastic eardrums. They can hear better than adults.

(b) As we grow older, our eardrums become less elastic. Thus, our hearing

range become narrower.

3. We cannot hear sounds from a far distance clearly. We also cannot hear very

soft sounds like our heartbeat.

4. We can use several devices to overcome the limitations of hearing.

(a) Doctors use stethoscope to listen to the heartbeat of patients.

(b) Using a public address (PA) system, sounds casn be made laouder so that they

can be heard over a grater distance.

(i) A simple loudhailer consists of a microphone, an amplifier and a

loudspeaker.
http://www.google.com.my/imgres?q=stethoscope&hl=en&sa=X&tbo=d&biw=1024&bih=513&tbm=isch&tbnid=jI57q2-XjCsVmM:&imgrefurl=http://yzgoldenwell.en.made-in-china.com/productimage/AoqQZtxcHiWK-2f0j00UBvQAftchiqK/China-Dual-Head-Stethoscope-with-Inner-Spring-Binaural-JS015-.html&docid=TMt2x9ftfbuRWM&imgurl=http://image.made-in-china.com/2f0j00UBvQAftchiqK/Dual-Head-Stethoscope-with-Inner-Spring-Binaural-JS015-.jpg&w=2448&h=3264&ei=FJAZUcDTL8aciAen6oCICA&zoom=1&ved=1t:3588,r:14,s:0,i:189&iact=rc&dur=1171&sig=117192936037127062546&page=2&tbnh=175&tbnw=139&start=10&ndsp=15&tx=83&ty=93http://www.google.com.my/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=loudhailer&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=81f_bKoHlt0x4M&tbnid=VpTgvOmXeeQnWM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.surfshop.slsa.com.au/item/loud-hailer-with-siren_patrol%20equipment&ei=LpEZUeaFKq2OiAfi5IDoDA&bvm=bv.42080656,d.aGc&psig=AFQjCNELyKm0xxj6SBFHIkUseBv-HaAI4A&ust=1360716405270951http://www.google.com.my/imgres?q=stethoscope&hl=en&sa=X&tbo=d&biw=1024&bih=513&tbm=isch&tbnid=jI57q2-XjCsVmM:&imgrefurl=http://yzgoldenwell.en.made-in-china.com/productimage/AoqQZtxcHiWK-2f0j00UBvQAftchiqK/China-Dual-Head-Stethoscope-with-Inner-Spring-Binaural-JS015-.html&docid=TMt2x9ftfbuRWM&imgurl=http://image.made-in-china.com/2f0j00UBvQAftchiqK/Dual-Head-Stethoscope-with-Inner-Spring-Binaural-JS015-.jpg&w=2448&h=3264&ei=FJAZUcDTL8aciAen6oCICA&zoom=1&ved=1t:3588,r:14,s:0,i:189&iact=rc&dur=1171&sig=117192936037127062546&page=2&tbnh=175&tbnw=139&start=10&ndsp=15&tx=83&ty=93http://www.google.com.my/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=loudhailer&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=81f_bKoHlt0x4M&tbnid=VpTgvOmXeeQnWM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.surfshop.slsa.com.au/item/loud-hailer-with-siren_patrol%20equipment&ei=LpEZUeaFKq2OiAfi5IDoDA&bvm=bv.42080656,d.aGc&psig=AFQjCNELyKm0xxj6SBFHIkUseBv-HaAI4A&ust=1360716405270951


8/11

(ii) A large one such as the one used in a music concert involves several

powerful amplifiers and loudspeakers.


9/11


10/11

NAME : NUR FARHANA NATASHA BINTI TAHIR.

CLASS : 2 AL-BIRUNI

DATE OF BIRTH : 11 JULY 1999

ADDRESS : BLOCK E8-16, APT FADASON PARK,

JALAN 2/17, OFF JALAN KEPONG,

52000, KUALA LUMPUR.

PLACE OF BIRTH : HOSPITAL KUALA LUMPUR

HOBBY : SURFING INTERNET

AMBITION : DOCTOR

FATHERS NAME : TAHIR BIN ABU HASAN

MOTHERS NAME : SARIDAH BINTI ISHAK @JAAFAR


11/11

Documents

Devices to Overcome the Limitations of Sight (Adik)