Different aged peopleDifferent aged people

Prof. Dr. Jin BQNJNU

Aged periodsAged periods

InfantsPreschool childSchool childAdultElder

§4 Infants Nutrition§4 Infants Nutrition & Food Supplement & Food Supplement

P181-188P181-188

1 Introduction1.1 Birth to face 1th Stress, out of mother 1th Fast growing period(0-3y)

1.2 New Born: Indexes BW: 3.3kg (2-4kg/BW) BH: 50-55cm Chest cycle < Head cycle Survival in 0 day-2 weeks

2 Growth2.1 BW: 6m-old 1y-old 3y-old

6kg 9kg 12-15kg

2.2 BH: 60-65cm 70-80cm 90-100cm

2.3 Three circle: Head, Chest, Arm

Chest = Head Chest > Head

Arm 11cm to 16cm

2.4 Organs:Stomach-V: 30-50ml to 100-200mlTeeth: 20, 4-10m

3 Body composition3 Body composition suppl.suppl.

3.1 Ratio

3.1.1 New born: H2O Fat % 75 12-15

3.1.2 1-yare old: H2O Fat % 60 24

4 Nutritional Requirement4 Nutritional Requirement

4.1 Property: Higher Nutr/Energy density

4.2 EnergyAmount is 3-4 times as adultsCH2O & fat are same important for supplying E

DRIs: 100-200kcal/kg BW + 5kcal/1g BW

CH2O = 5g/kg BW

Fat = 4g/kg BW, 30-45% in GE

Both supply is over 2/3 in GE

4.3 Protein4.3 Protein

Amount is 3-5 times as adults

requires more better protein

1.5-3.0g/kg.BW/d

DRIs: 1.6-2.2g/kg BW by mother’s nursing

3-4g/kg BW by suckling cow milk

8+1 （ Histidine), Lys/1st

1y-old: 35g/d; 2-3y-old: 40g/d

4.4 Fat: 6m-old: 45-50% in GE1y-old: 35-40% in GE2-3y-old: 30-35%

4.5 Carbohydrate: Cereal CH2O Allergy diarrhoea

Amount to be increasing

4.6 Water 120-150ml/kg BW/d Reasons: easy to de-water & help to excrete

4.7 Minerals Ca: 400-600mg/d.pFe: 10mg/d.p in 4mZn: 3-5mg/d.pSe: 15g/d.pI: 40-50 g/d.pNaCl > 6m-old

4.8 Vitamins: A, D, Bcom

5 Feeding methods & principle5 Feeding methods & principle

Nursing (Breast milk)

Formula Milk

Weanling Foods’ Supplement

5.1 Nursing direction 5.1 Nursing direction p184p184

5.1.1 Mother nursing: Breast milk suckling in 24hs

A Composition: Ca & Protein CH2O

B Colostrum: Supply IgA, IgM, Lymph T,

Lactoferrin, Lysozyme et al for improving its immune

5..1.2 Emotion & health for M-I5.1.3 Nursing/Wetting time: 4-10m

A Time & amount

B Supplying sequence

5.2 Formula milk powder5.2 Formula milk powder p186-187p186-187

Principle: Designing for different aged Additiving whey, AA (Lys), FA, lactoce--- Moving out protein, CA, Na, K and Cl from dairy

Application: 0-6m-old & 6-12m-old for Mixture feeding or artificial feeding

Weanling foods: as breast nuring

5.3 Weanling foods 5.3 Weanling foods p185-187p185-187

Dairy milk continouring

• 2nd stress after birth

• Food style change

Liquid half solid solidSimple complex

•Weaning time: 4 -10m old

• Stand up to walk

0-1y-old0-1y-old

Kinds of weanling foods 汁液：蔬菜汁、果汁等 泥：蛋黄、果泥、菜泥、肉泥、肝泥等 羹：蛋羹、鱼羹、肉羹、米糊、面糊等 粥：菜粥、肉粥、鱼粥、肝粥等 烂面条：菜面、肉面、鱼面等 烂饭：菜饭、肉饭、鱼饭等Principle

先单一、低浓度 混合物、较高浓度5-10 天起喂葡萄糖水，避免新生儿黄胆6 月龄前尽量避免用食盐4-6 月龄起注意补充： Fe, Vit.D & A

6 Meals arranging for 1-3y-old infants6 Meals arranging for 1-3y-old infants

Dairy milk: 2-4 cups/d

3 meals + 2-3 snacks

Fruids

Special cooking

Suitable dietary energy supplying with good protein

7 Innutrition/abiotrophy 7 Innutrition/abiotrophy p188p188

Richets

IDA

Zinc deficiency

Protein deficiency