8TH GRADE CORE REVIEW

STANDARD 1

CHANGING MATTER

Differentiate between chemical and physical properties. L-47

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uJOGy0dgmUU

Investigate and report on the chemical and physical properties of a particular substance. L-47,48

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=18wEp_SnM0s

Classify substances based on their chemical and physical properties (e.g., reacts with water, does not react with water, flammable or nonflammable, hard or soft, flexible or nonflexible, evaporates or melts at room temperature).

Objective 2: Observe and evaluate evidence of chemical and physical change.

a. Identify observable evidence of a physical change (e.g., change in shape, size, phase.)

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WsKGD0evbAc

Identify the kinds of energy (e.g., heat, light, sound) given off or taken in when a substance undergoes a chemical or physical change.

Relate the amount of energy added or taken away from a substance to the motion of molecules in the substance.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=88tK5c0wgH4

Measure and graph the relationship between the states of water and changes in its temperature.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2E4uK6zoJmo

Cite evidence showing that heat may be given off or taken in during a chemical change (e.g. striking a match, mixing vinegar and antacid, mixing ammonium chloride and water.)

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=48sLH9P8QK0&safe=active

Plan and conduct an experiment, and report the effect of adding or removing energy on the chemical and physical changes.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M3-OAwhIvU0&safe=active

Identify the reactants and products in a given chemical change, and describe the presence of the same atoms in both the reactants and products.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mcnga-bbNXk

In a chemical reaction in which new products are formed, the number of atomsOn the reactant side have to equal the number of atoms on the products side.

Reactants Products

6CO2 + 6H2O --- C6H12O6 + 6O2

36 atoms 36 atoms

Cite examples of common significant chemical reactions (i.e., photosynthesis, respiration, combustion, rusting) in daily life.

6CO2 + 6H2O C6H12O6 + 6O2 Photosynthesis

6CO2 + 6H2O C6H12O6 + 6O2 Respiration

Oxidation of Iron (rusting) 4 Fe + 3 O2 2 Fe2O3

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eG7Vk4LmQgM

Demonstrate that mass is conserved in a chemical reaction (e.g. mix two solutions that result in a color change or formation of a precipitate, weigh the solutions before and after mixing.)

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mcnga-bbNXk

Experiment with variables affecting the relative rates of chemical changes (e.g., heating, cooling, stirring, crushing, and concentration.)

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C81r6PEwL8M

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XX9Xo6zm_kM

Research and report on how engineers have applied principles of chemistry to an application encountered in daily life (e.g., heat-resistant plastic handles on pans, rust-resistant paints on highway bridges).

Research and report on how engineers have applied principles of chemistry to an application

encountered in daily life (e.g., heat-resistant plastic handles on pans, rust-resistant paints on

highway bridges).

Standard IV

Force, Energy, & Motion

STANDARD IV: Students will understand the relationships among energy, force and motion.

Objective 1: Investigate the movement of energy through various materials.

Relate the energy of a wave to wavelength

The shorter the wavelength the greater the energy.

The top wave has the shorter wavelength and thus has more energy than the bottom wave.

Compare the movement of energy (i.e., sound, light, earthquake waves, heat) through various mediums.

A medium is what the waves travel through: Solids Liquids Gases

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2Wlh3M2a10U

Describe the spread of energy away from an energy-producing source.Describe the spread of energy away

from an energy-producing source.

Energy spreads away from the source in all directions like a rock thrown in a pool of water.

Compare the movement of heat by conduction, convection, and

radiation and provide examples of each

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7MVEePXwAeI

Demonstrate how white light can be separated into the visible color

spectrum.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yvMnURU1T24

Examine the force exerted on objects by gravity

Distinguish between mass and weight.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1whMAIGNq7E

Cite examples of how Earth's gravitational force on an object depends upon the mass of the object.

The bigger the mass, the bigger the force of gravity.

Describe how Earth's gravitational force on an object depends upon

the distance of the object from the Earth.

As an object leaves the surface of the Earth, the pull of gravity on the object becomes less.

Design and build structures to support a load.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lEJEG0NLv70

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dGQfUWvP0II

Engineer (design and build) a machine that uses gravity to accomplish a task.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QriRtKvLd2c

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RkLfpXpO5sQ

Calculate the mechanical advantage created by a lever.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mUL-swYDIZE

Engineer a device that uses levers or inclined planes to create a mechanical advantage.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=l1oCpWZk8pk

Engineer a device that uses friction to control the motion of an object.

http://www.uen.org/core/science/sciber/sciber8/stand-4/bullseye.shtml

Design, and build a complex machine capable of doing a specified task.

Grapesmasher

Analyze the cyclic nature of potential and kinetic energy (e.g., a bouncing ball, pendulum.)

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7K4V0NvUxRg

Trace the conversion of energy from one form of energy to another (e.g., light to chemical to mechanical.)

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=64y5JFTS3BI

Cite examples of how organisms sense various types of energy

Investigate and report the response of various organisms to changes in energy (e.g., plant response to light, human response to motion, sound, light, insects response to changes in light intensity).

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zHe7y8cy-7Y

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uJpgMDOZInA

Investigate and describe how engineers have developed devices to help us sense various types of energy (e.g., seismographs, eyeglasses, telescopes, hearing aids).

http://www.uen.org/core/science/sciber/sciber8/stand-4/devices.shtml