DIVISION NINEDIVISION NINE REALISMREALISM

Ⅰ. General Introduction

Ⅱ. Realism in France

Ⅲ. Realism in Russia

Ⅳ. Realism in Northern Europe

Ⅴ. Realism in England

Ⅵ. Realism in the United States

Ⅶ. Art

Ⅷ. Music at the Turn of the Century

General IntroductionGeneral Introduction

1. What Is Realism?

2. The Historical Background

1. Stendhal (1783-1842)1. Stendhal (1783-1842)

﹡ Armance (1827)

﹡ Le Rouge et le Noir (1830)

﹡la Chartreuse de Parme (1839)

2. Honoré de Balzac

﹡ Eugenie Grandet (1833)

﹡ Le Père Goriot (1834)

﹡ la Cousine Bette (1846)

3. Gustave Flaubert (1821-1880)

﹡ Madame Bovary

4. Émile Zola (1840-1902)

﹡ Les Rougen-Maxquarts

5. Guy de Maupassant (1850-1893)

﹡ The Necklace

﹡ The Piece of String

﹡ The Umbrella

1. Nikolai Gogol (1809-1852)1. Nikolai Gogol (1809-1852)

﹡ Dead Souls

2. Ivan Sergeyevich Turgenev (1818-1883)

﹡ A Hunter’s Sketches

﹡ Rudin

﹡ A Nest of Gentlefolk

﹡ Fathers and Sons

3. Fyodor Dostoyevsky (1821-1881)

﹡ The House of Death

﹡ Grime and Punishment

﹡ The Brothers Karamazov

4. Count Leo Tolstoy (1828-1910)

﹡ War and Peace

﹡ Anna Karenina

5. Anton Pavlovich Chekhov (1860-1904)

﹡ The Seagull

﹡ Uncle Vanya

﹡ The Three Sisters

﹡ The Cherry Orchard

1. Henrik Ibsen (1828-1906)1. Henrik Ibsen (1828-1906)

﹡ A Doll’s House

﹡ Ghosts

﹡ An Enemy of the People

﹡ The Wild Duck and Hedda Gabler

2. August Strindberg (1849-1912)

﹡ Master Loaf

﹡The Son of a Servant

﹡ A Fool’s Defence

﹡ Alone

1. Charles Dickens (1812-1870)1. Charles Dickens (1812-1870)

﹡ Oliver Twist

﹡ A Tale of Two Cities

﹡ A Christmas Carol

﹡ Hard Times

﹡ Bleak House

﹡ David Copperfield

2. George Eliot (1819-1880)

﹡ Middlemarch

﹡ The Mill on the Floss

﹡ Adam Bede

﹡ Silas Marner

3. William Makepeace Thackeray (1811-1863)

﹡ Vanity Fair

4. Thomas Hardy (1840-1928)

﹡ Far from the Madding Crowd

﹡ The Return of the Native

﹡ The Mayor of Casterbridge

﹡ Tess of the d’Urberyvilles

﹡ Jude the Obscure

5. George Bernard Shaw (1856-1950) (1856-1950)

﹡ The Doctor’s Dilemma

﹡ Man and Superman

﹡ St. Joan

﹡ The Apple Cart

﹡ Major Barbara

﹡ Pygmalion

1. Harriet Beecher Stowe (1811-1896)1. Harriet Beecher Stowe (1811-1896)

﹡ Uncle Tom’s Cabin

2. Walt Whitman (1819-1892)

﹡ When Lilacs Last in the Dooryard Bloom’d

﹡ Leaves of Grass

3. Mark Twain(1835-1910)

﹡ Life on the Mississippi

﹡ The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Caraveras County

﹡ The Adventure of Huckleberry Finn

﹡ The Gilded Age

﹡ The Adventure of Tom Sawyer

﹡ The Prince and the Pauper

4. Henry James (1843-1916)

﹡ The Portrait of a Lady

﹡ The Passionate Pilgrim and Other Stories

﹡ Daisy Miller

﹡ The Golden Bowl

﹡ The Beast in the Jungle

Art Art

1. Realism in Art

2. Impressionism in Art

3. Post-Impressionism

4. Sculpture

5. Architecture

a. Gustave Courbet (1819-1877)

The stonebreakers

Burial at OrnansBurial at Ornans

b. Jean-Francois Milllet (1814-1875)

The Sower

Cleaners

a. Èdouard Manet (1832-1883)a. Èdouard Manet (1832-1883)

﹡ le Dejeuner sur L’hérbe (1863)

﹡ Foliers Bergers (1882)

The Luncheon on the Grass(French: Le déjeuner sur l'herbe)Édouard Manet, 1862–1863Oil on canvas

A Bar at the Folies-BergèreÉdouard Manet, 1882Oil on canvas

b. Claude Monet (1840-1926)

c. Camille Pissarro (1830-1903)

Unknown photographer, Camille Pissaro and his wife, Julie Vellay, 1877, Pontoise

Self-portrait, 1903, Tate Gallery, London

Place du Theatre Francais

d. Pierre Auguste Renoir (1841-1919)

Moulin de la galette

e. Hilaire Germain Edgar Degas (1834-1917)

﹡ Café Concert

﹡ The Glass of Absinthe

﹡ Ballerina on the stage

a. Paul Cézanne (1839-1906)a. Paul Cézanne (1839-1906)

The Boy in Red Vest

b. Vincent van Gogh (1853-1890)

Sunflower

Starry Night The Night Café

c. Paul Gauguin (1848-1903)

Vision after the Sermon

La Orana Maria

Sculpture Sculpture

The Thinker

The Man with the Broke Nose

Music at the Turn of the CenturyMusic at the Turn of the Century

1. Antonin Dvorák 2. Claude Debussy