DNA Structure & Function

Perspective

They knew where genes were (Morgan)They knew what chromosomes were made of Proteins & nucleic acids

They didn’t know which one was the gene Better case for proteins

The DNA Structure

Watson and Crick Used model

exploration

Rosalind Franklin X-ray crystallography

Chargaff’s rule A-T; G-C

DNA Replication

Life reproduces itself

Genes (DNA) are inherited

How does the structure of DNA make it easy to replicate itself for cell division?

DNA Replication

Cloning

Genes: How they work

Review the flow of information from DNA RNA proteinAll our traits that are expressed (physical, biological, and chemical) is produced by proteins

Genes: How they work

The Genetic Dictionary

Transcription

RNA Processing

Translation

How does the codon on mRNA get translated into an amino acid?

Adapter molecule?

Transfer RNA (tRNA)

Translation

Translation

MutationsKnowing the genetic code help us understand inherited disorders

A single genetic mutation

Mutations

Any change in the nucleotide sequence of DNA

Note: the DNA sequence is not shown here but the RNA and amino acid sequence is represented

Mutations

Base-substitutions can sometimes lead to a beneficial changeIt’s these beneficial changes that can lead to better adaptations and evolution of new species

Mutations

Mutations are the only source of new genetic material

The diversity of life around us is due in large part to random mutations of the DNA nucleotide sequence