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©Copyright AARNet Pty Ltd

IP Telephony Working Group

QUESTnet 2003Session 2 - Issues and Directions


ISSUES

BoF Session

• ENUM

• DIAL PLAN

• BILLING

–VoIP/QoS billing within AARNet

–User billing for VoIP calls

• Off-net PABX calls

• IP Phone calls

• Other issues from the floor.


ENUM

A hive of activity in Australia

or

Who do you want to call today?


ENUM – What is it?

• ENUM, at its most basic, is the convergence of PSTN and IP networks.

• ENUM is a solution to finding people through a telephone number.

• ENUM is about choice: video, SIP, fax, PSTN and others.

• ENUM preferences are user-defined, giving you the power to do what you want.


ENUM – An example

A phone number such as

+61-3-9214-5000

becomes a DNS domain name

0.0.0.5.4.1.2.9.3.1.6.e164.arpa.


ENUM – Australian Root Delegation

• Owners– Root registry .e164.arpa is ITU-T– Australian registry .1.6.e164.arpa is ACA

• Who will be the registrar for 61 (or .1.6.e164.arpa.)?• Will it be distributed or will it be a central database?• Who will manage it?

• The ACA has a working group to investigate these issues.– The National Study Group no.2


ENUM – What will it do for me?

Today I want to call Chris Myers…

• Step 1: Dial desk phone

• (goes to Voicemail)

• Step 2: Dial mobile phone

• (switched off)

• Step 3: Send an e-mail

• (wait 2 days for response – if lucky)

With ENUM:• Dial ENUM number• Chris is working from HOME

-> Call is routed through to his home phone.


ENUM – What else will it do for me?

• How can ENUM help me to communicate?

I want to find out how to call Ruston.

Does he have a….

phone, SIP phone, Video phone?

Oh, he has all three, but I can call him on his SIP

phone for free….


ENUM – What next?

• ACA to distribute 61 (or .1.6.e164.arpa.).• Have a secure Database to store all the data.• Give all Australians an ENUM Number.• Take over the world!


DISCUSSION

• YOUR TURN FOR INPUT


DIAL PLAN


Why AARNet needs to work on a dial plan

• The “V” in VoIP in this presentation stands for both Voice and Video.

• E.164 is short for Telephone number – ITU-T standard E.164 - see reference to site in this presentation.


1234 or0 3789 1234

3789 1234

PSTN

operator

9 or0 3789 1000

IP CallServer

IP Phones

PABX

1234 or0 3789 1234

3789 1234

PSTN

operator

9 or0 3789 1000

PABX

1234 or0 3789 1234

operator

9 or0 3789 1000

PABXoperator

9 or0 3789 1000

PABX/IP Phone Call Server Dial Plan


Australian Number Plan

• As published by the ACAhttp://scaleplus.law.gov.au/html/instruments/0/30/top.htm

• Defines what numbers users dial to make phone calls throughout Australia.

• Dial plan varies depending on the physical location of where the call is originating from ie can call telephones in the same Area Code without needing to dial the Area Code.

• Uses 0011 as an access code to dial International Dialplan.http://www.itu.int/itudoc/itu-t/ob-lists/icc/e164_763.html


PSTN

IP CallServer

IP Phones

International

0 0011 44 2 6222 3555

0011 44 2 6222 3555

44 2 6222 3555PSTN

IP CallServer

IP Phones0 02 6222 3555

02 6222 3555

0 3744 2222

PSTN

IP CallServer

IP Phones

3744 2222

PSTN

IP CallServer

IP Phones

Australian Number Plan


Routing calls through AARNet VoIP

• H.323 and SIP have no concept of physical location. Thus the “core network” has no concept of a “local number”.

• The AARNet Video and IPTel Working Groups’ recommendation is to use the international E.164 dial plan.

• Will route call using International Dial plan to:–VoIP destinations registered on AARNet VoIP

(permission depending on destination)–PSTN if reached via a local call from Canberra, Sydney,

Brisbane, Perth, Adelaide, Melbourne (call must be from an IP address registered with AARNet)

• Will route to Australian “Geographic” numbers via an access code (call must be from an IP address registered with AARNet).


Campus

AARNet VoIP

61 2 6222 3555

PSTNLocal call area

Campus PABX

VoIPGW 3555

02 6222 3555if via a local call charge

via one of the major RNOs

6222 3555

Campus

AARNet VoIP

61 2 6222 3555

PSTN

Campus

61 2 6222 3555

PABX

VoIPGW 3555 3555

PSTN

Campus

AARNet VoIP

Campus PABX 3555

PSTNCellular Mobile Network

Campus

AARNet VoIP

Campus PABX

VoIPGW

61 419 417 471

0419 417 471

Routing calls through AARNet VoIP


Accessing various networks ie 192.168.x.x

ANP “Internal Network Service” Numbers:• 61 0017 0• 61 0017 1• 61 0017 5ANP “Stays in originating network”:• 61 12 61 Int Root gatekeepers.• 61 12 62• 61 12 63• 61 12 64• 61 12 65• 61 12 66• 61 12 67• 61 12 68ANP “Exists Originating Network’ numbers:• 61 12 69 PSTN via most convenient AARNet core Voice GW.

Note: ANP=Australian Numbering Plan


Now for the hard part…

How to connect to International VoIP Networks

For example:• Australian VoIP Carriers• International VoIP Carriers• ViDe.Net project (www.vide.net) and Internet2 commons

project (www.internet2.edu)• ENUM derived addresses

Each of these uses different dial plans.


ViDe.Net sponsored international root Gatekeepers

• Gatekeeper software supplied by Radvision.• International “root” gatekeepers at ACT RNO (supplied by

AARNet), Wales (UKERNA), and two in the USA. Located to support the surrounding timezone.

• ViDe.Net dial plan looks like the international E.164 with one important difference: it has 00 in front of it!

SOLUTION: Use an “ip-ip gateway”, or “back-to-back gateway” or “gatekeeper in routed mode” (with/without proxy) to do the number translation.


ViDe.Net

AARNet VoIP

Back-to-backGateway

(does numbertranslation)

ViDe.Net

AARNet VoIP

Back-to-backGateway


00 61 2 6222 3555

61 2 6222 3555

ViDe.Net

AARNet VoIP

61xxxx00 1 407 1234 1234

Back-to-backGateway


or00 1 407 1234 1234

00 1 407 1234 1234

ViDe.Net

AARNet VoIP

61 1261 00 1 407 1234 1234

Back-to-backGateway


00 1 407 1234 1234

ViDe.Net

AARNet VoIP

5.5.5.3.2.2.2.6.2.6.1.e164-arpa

Back-to-backGateway


ENUMdirectorylookup

callto:61 2 6222 3555mailto:[email protected]

SIP:61 2 6222 3555

61 2 6222 3555

ViDe.Net

AARNet VoIP

4.3.2.1.5.4.3.2.1.4.4.e164-arpa

Back-to-backGateway


ENUMdirectorylookup

callto:44 1 2345 1234mailto:[email protected]

SIP:44 1 2345 1234

44 1 2345 1234


int dialplan

Gatekeeper overseas(ie using international diallplan)

Back to back Gatewaydoes numberplan conversion

some of theACA Number plan

InternationalRoot Gatekeeper

(ViDe.net)

00 + international number

internationalnumber plan

ViDe.Net

PABXor voicenetwork

AARNetGatekeeper

(Australian Root gK)International dialplan

Gateway

vide.net number

CSIRO/AARNetMCU

int dialplan

MemberGatekeeper

Video

ENUM

International RootGatekeeper(ViDe.net)

00 + international number

APL voiceGateways at RNOs

PSTN(Local call and

mobiles)

PSTNExpensive long

distance call

calls preselectedwith 1269

h.323 Terminalie Video Terminal

AARNetPUBLIC

GatekeeperVideo


MemberGatekeeper(Optional)

Telephony

int dialplan

PABXor voicenetwork

Gateway

int dialplanone way

int dialplanone way

ACA NumberingPlan

IP Phone

ACA Number plan

IP Phone

int dialplan


APL VIDEOGateways at RNO

ISDN

numbers startingwith 61 1268

some other dialplan

Gatekeeper overseas(ie using some other diallplan)

61 followed byACA

Number plan

ViDe.NetDialplans

00 61ViDe.Netdialplan

Internationalonly

viDeNet DIALPLANINTERNATIONAL DIALPLAN

viDeNet DIALPLANINTERNATIONAL DIALPLAN


DISCUSSION



BILLING


AARNet BILLING – Current system

What is wrong with the current system?

Existing billing relies on data gathered from Gateways, which means the following problems occur:

• VoIP Telephone calls from an IP Telephone to another IP Telephone are not charged.

• Video conference calls are not charged.• QoS Policing is based on access lists in the RNOs.• QoS costs money to implement and support.


AARNet BILLING – IPTEL/Video models

There are two types considered:• Usage of Transmitted QoS based billing;• Subscription billing based on QoS allocation.

These models do not appear to work successfully:• QoS Usage based on Received Bytes;• Billing Using call records.


AARNet BILLING – Usage model

• Net flow records are used to charge Members for TRANSMITTED bytes that use QoS, for example $X per MByte transmitted.

• Problems:–Does not scale well for very large number of

devices (i.e. many phones instead of a few gateways).

–Very high processing requirements if extended to different QoS levels.

–Potential problems in traffic counting on very high-speed backbone services.


AARNet BILLING – Subscription model

• Should be on TRANSMITTED traffic.• Fixed rate per month per TOS level above the base ToS 0 rate.

Eg.– $X times 10 for ToS 5– $X times 5 for ToS 4– $X times 3 for ToS 3

• All members negotiate an allocation of QoS (above a default allocation) eg

– 500 kbps of TOS=5 (20 concurrent phone calls)– 384 kbps of TOS=4 (video conference over IP)

• Additional capacity in would be bought.– For example $Y per month to get 1Mbps TOS=4 and

100kbps of TOS=5.


AARNet BILLING – Subscription model cont.

• Advantage:– Does not require traffic counting to QoS levels;– Member has the choice of service to suit requirements.

• Problems / Requirements:– Requires full implementation of QoS within the network;– Requires classification and policing at the RNO member

entry points to AARNet;– Requires the member to take responsibility and control

traffic sent to AARNet;– Member sites could implement their own gatekeeper service

to manager bandwidth.


AARNet BILLING – Issues and reality

• Probably something in-between.

• Is it simple?• Is it technically robust to support?• Does it match the value of the service?• How to police QoS coming from ISPs to members?• Simplify policing in RNOs.• Is it robust against DoS attacks?• Gatekeepers can be used to limit the use of

bandwidth.


USER BILLING

• What are the you using for VoIP and IP phone billing.? eg.

– USQ is using Telmax-21 from Transmit.• VoIP via PABX gateways.• IP Phone from CCM data.

– Flinders Uni. is using the OnTrac service from provider – Vircom.

• VoIP via PABX gateway.• IP Phone are under development.


DISCUSSION



AARNet IP Telephony Working Group

• IPTEL Working Group web sitehttp://www.aarnet.edu.au/engineering/wgs/iptel/

• Inform the Steering Committee about any activities that you would like the group to investigate.

• Share your own experiences, including problems and solutions, with the group.• Get involved with this and other AARNet Working Groups.

http://www.aarnet.edu.au/engineering/wgs/Video over IPIPv6QoSMulticast

• Subscribe to the mailing lists of AARNet Working Groups.http://lists.aarnet.edu.au/mailman/listinfo/

• Contact the Working Group Support [email protected]

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