Draft Philippine OGP Action Plan

8/4/2019 Draft Philippine OGP Action Plan

1/13

PhilippineGovernmentActionPlan2012

fortheOpenGovernmentPartnership

1Januaryto31December2012

ADiscussionDocument

1

NoteonStatus(asof15September2011):thisisaworkingdraftofthePhilippine

Government Action Plan for the OpenGovernment Partnership (OGP).Thiswas

crafted after soliciting inputs from Cabinet officialsi and after conducting initial

consultationswithstakeholders.

DuringthepreparatoryperiodofOctobertoDecember2011,thisPhilippineOGP

Action Plan will be subject to further refinements as well as to broader publicconsultations with stakeholders. After a final plan has been approved by the

President,implementationwillcommenceinJanuary2012.

***

InstitutionalizingPeoplePowerinGovernance

ToEnsureDirect,ImmediateandSubstantialBenefitstothePoor

OnFebruary25,1986,theFilipinoPeopletoppledadictatorshipafterfourdaysofnonviolentprotest.Cryingouttamana,sobrana!

iithepeoplepouredoutinto

the streetsafterheedingthe callof religiousand civic leaders toprotectrebel

soldiersandtherebyendthedecades-longdictatorshipofFerdinandE.Marcos,

with its corruption, human rights violations and worsening poverty. The EDSA

PeoplePowerRevolution of1986 culminated intheinaugurationofCorazon C.

AquinohousewifeofamartyriiiofMartialLawasPresidentofthePhilippines.

Twenty-five years after this historical milestone, the Philippines has a new

opportunitytoputtheaspirationsofPeoplePowerforreformbackontrack.Witharesoundingmandate

iv,PresidentBenignoS.AquinoIIIwoninthelastMay2010

elections to replace an administration plagued with allegations of massive

corruption,alackofpolitical legitimacyandan inability toaddressthewidening

gapbetweenrichandpoor.Hiscampaignmessage, kungwalangcorrupt,walang

mahirap,vresonatedwithanelectorateyearningforchange.


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President Aquino made a Social Contract with the Filipino People, where he

committedtobethenationsfirstandmostdeterminedfighterofcorruption,and

where heenvisions therebuildingofpublic institutions that operateunder the

highest standardsof integrity andon solidaritywith thepeople. ThePhilippine

DevelopmentPlan,

vi

whichfleshes-outthisSocialContract,isanchoredonfightingcorruption and establishing transparent, accountable and participatory

governanceasnecessarypreconditionstoachievingpovertyreduction,inclusive

growth,enhancedpeaceandecologicalintegrity.

ThismotiveforceforthesereformsisPeoplePower:aparadigmforachievingthe

nationsprogressbyensuringtheactiveandmeaningfulparticipationofcitizens

in public policy and programs. The Philippine Government aims to transform

PeoplePowerfromanonviolentformofstreetprotesttoameansforcitizensand

workersingovernmenttocollaborateinthehallsofgovernmenttoensurethatthe benefits of governance reaches the poor in a direct, immediate and

substantialway.Incontrasttothesecrecy,impunityandcollusionamongselfish

factions in the past, People Power seeks to widen the democratic space for

citizensintheirveryowngovernment.

ThePhilippineGovernmentseesopengovernmentasameanstooperationalize

andinstitutionalizePeoplePower.Itwilltakeonthevitalchallengesofimproving

publicservices,increasingpublicintegrity andmoreeffectivelymanagingpublic

resources: so that the Aquino administrations vision of kung walang corrupt,walangmahirapcanbefulfilled.

In crafting this ActionPlan, thePhilippineGovernment consultedwith national

networks of civil society organizations (CSOs)vii. This Action Plan is for

implementationstartingJanuary1,2012;andtheperiodofOctobertoDecember

2011willserveasthepreparatoryphase.

I. OpenGovernmentEffortstoDate

Since the new Aquino administration took the helm on June 30, 2010, the

Philippine Government has embarked on several initiatives to institute

transparency,accountabilityandparticipationingovernance,withthehelpof

informationtechnology.


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StartingtheTraditionofTransparency

Mandatory Disclosure of Budget Information. The Government hasembedded provisions in the 2011 National Budgetits first financial

blueprintthatmandatethepublicationofmajorinformationonbudgets,finance and performance indicators in the websites of national

departmentsandagencies.viii

Transparency in LocalGovernance.TheDepartmentof Interior andLocalGovernmentdepartmenthasrequiredinAugust2010allLocalGovernment

Units (LGUs) to post in local bulletin boards, newspapers and websites

informationontheirutilizationoffundsandimplementationofprojects.As

ofAugust26,2011,70provinces,130citiesand1,305municipalitieshave

compliedwiththispolicy.ix

Official Gazette Online. The Government has embarked on placing theentire corpus of Laws and Supreme Court decisions

x and Presidential

issuancesxionlineforthefirsttime,

xiiaswellasdailyupdatesfromagencies.

JumpstartingCitizenParticipation

Participatory Budget Process. In crafting the 2012 National Budget, sixdepartments and three government corporations piloted a consultativebudgetpreparation processwith CSOs.

xiii To support citizen engagement,

the Budget department has begun publishing the Peoples Budget, a

summarizedandlaymansversionoftheannualNationalBudget.

Participatory Development Planning. The Government, through theNationalEconomicandDevelopmentAuthority,hasconductedaseriesof

publicconsultationsinthecraftingofthePhilippineDevelopmentPlanfor

2011 to 2016xiv. Citizen participation was also tapped for sector

developmentplanning;forinstance,theLabordepartmenthasconductedconsultationswithlabor,business,youth,academeandotherstakeholders

incraftingtheLaborandEmploymentPlanfor2011-2016.


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Partnerships for Effective Service Delivery. Agencies have entered intopartnerships with stakeholders in monitoring program and project

implementation.Forinstance,thePublicWorksdepartmenthaspartnered

withabroadcoalitionofCSOsandothergroupsinmonitoringpublicworks

projects.xv

The Social Welfare department has entered into partnershipswith222 national and local CSOsand othergroups for themonitoringof

social protection programs including the conditional cash transfer

program.xvi The Interior and Local Government department has also

partnered with 28 national and 124 regional CSOs to help monitor

transparencyandaccountabilityofLGUs.xvii

InstitutionalizingPublicAccountability

Results-Oriented Fiscal Management. Fiscal reform in the AquinoadministrationbeganwiththereintroductionoftheZero-BasedBudgeting

(ZBB) approach in 2010. ZBB enables the government to review and

terminate programs and projects that no longer deliver on intended

outcomes,andtorealignfundingtootherprioritiesespeciallyineducation

and healthcare.xviii

ZBB, together with the Medium-Term Expenditure

Frameworkxix and theOrganizational Performance Indicator Framework

xx,

pavesthewayforresults-orientedfiscalmanagement.

Accountability of Government Corporations. The Government-Owned orControlled Corporations (GOCC)GovernanceActof 2011 to addresspast

abuses and patronage that made GOCCs virtual cash cows of previous

governmentofficials;promotetheirfinancialviabilityandfiscaldiscipline;

andmakeGOCCstrulyaccountabletothepeople.

CitizensChartersandCitizensReportCards.TheAnti-RedTapeActof2007requiresallagenciestocraftaCitizensChartertosimplifyproceduresand

facilitate transactions. Todate, 71%of agenciesxxi have issued aCitizens

Charter. It also provides that all governmentagencies providing frontlineservices shall be subjected to a Report Card Survey to obtain feedback

regardingtheirimplementationoftheCitizensCharter.


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Revenue Integrity. The Finance department has intensified its revenueintegritycampaigns

xxii,andhasfiled184taxevasioncases,39casesagainst

suspected smugglers and 86 cases against suspected corrupt collection

employeesasofJuly2011,.xxiii

Performance Challenge for Local Governments The Interior and Local

Governmentdepartment launched the LGU Performance Challenge Fund

program in 2010 as an effort to institutionalize transparency,

accountability,participationandperformanceinLGUs.Underthisprogram,

LGUsthatexhibitedstrongperformanceinkeyareasofgovernanceearned

aSealofGoodHousekeepingandachancetoavailofadditionalbudgetary

support from the Fund. As of 2011, 44 provinces, 60 cities and 758

municipalitieshaveobtainedaSealofGoodHousekeeping.xxiv

LeveragingTechnologyandInnovation

ElectronicProcurement.ThePhilippineGovernmentE-ProcurementSystem(PhilGEPS), which started in 2000, is mandated by law as the central

electronic portal for government procurement. Key features at present

includeanelectronicbulletinboardforpostingofbidnoticesandawards;a

registry of more than 47,000 suppliers; automatic bid matching of

opportunitieswith suppliers; anda virtual store of common-use supplies

availablefromtheProcurementService,thegovernmentsbulkbuyer.

Targeting Social Protection Beneficiarieswith Precision. TheGovernmenthas an existing National Household Targeting System (NHTS) which

identifiesthepoorestofthepoorandaimstoimprovetheservicedelivery

systems to them. Such system, which is being used in identifying

beneficiariesofnationalsocialprotectionprograms,isexpectedtoreduce

therateofleakageofresourcesandlessenexclusionofbeneficiaries.

Digitizing Releases from Congressional Allocations The Budgetdepartment has launched on June2011 the Electronic Transparency and

Accountability Initiative for Lump Sum Funds System (eTAILS), an

information system that digitizes the processing of releases for

CongressionalAllocationsandsupportstheirtimelyonlinedisclosure.xxv


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Online Avenues for Public Feedback and Communication The Financedepartmenthaslaunchedits PerangBayan

xxviwebsitewherecitizenscan

file anonymous reports or leads on possible tax evasion, smuggling and

government collusion cases. Various other government agencies have

tapped their websites and social media (Facebook and Twitter) indisseminatingkeyinformationandsolicitingpublicfeedback.

II. NewCommitmentsforOpenGovernance

Everygain,includingthegainsmentionedabove,pavesthewayforincreasing

transparency, accountability and citizens participation. The Philippine

Governmentbelievesthatopengovernmentwillcurtailtheabilityforcorrupt

officials and those interested in political patronage at public expense, tooperatewithimpunity.Opengovernmentalsoplaysakeyroleinempowering

thepoorandstrengtheningtheconstituencyforreform.TheGovernmentwill

embarkonthefollowingbeginningJanuary1,2012:

ImproveTransparencyofGovernmentAgencies

EscalateFiscalTransparency.BytheendofJune2012,thegovernmentwillimprovethecompliancerateofdepartmentsintheExecutivebranchinthe

disclosure their approvedbudgets, utilizationof funds,awardedbidsandannual procurement plans to 100 percent

xxvii. Agency compliancewill be

measured by an index, to be developed and published onlinewithin 90

days,andtobeco-managedwithCSOs.

Promote Access to Government Information. Throughout 2012, theGovernment will move towards adopting a policy for citizens to freely

accessgovernment information ina timely, relevantandmeaningfulway,

subject to certain limitations such asnational security, foreigndiplomacy

and privacy concerns. It will work with CSOs and the private sector inbroadeningthescopeofaccesstoofficialinformationthroughallpossible

means;aswellas inimprovingthecomplianceofgovernmentagenciesto

existingstandardsofinformationdisclosure.


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DeepenCitizenParticipation

Organize a Philippine Open Governance Partnership. During thepreparatory phase of this Action Plan, the Government will organize a

Philippine Open Governance Partnership that will be tapped in plottingopengovernmentreformsinthemedium-term,inmonitoringperformance

andinsurfacingbroaderareaswhereinterventionsneedtobeescalated.

Government will engage a broad spectrum of national and local CSOs,

businessgroups,academeandotherstakeholders;aswellasreachoutto

theLegislature,theJudiciary,ConstitutionalBodiesandLocalGovernments

forthemtotakepartinopengovernmentendeavors.

ExpandParticipatoryBudgeting.BytheendofJune2012,intimeforthepreparations for the 2013National Budget, the Governmentwill expandthe coverage of participatory budget preparation to at least 12

departmentsand6governmentcorporations,andenhancetheprocessto

address issues experienced during the pilot consultations for the 2012

Budget.Beforeend-2012,theGovernment,inconsultationwithCSOs,will

craft a roadmap toexpandandinstitutionalizeparticipatorybudgeting to

theotherphasesofthebudgetcyclexxviii

andtothenational,regionaland

locallevels.

ForgePartnershipsfortheDevelopmentofLocalGovernment-LevelPovertyReductionandEmpowermentPlans.Thegovernmentwillpushforstronger

collaboration between national agencies, local government units (LGUs)

and community organizations in localizing poverty through LGU-level

povertyreductionandempowermentplans.Duringthepreparatoryphase

ofthisActionPlan,600qualifiedLGUsandpartner-CSOswillbeidentified;

community facilitatorswill berecruitedandtrained; andmanuals for the

trainingthecommunityorganizers.FromJanuarytoJuly2012,community

workshops will be conducted in drafting community poverty reduction

plansthatwillbeincorporatedintotheproposedNationalBudgetfor2013.

EstablishanEmpowermentFund. To support thebottom-up approach indevelopment planning and budgeting, the Government will establish a

facilitytosupportCSOsinorganizingcitizensandcommunitiestoengage

government in the implementation and audit of poverty reduction


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programs.Amechanismwillbedevelopedtosafeguardtheindependence

of CSOs from the agencies they engage. Such facility will be established

during the fourth quarter of 2011. Screening, selection and provision of

fundingtoqualifiedCSOswillbeundertakenthroughout2012.

Institutionalizing Social Audit for Public Infrastructure Projects. The A

partnershipbetweentheAuditcommission,Executivedepartmentsxxixand

CSOs will craft a roadmap for institutionalizing social audit for general

public works and agriculture infrastructure projects by end-2011, for

implementationthroughout2012.

EscalateAccountabilitytoEthicalandPerformanceStandards

Harmonizing Performance Measurement Systems in Government. Toensure a singleapproach inmeasuring governmentperformanceat the

institutional,financialorindividuallevelthegovernmentwilldesignand

begincascadingaharmonizedperformancemeasurementsystemfromthe

disparatesystemsatpresent.ATaskForcewillbeconstitutedbeforeend-

2011 to formulate such a consolidated and harmonized performance

measurement systembyMarch2012. Implementationof this systemwill

begininApril2012,forreviewbyDecember2012.

Install Results-Oriented Budgeting in More Agencies. The OrganizationalPerformanceIndicatorFramework(OPIF)willbefurthermainstreamedinto

the budget and planning processes of all agencies and harmonizedwith

existingperformancemeasurement systemsingovernment. Byend-2012,

10 Departmentsxxx will have fully-developed OPIF systems, with clearly

definedagencyoutputsandperformanceindicatorsthatarelinkedto the

PhilippineDevelopmentPlan.

Meanwhile,theZero-BasedBudgeting(ZBB)willagainbeused,andinan

expandedmanner,incraftingtheproposedNationalBudgetfor2013.FromJanuary to June 2013, at least seven additional programs and projects

wouldhavebeensubjectedtoZBB.


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Increase Compliance with Citizens Charters. By the end of 2012,Governmentwillensurethat100%ofnational governmentagencieshave

published a Citizens Charter. Agencies shall also strive to improve their

Citizens Chartersas well as their processes for frontline and other

services, and response mechanisms to complaints and reportsinconsultationwithCSOs.

Roll-out Internal Audit and Internal Control Manuals. Before the end of2011, the Governmentwill issue a Philippine Government Internal Audit

Manual (PGIAM). From January to December 2012, the PGIAM and the

NationalGuidelinesonInternalControlSystem(NGICS)willberolled-outin

nine critical departmentsxxxi. This is in linewiththe target ofall agencies

adoptingthePGIAMandNGICSby2016.

Embedding Accountability in Local Governance. In line with the goal of

makingalllower-incomemunicipalitiesandcitiesxxxii

passtheSealofGood

Housekeepingby2016,theInteriorandLocalGovernmentdepartmentwill

increasethecomplianceratetoexistingstandardsfrom50%to70%before

the end of 2012. Furthermore, new standards that link performance in

socialdevelopment areas to theawardingof Seal ofGoodHousekeeping

andPerformanceChallengeFundgrantswouldhavebeendeveloped.

MaximizeTechnologyandInnovation

EstablishaSinglePortalforGovernmentInformation.TheproposedSinglePortal for Government Information is envisioned to be a central

governmentwebsitewherecitizenscanaccessgovernmentinformationas

well asprovide feedback ongovernmentperformance. Throughout2012,

the Government, in consultationwith stakeholders, will craft a roadmap

and develop a Single Portal for Government Information which complies

withbasicopendatastandards.

Install a Government Integrated Financial Information Management

System. To ensure the efficiency of government financial management

procedures, the Government will develop a complete Government

IntegratedFinancialManagementInformationSystem(GIFMIS)by2016.By


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August2012,thefirsttrackofGIFMIS,whichwillserveasthesingledata

sharingplatformofgovernmentsoversightagenciesxxxiii

,willbedeveloped.

PursueElectronicBiddingandProcurement.Inlinewiththemedium-termgoal of digitizing the bidding process, the Government will developadditional features of PhilGEPS by December 2012. These new features

include a facility to enable the online submission of bid documents; a

module for CSOs to monitor tenders online; an electronic fee payment

system;anexpandedsupplierregistryandamoduleforagencypostingof

their annual procurement plans. The Government will also develop and

pilotasystemofprocurementcards,inlieuoftheoften-abusedsystemof

cashadvances,byJune2012.

EstablishaNationalJusticeInformationSystem.Inlinewithaddressingtheslowpaceofjusticethathascompromisedpoorvictimsandpoorsuspects,

theGovernmentwilldevelopaNationalJusticeInformationSystem(NJIS),

an integrated criminal justice database system that will facilitate the

efficient recording, monitoring, tracking and reporting of crimes, cases,

offenders and victims. By December 2012, the Justice department will

developandimplementanonlineregistryofopinions,issuancesandother

legal documents thatwill easilybeaccessible to judicial agents.The first

phase of NJIS, which will integrate the systems of law enforcement,

prosecutionandcorrectionsagencies, isenvisioned for completionbytheendof2014.

xxxiv

EstablishaManpowerInformationSystemandCentralPayrollSystem.Tobetter manage government manpower requirements and improve

accountability in the disbursement of funds for personal services, the

Governmentwill enhance itsGovernmentManpower InformationSystem

(GMIS)asacomprehensivedatabaseofgovernmentmanpowerbytheend

of 2014. By December 2012, a National Payroll System that is linked to

GMISwillbedevelopedandpilotedxxxv.

DevelopaRegistryofFarmersandFisherfolk.TheGovernmentenvisionsafull database-registry of farmers and fisherfolk that willmore accurately

identify and reach beneficiaries of government interventions for

agricultural and fisheries development, and to reduce the past massive


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leakageofgovernmentfundsforthispurpose.Inthefirstquarterof2012,a

pilotregistrywillbedevelopedcovering20provinceswiththehighpoverty

incidenceandhighvulnerabilitytonaturalcalamities.

Electronic Transparency for Congressional Allocations and Lump SumFunds.Bytheendof2012,theGovernmentwillexpandtheeTAILSsothat1)otheroften-politicizedlump-sumfunds

xxxviareprocessedthroughit;and

2)where citizen reportage on the implementationofprojects fundedby

CongressionalAllocationsisenabled.

InteractiveFiscalTransparency.TheGovernmentwilldevelopandlaunchaBudgetngBayan

xxxviiwebsite,whichwillserveasaninteractiveplatformfor

citizenstolearnaboutandfindinformationontheNationalBudgetaswell

as to file citizen reports on its implementation. Such a website will beactivatedbyMarch2012anditwillbefullyoperationalbyDecember2012.

DuringtheperiodofOctobertoDecember2011,priortothecommencement

oftheimplementationyear,thePhilippineGovernmentshallcontinuelooking

into further improving this2012OGPActionPlan.More importantly, itshall

broaden public consultations and cooperation with other branches of

Government inensuring thesustainabilityofopengovernmentreformsover

themedium-term.

iAgencysubmissionssofar:DBM,DepEd,DoE,DENR,DoF,DILG,DoJ,DoLE,DoST,DPWH,DND,NEDA,PCDSPO,

PCOO,DSWD,DoT,DTI,NSA,OPAPP,PLLO,DAP.CSOSubmissionssofar:PinoyME,RighttoKnow,RightNow!

ConsultationswithCSOshavebeenconductedon26Augustand10September,2011.iiRoughlytranslatedasenoughisenough!iiiSenatorBenignoS.Aquino,Jr.,astaunchcriticoftheMarcosregime,wasassassinatedonAugust21,1983upon

returningfromexilefromtheUnitedStates.ivCandidateBenignoS.AquinoIIIwonaspresidentwith15.2millionvotesor42%ofallvotescast;withaleadof

5.7millionfromthenextcontender(therewereeightothercandidates).vRoughlytranslatedasNoCorruption,NoPoverty.vi

ThePhilippineDevelopmentPlan2011-2016,asoperationalizedbyExecutiveOrderNo.43.viiNamely:CodeNGO,BAG,SWP/ABI,TAN,ANSA-EAP,ATIN/RighttoKnow,RightNow!Coalition,PPVR,PinoyME,

MBC,CAC,IntegrityInitiativeandNCC.viiiSection97oftheGeneralProvisionsofthe2011GeneralAppropriationsAct(RepublicActNo.10147)requires

agencies topost thefollowinginformationontheirofficialwebsites:approvedbudgets,performancemeasures

andtargets,majorprogramsandprojectstobeimplemented,annualprocurementplan,contractsawardedand

names of contractors, targeted and actual beneficiaries, utilization of funds, status of implementation,

program/projectevaluationreports.


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ixStateoftheNationAddress(SONA)2011TechnicalReport,page4,withupdatesfromDILG

xFrom1901

xiFrom1935

xiiMemorandumapprovedbythePresidentoneditorialpoliciesoftheOfficialGazette,7September,2010;

BudgetaryRequirementforFiscalYear2012,submittedtotheHouseofRepresentativesbythePCDSPO,August10,2011.xiiiSONA2011TechnicalReport,page9-10.Departmentswhichpilotedtheconsultativeprocesswerethoseinthe

social and economic services sectors with the biggest budgetary allocation, namely: Education, Health, Social

Welfare,PublicWorks, AgricultureandAgrarianReform. Pilot government corporationswere those with large

government subsidies,particularly theNationalFoodAuthority,NationalHousingAuthorityandNational Home

MortgageandFinanceCorporation.xivNEDAinput

xvSONA2011TechnicalReport

xviIbid.

xviiDILGInputs

xviii

SONA2011TechnicalReport,page2xixMTEFisaplanning-budgetingframeworkwhichprovidesathree-yearperspectivetobudgetpreparation.

xxOPIFisanapproachtoexpendituremanagementthatdirectsresourcestowardsresultsormajorfinaloutputs

andmeasuresagencyperformancebykeyqualityandquantityindicators.xxiOf2,266nationaldepartmentsandagenciesnationwide

xxiiInparticular,theRunAfterTaxEvadersoftheBureauofInternalRevenue;theRunAfterTheSmugglersofthe

BureauofCustoms;andtheRevenueIntegrityProtectionServiceoftheFinancedepartment.xxiii

SONA2011TechnicalReport,pages11-12xxiv

SONA2011TechnicalReport,page4,withupdatesfromDILG.xxvSONA2011TechnicalReport,page3

xxviTranslatedasPeoplesMoney

xxviiOf22Departmentsoftheexecutivebranch,6havepostedtheirapprovedbudgetsontheirwebsites(DBM,

DoH,DILG,DND,DPWH,DoTC),3havepostedtheirfundutilizationreports(DBM,DILG,DSWD),13haveposted

theirawardedbids(DBM,DepEd,DENR,DoF,DFA,DoH,DILG,DoLE,DND,DPWH,DSWD,DoTC,NEDA)and10

havepostedtheirannualprocurementplans(DBM,DoH,DILG,DoLE,DND,DPWH,DSWD,DoTC,NEDA,PCOO).xxviii

Inparticular,inthebudgetlegislation,executionandaccountabilityphases.xxixInparticular,theBudget,PublicWorksandAgriculturedepartments.

xxxTheOPIFhasalreadybeencascadedin10Departments:DA,DAR,DENR,DSWD,DoT,DPWH,DBM,DoF,DoH,

DepEd.xxxiInparticular,thePublicWorks,Education,Finance,Justice,Health,SocialWelfare,Budget,Laborand

Environmentdepartments.xxxii

Lower-incomemunicipalitiesarethosebelongingtothe4th-6

thclasses.Thereareatotalof619municipalities

undertheseclasses.Lower-incomecitiesarethosebelongingtothe4thto5thclasses.Thereareatotalof28cities

underthese.xxxiii

Particularly,theFinanceandBudgetdepartmentsandtheCommissiononAudit.xxxiv

DoJInputsxxxv

InaccordancewithExecutiveOrderNo.31seriesof2011xxxvi

ModulesfortheSchoolBuildingFundandtheInternalRevenueAllotmentofLocalGovernmentsareslatedfor

development.


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xxxvii

TranslatedasThePeoplesBudget

Documents

Draft Philippine OGP Action Plan