DulipGunasekaraDulipGunasekara 11

EDUCATION SYSTEM EDUCATION SYSTEM inin

SRI LANKASRI LANKA

EDUCATION SYSTEM EDUCATION SYSTEM inin

SRI LANKASRI LANKA

EDUCATION SYSTEM EDUCATION SYSTEM inin

SRI LANKASRI LANKA

EDUCATION SYSTEM EDUCATION SYSTEM inin

SRI LANKASRI LANKA

EDUCATION SYSTEM EDUCATION SYSTEM inin

SRI LANKASRI LANKA

EDUCATION SYSTEM EDUCATION SYSTEM inin

SRI LANKASRI LANKA

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44Education & Culture of Sri Lanka

55Education & Culture of Sri Lanka

BuddisamBuddisam

Period from 200 BC - 1500 AD:

With the introduction of Buddhism to Sri Lanka by Arhanth Mahinda, 236 years after the passing away of the Buddha, a firm foundation was laid for Buddhist Civilization and for a Buddhist Education System. After the introduction of Buddhism the establishment of monastic institutions was chiefly responsible for the spread of education.

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Portuguese Period - Portuguese Period - (1505 - 1658 AD )(1505 - 1658 AD )

Conversion of local population to Catholic Religion.

To win the confidence and allegiance of the Sinhalese and Tamils through the religion.

Teaching of Reading, Writing and Arithmetic to those converted to Catholic religion.

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The Dutch Period: The Dutch Period: ( 1658 - 1796 AD) ( 1658 - 1796 AD)

The aims of their education System were:

Conversion of local people to Christianity and to suppress the spread of Catholic Religion.

To teach Reading and Writing to those newly converted people.

To train a set of local people to assist them for work in the government offices.

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1.3 The British Period: 1.3 The British Period: (1796 - 1948 )(1796 - 1948 )

The British Period: (1796 - 1948 ) The British had their influence in the maritime provinces since 1796, long before they conquered the Kandyan Kingdom. As many different organizations were involved in the field of education during this period there was no proper supervision or administration. Colebrook Commission that was in Sri Lanka put forward the following recommendations for the reorganization of the Education System in the country (1831):

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recommendations of “recommendations of “Colebrook Colebrook CommissionCommission “ “

A commission to manage education should be appointed

English should be the medium of instruction in all the schools

A college should be started for English Education

English educated youths should be given government jobs

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Mackenzie later proposed the Mackenzie later proposed the following reformsfollowing reforms

Reorganize all government schools Link the Missionary schools to the government schoolsAdmit children to all schools without consideration of the religion Take steps to develop vernacular schools, supply books and arrange for translation of books in to National Languages. Start an Institution for Training teachers Appoint Inspectors of Schools Reorganize the School Commission

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Religious Resurgence.Religious Resurgence.

Buddhist and Hindu Children were compelled to attend the Christian schools

They were compelled to follow classes in Christianity.

As a result Buddhist organizations started Buddhist schools in various provinces of the country

Similarly leading Hindus and Muslims started Hindu Schools and Muslim Schools

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In 1921 , the total population was - 4, 504,549

Number of children attending School - 404,430

Percentage of children attending school - 09%

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year Males- % Females - % Both sexes- %

1901 42.0 8.5 26.4

1911 47.2 12.5 31.0

1921 56.4 21.2 39.9

1946 70.1 43.8 57.8

Percentage of Literates in the country

as indicated in the Census Reports:

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Development of Education during Development of Education during the State Council Era- 1931 - 1947.the State Council Era- 1931 - 1947.

Introduction of free education for all

Adoption of the national languages as the media of instruction

Establishment of Central Schools and Junior Schools– For the first time schools are opened for poor parents of rural Sri Lanka the

opportunity of obtaining a good education for their children.

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1942 Special Committee1942 Special Committee

i. Education should be free from the Kindergarten to the

University.

ii. Mother tongue should be used as the medium of instruction

in the Primary Schools.

iii. English shall be taught in all schools from standard III.

iv. A curriculum for the child which would develop its "head,

heart and hands" should be introduced

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“Head, Heart and Hands"

The education of the emotions is as necessary as the education of intellect and practical ability for the well-being of the child.

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Period after Independence (1948 Period after Independence (1948 – Date)– Date)

Government has given highest priority to education.

The literacy rate has grown over 90%

highest in South East Asia

Within a period of less than 40 years

number of schools in Sri Lanka increased by over 50%

number of students increased more than 300%

number of teachers increased by more than 400%

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President

Prime Minister

Ministry of Education

National Education Commission

Provincial Ministry of Education

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Provincial Ministry of Education

Provincial Director of Education -08

Zonal Education Director - 94

Divisional Director - 300

Government Schools - 9829

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Formulate and ensure the implementation of National Policy on Education

Manage National Schools and other specified schools

Implement programs for developing school curriculum

Training of teachers and education managers

Main Functions of the Ministry of Education

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Provincial School- 9509 National school 320Managed by the MOE

Government Schools - 9829

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Types of SchoolsTypes of Schools

Type IAB school– with classes up to grade 13 including A' Level Science

Stream;

Type IC school – with classes up to grade 13 but without A' Level science

stream;

Type 2 school – with classes up to grade 11 and

Type 3 school – with classes up to grade 5.

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Primary Level- 5 years Grades 1-5

Junior Secondary Level - 4 years Grades 6-9

Senior Secondary Level - 2 years Grades 10-11

Collegiate Level - 2 years Grades 12-13

Levels in SchoolsLevels in Schools

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ReferenceReference

www.moe.gov.lk

www.gov.lk

www.nie.lk

www.wikepidia.lk