Dutch phenological Network ‘Natuurkalender’

Dutch phenological Dutch phenological Network Network ‘Natuurkalender’‘Natuurkalender’

Arnold J.H. van VlietArnold J.H. van VlietEnvironmental Systems Analysis GroupEnvironmental Systems Analysis GroupWageningen UniversityWageningen University

European Phenology European Phenology NetworkNetwork

European Phenology Network

Issues: Observation protocols, standardization and indicators.

Dutch Network De Natuurkalender

Philosophy / important factors

Issues: Inter-agency agreements / network linkages, reporting system, communication, education, applications, funding and conclusions.

Conclusions / recommendations

Content

(Photo: Henk van den Burg)

Central objective:Increasing efficiency, added value and use of phenological monitoring and research in Europe in the context of global climate change.

Specific objectives:To demonstrate the wide variety of possible applications of phenological research and and realising a stronger involvement of the end-users;

To facilitate integration and co-operation between existing phenological monitoring networks;

To improve the integration of, and access to phenological data in Europe in a systematic, structural and user-friendly way;

To exchange knowledge between phenologists of different scientific disciplines on tools and techniques.

European Phenology Network

EPN Activities

Networking (Standardization & cooperation)

Development of 2 databases • Metadatabase• Bibliographical database

Develop educational program

Organize meetingsTwo conferences6 Workshops: • Bird migration• Earth Observation• Human health• Agriculture• Communication, dissemination and capacity building

EPN: Metadatabase

EPN: Metadatabase

Metadatabase (number of networks (screenshot),

http://www.dow.wau.nl/msa/epn/

Bibliographical database (screenshot)

Observation protocols and indicators

Standardization of definitions: Biologische Bundesanstalt, Bundessortenamt and CHemische Industrie (BBCH)

Stage Description of principal growth stages

0 Germination / sprouting/ bud development

1 Leaf development (main shoot)

2 Formation of side shoots / tillering

3 Stem elongation or rosette growth / shoot development (main shoot)

4 Development of harvestable vegetative plant parts (beet, tuber) /Booting (=swelling of panicle, ear, ...) (main shoot)

5 Inflorescence emergence (main shoot) / heading

6 Flowering (main shoot)

7 Development of fruit

8 Ripening of fruit and seed

9 Beginning of dormancy, die off of leaves, stem, ...

Observational procedures: Standardisation report.

Important elements of the instructions for the observation area* Reference height* Max deviation from reference height determined.* Max distance from observation point determined* Ideal terrain (Open, flat or stand of a woodland / forest)* “Average” location

Important elements of the instructions for the observation object* Year for year on object* Year for year on site* All phases of one object / site* Fruit and grape vine varieties to be reported* Watered objects principally ruled out


Species Phenophases (BBCH-code)

Prunus avium (Cerasus avium)

First flowers open (BBCH60), Full flowering (BBCH65), End of flowering (BBCH69), Colouring of leaves (BBCH94)

Malus domestica First flowers open (BBCH60), Full flowering (BBCH65), End of flowering (BBCH69)

Prunus armeniaca (Armeniaca vulgaris)

Leaf unfolding (BBCH11), First flowers open (BBCH60), Full flowering (BBCH65), End of flowering (BBCH69)

Prunus cerasus Leaf unfolding (BBCH11), First flowers open (BBCH60), Full flowering (BBCH65), End of flowering (BBCH69)

Pyrus communis Leaf unfolding (BBCH11), First flowers open (BBCH60), Full flowering (BBCH65), End of flowering (BBCH69)

Ribes rubrum (R.sylvestre)

Leaf unfolding (BBCH11), First flowers open (BBCH60), Full flowering (BBCH65)

Vitis vinifera Leaf unfolding (BBCH11), First flowers open (BBCH60), Full flowering (BBCH65), End of flowering (BBCH69)

Sweet cherry, Apple, Apricot, Cherry, Pear,Current, Grape


Species Phenophases (BBCH-code)

Beta vulgaris (only sugar beet)

Drilling (BBCH00), Sprouting (BBCH10), Full ripeness (BBCH49), harvest

Helianthus annuus Sowing (BBCH00), Emergence (BBCH10), Beginning of heading (BBCH51), Fully ripe (BBCH89), Harvest

Hordeum vulgare Sowing (BBCH00), Emergence (BBCH10), Heading (BBCH55), Beginning of milk ripeness (BBCH75), Yellow ripe (BBCH85), Fully ripe (BBCH89), Harvest

Hordeum vulgare (winter)

Sowing (BBCH00), Emergence (BBCH10), Heading (BBCH55), Beginning of milk ripeness (BBCH75), Yellow ripe (BBCH85), Fully ripe (BBCH89), Harvest

Secale cereale (Winter)

Drilling (BBCH00), Emergence (BBCH10), Heading (BBCH55), First flowers open (BBCH60), Full flowering (BBCH65), Beginning of milk ripeness (BBCH75), Wax ripe (BBCH85), Fully ripe (BBCH89), Harvest

Solanum tuberosum Tilling, Sprouting (BBCH10), First flowers open (BBCH60), Harvest

Triticum aestivum (Winter)

Sowing (BBCH00), Emergence (BBCH10), Beginning of stem elongation (BBCH30), Heading (BBCH55), Beginning of milk ripeness (BBCH75), Wax ripe (BBCH85), Fully ripe (BBCH89), Harvest

Zea mays Sowing (BBCH00), Emergence (BBCH10), Heading (BBCH55), Flowering 10% (BBCH61) (male), Flowering 30% (BBCH63) (female), Beginning of milk ripeness (BBCH75), Fully ripe (BBCH89), Harvest

Sugar beet, Sunflower, Common barley, Rye, Potato, Common wheat, Maize


De Natuurkalender

Objectives:

1) Assess the ecological

and socio-economic

impacts of climate

change.

2) Increase support for

climate policy and

increase sense of

urgency.

3) Increase knowledge on

nature and climate.

Media

attention

Socio-economic imp. of a

change

Willingness of public and organizations to support

Raise public awareness

Amount of

climate change

Objectives

‘Language’ of the information

Number of themes

Possibility to apply it at local

scale

Scientifically sound

International cooperation

Quantification of environmental

problemF

req

uen

cy a

nd

tim

ing

of d

isse

min

atio

n

Quality of informationAvailability of

expertise

Availability of technologies

Communication between partners

Access to data

Quality consortium

Monitoring

Assess impact of climate, its

ecological and socio-economic consequences

and adaptation options

Knowledge of public

Online products

Educational products

Audio-visual products

Paper products

Dissemination products

Number observers

Availability of historic

observationsNumber of

observations

Quality and quantity of

scientific output

Information and knowledge production

Natuurkalender philosophy

Inter-agency agreements / network linkages

Regeling Draagvlak Natuur

Reporting system and communication

http://www.natuurkalender.nl/

Reporting system and communication

Citizen science: Communication


Amersfoortse Courant: 12-1-2005

NRC: 13-1-2005

Rotterdams Dagblad: 15-11-2004

Stentor: 11-1-2005

Bruto media outreach "De Natuurkalender"

0

10,000,000

20,000,000

30,000,000

40,000,000

50,000,000

60,000,000

70,000,000

80,000,000

90,000,000

1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005

Year

Nu

mb

er o

f p

eop

le

Internet

Radio

TV

New spapers


Education

Nature’s Calendar

Health

Models Meteo data Geographical info

Nature man.

AgricultureGarden

Education

Hay fever

Oak Proc. Cat.

Ticks

Municipalities

Provinces

Terrain mana.

Knowledge

Transport

RecreationFisheries

Vegetable gar.

Backyard

Bot. gardens

Pests / diseases

Crops

Trees

Elem. Schools

Second. schools

Nature lovers

Zoo’s

Municipalities

Railways

Air traffic

Limitations

Applications

MediaPublic

Applications: Hay fever

Funding

Different sources:• Government (International, national, regional)• Non Governmental Organizations• Research institutes• Donations by public• Sponsoring by commercial sector (cooperation between countries?).• Selling of products (communication, ICT, information, publications).

Lessons learnt:• Quantification of the socio-economic relevance is important.• Each group requires a different approach.• Fund raising: Labor intensive activity.• Continuous innovation is important.

Conclusions and recommendations

• Indicator plants: Make the program flexible (possibility to add and remove native and non-native species.

• Observation protocols and standardization: link up with other networks.

• Citizen science: Communication is important.

• Reporting system: Direct feedback to observers and target groups is important.

• Applications: provide many benefits.

• Funding: There are a large number of possibilities. Different sources require different approaches.

Recommendations:

• Expand the objectives of NPN: Citizen science and contributing to socio-economic issues should be mentioned as objectives.

• Include a communication strategy to different target groups (media, sectors, observers)

and involve people and organization with expertise in this field.

• Internal communication is important.

(Photo: Henk van den Burg)

Thank you for your attentionThank you for your attention

Contact:Contact:

Arnold van VlietArnold van VlietWageningen UniversityWageningen UniversityFoundation for Sustainable Foundation for Sustainable DevelopmentDevelopment

Email: [email protected]: [email protected]

Websites: Websites: http://www.dow.wau.nl/msa/epn/http://www.dow.wau.nl/msa/epn/

http://www.natuurkalender.nl/http://www.natuurkalender.nl/

Documents

Dutch phenological Network ‘Natuurkalender’