NORTHERN EUROPE 1400-1500 Early Northern Renaissance

Early Northern Renaissance Theme:

Considerthe NUT!Hard to crack!

Oily!Rich and meaty!

Small and textured!

What was happening in the north?-Emergence of great wealth via INDIVIDUAL ACCOMPLISHMENT rather than inherited money

-Fueled an explosion of learning and creativity RENAISSANCE-Intense interest in the natural world and close observation-Interest in individual personalities PORTRAITS and artist fame!

-Thriving cities: dukes of Burgundy were most powerful in n. Europe

- International Gothic Style became prominent style of late 14th c. Europe

Claus SluterWell of MosesChartreuse de Champmol, Dijon, France1395-1406stonefigures approximately 6 ft. high

Philip the Bold – Great patron of N. Renaissance art

Mechior BroederlamRetable de ChampmolFrom Chapel of the Chartreuse de Champmol, Dijon, FranceInstalled 1399tempera on panelpanels each 5 ft. 3 3/4 in. x 4 ft. 1 1/4 in.

Altarpieces

• Where are they located?• What purpose do they serve?• Polyptychs = hinged multipaneled paintings

– Could be carved relief panels– Closed hinged sides or wings over middle panel (like

a manuscript)• Artists decorated both exterior and interior of altarpiece

• http://www.nationalgallery.org.uk/anatomy-of-an-altarpiece

Robert CampinMerode Altarpiece (open)ca. 1425-1428oil on wood2 ft. 1 in. 2 ft. 1 in. (center) What is significant about the

setting? The patrons?

What symbols do you see?

Oil PaintFresco vs. tempera vs. oil: What are the advantages?

Jan van EyckGhent Altarpiece (closed)Saint Bavo Cathedral, Ghent, Belgium1432oil on wood11 ft. 5 3/4 in. high

Jan van Eyck – a painting WIZARDHow does this compare to the early Renaissance in Italy?

Patron St. John the Baptist St. John the Evang. Patron

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EBPiMoltLI8

Jan van EyckGhent Altarpiece (closed) (detail of St. John the Evangelist)Saint Bavo Cathedral, Ghent, Belgium1432oil on wood11 ft. 5 3/4 in. high

Vocab - Grisaille

Jan van EyckGhent Altarpiece (open)Saint Bavo Cathedral, Ghent, Belgium1432oil on wood11 ft. 5 3/4 in. high

Salvation!

“This is God, all-powerful in his divine majesty; of all the best, by the gentleness of his goodness; the most liberal giver, because of his infinite generosity”

“On his head, life without death. On his brow, youth without age. On his right, joy without sadness. On his left, security without fear”

Stolen!

Jan van EyckGiovanni Arnolfini and His Bride1434oil on wood2 ft. 8 in. x 1 ft. 11 1/2 in.

How many symbols can you spot?

Jan van Eyck, 'The Arnolfini Portrait', 1434, digital infrared reflectogram detail

Jan van EyckMan in a Red Turban1433oil on wood10 1/4 in. x 7 1/2 in.

http://www.nationalgallery.org.uk/paintings/jan-van-eyck-portrait-of-a-man-self-portrait

Why were portraits popular? What purpose did they serve?

Rogier van der WeydenDepositionfrom Notre- Hors-les-murs, Louvain, Belgiumca. 1435oil on woodapproximately 7 ft. 3 in. x 8 ft. 7 in.

Rogier van der WeydenPortrait of a Ladyca. 1460oil on panel13 3/8 in. x 10 1/16 in.

Petrus ChristusA Goldsmith in His Shop (St. Eligius)1449oil on wood3 ft. 3 in. x 2 ft. 10 in.

Religious or secular?….or BOTH?

What symbols allude to the Last Judgment?

Dirk BoutsLast SupperFrom Saint Peter’s, Louvain, Belgium1464-1468oil on woodapproximately 6 ft. 5 in. high

Renaissance conventions?

Hugo van der GoesPortinari Altarpiece (open)From Sant’Egidio, Florence, Italyca. 1476tempera and oil on wood8 ft. 3 1/2 in. x 10 ft. (center) 8 ft. 3 1/2 in. x 4 ft. 7 1/2 in. (wings)

http://www.googleartproject.com/collection/uffizi-gallery/artwork/the-portinari-triptych-hugo-van-der-goes-van-der-goes/329464/

Hugo van der GoesPortinari Altarpiece (Adoration of the Shepherds)From Sant’Egidio, Florence, Italy

Hans MemlingSaint John AltarpieceHospital Sint Jan, Bruges, Belgium1479oil on wood5 ft. 7 3/4 in. x 5 ft. 7 3/4 in (center) 5 ft. 7 3/4 in. x 2 ft. 7 1/8 in (wings)

Limbourg BrothersJanuary from Les Tres Riche Heures du Duc de Berry (The Very Sumptuous Hours of Duke of Berry)1413-1416Ink on vellum8 7/8” x 5 3/8”

Limbourg BrothersFebruary from Les Tres Riche Heures du Duc de Berry (The Very Sumptuous Hours of Duke of Berry)1413-1416Ink on vellum8 7/8” x 5 3/8”

Jean FouquetMelun DiptychÉtienne Chevalier and Saint Stephenca. 1450oil on wood3 ft. 1/2 in. x 2 ft. 9 1/2 in.

Jean FouquetMelun DiptychÉtienne Chevalier and Saint Stephenca. 1450oil on wood3 ft. 1/2 in. x 2 ft. 9 1/2 in.

Veit StossDeath and Assumption of the Virginfrom Church of St. Mary, Kraków, Poland1477-1489painted and gilded wood43 ft. x 35 ft. overall

Tilman RiemenschneiderThe Assumption of the Virgincenter panel of the Creglingen AltarpieceCreglingen, Germany1495-1499carved lindenwood6 ft. 1 in. wide

Konrad WitzMiraculous Draught of Fishfrom Cathedral of St. Peter, Geneva, Switzerland1444oil on wood4 ft. 3 in. x 5 ft. 1 in.

Michel Wolgemut and ShopNuremburg Chronicle1493printed ink on paper

What was the result of the invention of the letterpress/printing press?

Martin SchongauerTemptation of Saint Anthonyca. 1480-1490engraving13 x 11 in.