SEMINER ONEFFICIENT ROUTING IN INTERMITTENTLY CONNECTED MOBILE NETWORK

THE MULTIPLE COPY CASE

PRESENTED BY

ANIRBIT BANERJEE6TH SEMESTER, 2010-11, University Roll No. 08158003100

Department of Electronics &Communication EngineeringMALLABHUM INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

BISHNUPUR, BANKURAUnder

WEST BENGAL UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY

Intermittently Connected Mobile Networks

S

D

A wireless network that is very sparse and partitioned disconnected clusters of nodes

Nodes are (highly) mobile making the clusters change o often over time

No fixed end-to-end path!

ROUTING TECHNIQUES AND PROTOCOLS

ROUTING TECHNIQUES

AND PROTOCOLS

PROACTIVE ROUTING

Distance Vector Protocol

Link State Protocol

On-demand Routing

Dynamic Source Routing (DSR)

Ad hoc On-demand Distance Vector (AODV)

Temporally Ordered Routing Algorithm (TORA)

Location-based Routing

Location-Aided Routing (LAR

Distance Routing Effect Algorithm for Mobility

(DREAM)

ROUTING TECHNIQUES AND PROTOCOLS

On-demand Routing

The main idea of on-demand routing is to finds and

maintain only needed routes. The obvious advantage with

discovering routes on-demand is to avoid incurring the

cost of maintaining routes that are not used.

Protocols used Dynamic Source Routing (DSR)

Ad hoc On-demand Distance Vector (AODV)

ROUTING TECHNIQUES AND PROTOCOLS

Location-based RoutingIt utilizes geographic location of nodes. Location-based (also called geographic) routing assumes that each node knows its own location by using the global positioning system (GPS) or some other indirect, localization technique. Besides, every node learns locations of its immediate neighbours by exchanging hello messages.

Protocols used

Location-Aided Routing (LAR)

Distance Routing Effect Algorithm for Mobility (DREAM)

Greedy Perimeter Stateless Routing (GPSR)

Ad-Hoc NETWORK An ad hoc network is a collection of wireless mobile nodes (or

routers) dynamically forming a temporary network without the use of any existing network infrastructure or centralized administration.

The routers are free to move randomly and organize themselves arbitrarily; thus, the network’s wireless topology may change rapidly and unpredictably.

Such a network may operate in a stand-alone fashion, or may be connected to the Internet.

A mobile ad hoc network (MANET) group has been formed. The primary focus of this working group is to develop and evolve MANET specifications.

Ad-Hoc Network Structure

Figure :- Simplified structure of Ad-Hoc Network

Difference Between Ad-Hoc And Cellular network

Flooding Mechanism of Ad-Hoc network & Its Limitations

Flooding (or network-wide broadcasting) is the simplest way to deliver data from a node to any other node in the network.

In flooding, the source simply broadcasts the data packet to its neighbouring nodes via a MAC layer broadcast mechanism.

The rule “every node transmits only once” guarantees termination of the procedure and also avoids looping.

The flooding technique delivers the data to every node in the connected component of the network.

LIMITATIONS

Superfluous flooding increases link overhead and wireless medium congestion. This is called” flood dying out” problem.

Wastage of energy is also a major disadvantage.

MULTIPLE CPOY ROUTING STRATEGIES

comparison to single-copy

existing flooding and utility-based schemes

Spray and Wait

performance analysis

ROUTING MECHANISM IN MULTIPLE COPY CASE

STRATEGY

Advantages & Limitations of

Multiple Copy Routing

Advantages Lower delivery delay. Higher robustness

Limitation

Low efficiency

Single-Copy vs. Multiple-Copy Routing Strategies

Multiple-Copy Case

Multiple copies of a message may exist concurrently in the network.

Lower delivery delay.

Higher robustness

Single-Copy Case

Only a single copy of each message exists in the network at any time.

Lower number of transmission.

Lower contention for shared resources

Conclusion From the above all we conclude that the multiple copy

case is introduce to solve the disadvantages of the

single copy case .In single copy case one message is

transmitted at any time but in multiple copy case we

can transmitted one or multiple copy of a message.

THANK YOU