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PRESENTED BY

Teddy Samo

A green revolutionary African transportation vehicle

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OVERVIEW

DESCRIPTION AND HISTORY OF ELECTRIC VEHICLES (EVs) COMPONENTS OF EVs EV CHARGING STATIONS ADVANTAGES AND DRAWBACKS RE POWER PLANT DESIGN FOR FEEDING EVs SOLAR POWER CHARGING STATION-OIL BASED FUELLING

STATION COST COMPARISON CONCLUSION RECOMMENDATIONS

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ELECTRIC VEHICLES (EVs)

EVs are propelled by an electric motor, powered by rechargeable battery packs, rather than a gasoline

engine.

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ELECTRIC VEHICLES (EVs)

History• First EVs built in 1830s in Scotland by Robert

Anderson

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ELECTRIC VEHICLES (EVs)

• Production and use declined in 1920s because of mass production of the IC engine vehicles

• EVs reappeared in 1970s due to the environmental issues associated with IC engines

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COMPONENTS OF EVs Potentiometer

Provides the signal that tells the controller how much power is it

supposed to deliver

On-board charger Receives AC power and

transforms it into DC on the way to the battery

Controller Takes power from the batteries

and delivers it to the motor.

MotorReceives power from the

controller and turns a transmission

BatteriesThe batteries provide power for

the controller

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ADVANTAGES AND DRAWBACKS Advantages Drawbacks

Fuel can be harnessed from any source of electricity in homes and businesses

Limited in the distance that can be driven before the complete failure of the battery

Reduces hydrocarbon emissions responsible for many environmental problems

Accessories, such as air conditioning and radios drain the battery faster

Reduces pollution and related health hazards

Heavier car due to the electric motors, batteries, chargers, and controllers

Reduces over-reliance on fossil fuels if electricity is generated from renewable resources

More expensive because of cost of the parts

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EV CHARGING STATIONS

Charging station

Connector

Cable

Foot

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EV FEEDING OPTIONS

• CONDUCTIVE CHARGING

• INDUCTIVE CHARGING

• BATTERY SWITCHING

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EV FEEDING OPTIONS (cont’d)

Conductive charging• It utilizes a connector between the source and the

vehicle

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EV FEEDING OPTIONS (cont’d) Conductive charging types

Level 1 Charging • Use 120v• 2-3 miles per hour• residential

Level 2 charging • Use 240v• Residential and commercial• 10-20 miles per hour

DC fast charging • Use 480V • 60-80 miles per hour• commercial refueling station

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EV FEEDING OPTIONS (cont’d) INDUCTIVE CHARGING• wireless charging coupled with magnetic resonance

to transfer power from a transmitting pad to a receiving pad

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EV FEEDING OPTIONS (cont’d) BATTERY SWITCHING:

• Depleted EV battery pack is switched with a fully charged battery pack in the switching station.

• The switching time is around 2-5 minutes.

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ADVANTAGES AND DRAWBACKS Feeding options Advantages Drawbacks

Conductive • Various charging speed

• Mature technology

• Slow refuelling• No common

worldwide standard

Inductive • Lower risk of electrical shock

• Enable dynamic charging

• Low efficiency • EMC emission

Battery Switching • Rapid switching• no range limitation

• High investment cost

• Required large space

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RE POWER PLANT DESIGN

SOLAR POWER PLANT

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RE POWER PLANT DESIGN (cont’d) BIOGAS POWER STATION

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RE POWER PLANT DESIGN (cont’d) HYBRID (SOLAR - BIOGAS) POWER STATION

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SOLAR POWER CHARGING STATION-OIL BASED FUELLING STATION COST ESTIMATES

• SPCS can accelerate the acquisition of EVs• SPCS can be installed in diverse locations• The costs associated SPCS are majorly for installation• Cost of a small SPCS to power about 20 cars is estimated

between $11,800-$18,600 including maintenance in the USA

• Comparable fuelling stations for ICE vehicles cost about $10,000 to install excluding maintenance and refuelling costs

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CONCLUSION

• Today, EVs are good alternatives to ICE vehicles• Recent innovations have made EVs more

competitive in cost and performance• EV feeding stations with different feeding options

have been designed and installed in some countries• Current power plants used to feed EVs still use

highly polluting fuels• RE based charging stations particularly using Solar

PV are more cost effective compared to similar ICE vehicle fuelling station

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RECOMMENDATIONS

• Develop and implement relevant policies that support EV market growth in Africa

• Encourage RE based electricity sector to feed EVs sustainably

• Support small scale, off-grid RE based electricity generation to support EV acquisition in rural areas in Africa

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Thank you for listening