ELECTRONIC FUEL INJECTION COMPONENTS

THE FOLLOWING ARE THE MOST COMMON FUEL

INJECTION COMPONENTS FOR MULTI PORT FUEL INJECTION STARTING AT THE GAS TANK!

ELECTRIC FUEL PUMPSPURPOSE- PUMPS FUEL UNDER HIGH PRESSURE TO FUEL PRESSURE REGULATOR. THERE ARE THREE BASIC SYSTEMS: INTANK HIGH PRESSURE PUMP, FOR SINGLE GAS TANK APPPLICATIONS. FRAME

MOUNTED HIGH PRESSURE PUMP, FOR SINGLE GAS TANK APPLICATIONS, AND LOW PRESSURE ELECTRIC FUEL PUMPS IN EACH GAS TANK

( PICK UP AND TRUCK APPLICATIONS ) AND A FRAME MOUNTED HIGH PRESSURE FUEL PUMP.

WHICH HAS A ELECTRIC SWITCHING VALVE MOUNTED ON THE FRAME RAIL IN FRONT OF THE

PUMP.

IN TANK HIGH PRESSURE ELECTRIC FUEL PUMP, CAPABLE OF OVER 100psi.

WIRE TERMINALS

Fuel outlet Fuel inlet

FRAME MOUNTED HIGH PRESSURE FUEL PUMPCAPABLE OF over 100 psi.

FUELINLET

FUEL OUTLET

ELECTRICALCONNECTOR

FUEL TANK SWITCHING VALVE

TO FUEL PUMP & FUEL RETURN FROM REGULATOR

SOURCE&

RETURNTO ONE OF THE

GASTANKS

SOURCE&

RETURNTO ONEOF THE

GAS TANKS

FUEL PRESSURE REGULATOR

PURPOSE - REGULATES FUEL PRESSURE TO MANUFACTURES

SPECIFICATIONS, BY RETURNING EXCESS FUEL PRESSURE TO THE GAS

TANK..

FUEL PRESSURE REGULATORAND FUEL RAIL

FUEL RETURN

VACUUM HOSECONNECTION FUEL RAIL

INJECTORS AND FUEL RAIL PURPOSE - SUPPLIES FUEL UNDER

REGULATED PRESSURE TO THE COMBUSTION CHAMBER OF EACH

CYLINDER.

FUEL RAIL, INJECTORS, FUEL INLETAND PRESSURE REGULATOR

PRESSURE REGULATOR FUEL RETURN

FUEL RAIL

FUEL INJECTOR

FUEL INLETHIGHPRESSURE

FUEL RAIL, INJECTORS, AND SCHRADER VALVE FITTING FOR FUEL PRESSSURE

GAUGE.

SCHRADER VALVE

INJECTOR

FUEL RAIL

TYPICAL FUEL INJECTOR

ELECTRICAL CONNECTOR

FUEL OUTLET - FUEL COMES OUT AS A VERY FINE MIST

FUEL INLET FROM FUEL RAIL, USES O-RINGS FOR SEALS

THE FOLLOWING ARE ELECTRONIC FUEL INJECTION COMPONENTS FOR THE AIR

INTAKE. STARTING AT THE AIR CLEANER.

MASS AIR FLOW SENSORPURPOSE - MEASURES AIR SPEED AND DENSITY CHANGES THE RETURNING

VOLTAGE SIGNAL TO THE E.C.M. ALLOWS FINE TUNE OF AIR / FUEL MIXTURE, NOT

USED ON ALL CARS.

TOP VIEW AND INLET VIEWS OF MASS AIR FLOW SENSORS

NOTE DIRECTIONOF ARROWINDICATESAIR FLOW

VANE AIR FLOW SENSOR

PURPOSE - USED ON SOME IMPORTS TO

DETERMINE AIR FLOW BY MOVING A DOOR

WHICH CHANGES THE VOLTAGE GOING BACK

TO THE E.C.M.

BOLTSTOAIR

CLEANERHOUSING.

AIRINLET

VANE AIR FLOW SENSOR IS A VARIABLE RESISTOR, IT VARIES RETURNINGVOLTAGE TO THE ECM, VOLTAGE CHANGES

WITH AIR FLOW

AIROUTLET

TO MOTOR -

HOSEMUST

BECONNECTED

THROTTLE BODY PURPOSE - IS A DIRECT LINK TO

THE GAS PEDAL - CONTROLS THE AMOUNT OF AIR GOING

INTO THE ENGINE.

THROTTLE BODY / THROTTLE POSITION SENSOR & IDLE AIR CONTROL MOTOR

INLET VIEWTHROTTLELINKAGE -

ATTATCHESTO

THROTTLECABLE

AIR INLET FROM AIR CLEANER

TPSSWITCH

IDLEAIR

CONTROLMOTOR

IAC

TOP SIDE VIEW THROTTLE BODYIDLE AIR CONTROL & THROTTLE POSITION

SWITCH

IAC MOTOR

TPS SWITCH

TOP VIEW OF THROTTLE BODYNAME THE COMPONENTS

A IS

B IS

THROTTLE POSITION SENSORPURPOSE - BY CHANGING THE VOLTAGE RETURNING TO THE

COMPUTER IT ALLOWS THE COMPUTER TO TELL THE

PERCENTAGE OF THROTTLE PLATE OPENING. MOUNTED OPOSITE OF

THROTTLE CABLE ON THE THROTTLE BODY.

TPS SWITCH ( THROTTLE POSITION SENSOR )

ELECTRICAL CONNECTOR

MOUNTING HOLES

BACK SIDE OF THROTTLE POSITIONSWITCH ( TPS ) SWITCH

HOLE FOR THROTTLESHAFT - THIS TURNS AS YOU ACCELERATE

MANIFOLD AIR PRESSURE SENSOR

PURPOSE - CHANGING VACUUM PRESSURE IN THE INTAKE MANIFOLD CHANGES THE

AMOUNT OF VOLTAGE GOING BACK TO THE E.C.M. ALLOWS

FOR FINE TUNING OF THE AIR - FUEL RATIO.

( MAP SENSOR )

MAP SENSOR

VACUUM HOSE CONNECTION

ELECTRICAL CONNECTOR

BAROMETRIC PRESSURE SENSOR

PURPOSE - CHANGING AIR PRESSURE SUCH AS CHANGES IN WEATHER, TEMPERATURE,

AND ELEVATION CHANGES THE VOLTAGE RETURNING TO THE

E.C.M.

BARO SENSOR ( BAROMETRIC PRESSURE SENSOR )

NO VACUUM HOSE ATTATCHED

IDLE AIR CONTROL MOTORPURPOSE - IS A COMPUTER CONTROLED

MOTOR THAT CAUSES A CONTROLED VACUUM LEAK FROM ONE SIDE OF THE THROTTLE BODY TO THE OTHER. IT IS MOUNTED ON THE THROTTLE BODY

IAC MOTORS ( IDLE AIR CONTROL )PROVIDES A CONTROLED VACUUM LEAK

TO ADJUST IDLE SPEED.

INTAKE AIR TEMPERATURE SENSOR

PURPOSE - THE VOLTAGE GOING BACK TO THE COMPUTER

CHANGES WITH THE CHANGING AIR TEMPERATURE. ALLOWS FINE

TUNING OF AIR TO FUEL RATIO. MOUNTED IN THE INTAKE

MANIFOLD

INTAKE AIR TEMPERATURE SENSOR

ENGINE COOLANT TEMPERATURE SENSORPURPOSE - THE VOLTAGE GOING BACK TO

THE COMPUTER CHANGES WITH THE CHANGING COOLANT TEMPERATURE.

DETERMINES WHEN THE E.C.M. GOES INTO CLOSED LOOP, ABOUT 190- 200 DEGRESS

ENGINE TEMPERATURE SENSORUSUALLY MOUNTED ON THE THERMOSTATHOUSING OR ON THE FRONT OF THE MOTOR

IN THE COOLANT FLOW

THERMOSTAT HOUSING AND ENGINE COOLANT TEMPERATRE SENSOR

OXYGEN SENSORPURPOSE - MONITORS THE

AMOUNT OF OXYGEN IN THE EXHAUST. THE ENGINE MAY

HAVE MORE THAN ONE. PRODUCES A VOLTAGE WHICH CHANGES WITH THE AMOUNT OF OXYGEN. MAY BE HEATED.

HEGOHEATED EXHAUST GAS OXYGEN SENSOR

SINGLE WIRE O2 SENSOR ( NOT HEATED )

KNOCK SENSORPURPOSE - SENDS SIGNAL TO THE

COMPUTER ( ECM ) WHEN IT DETECTS PINGING ( ENGINE KNOCK ) ECM WILL

RETARD TIMING UNTILL IT STOPS. USUALLY MOUNTED ON THE SIDE OF THE ENGINE

BLOCK.

KNOCK SENSOR TOP VIEW, SIDE VIEW,AND BOTTOM VIEW

SINGLE WIRE ELECTRICALCONNECTOR

THREADS

BOTTOMVIEWNOTE NOHOLE

SIDE VIEW

EXHAUST GAS RECIRCULATION VALVEPURPOSE - RECIRCULATES EXHAUST GASES TO REBURN IN THE ENGINE. HELPS REDUCE

EMISSIONS. MAY BE CONTROLED BY THE E.C.M.

TWO STYLES OF E.C.M. CONTROLED E.G.R. VALVES( EXHAUST GAS RECIRCULATION VALVES )

ELECTRICAL CONNECTORS

MISCELLANEOUS FUEL INJECTIONCOMPONENTS

INERTIA SWITCH ( FORD )PURPOSE - TO SHUT THE POWER OFF

TO THE ELECTRIC FUEL PUMP, IN AN ACCIDENT

MAY BE ACCIDENTALY TRIPPEDON A ROUGH ROAD OR?

E.F.I. FUEL FILTER PURPOSE TO KEEP THE FUEL GOING TO

THE INJECTORS CLEAN

THE BRAINS

E.C.M. ELECTRONIC CONTROL MODULE

WHAT IT CONTROLSTHE INJECTOR

THE PURPOSE OF ALL OF THE COMPONENTSIS TO ALLOW THE E.C.M. TO ADJUST THEAIR / FUEL RATIO TO OBTAIN THE MOST POWER, THE BEST FUEL ECONOMY, AND

THE LEAST AMOUNT OF EMISSIONS

AN ALTERNATIVE FUEL INJECTIONSYSTEM IS THE THROTTLE BODY

FUELINJECTION SYSTEM. IT HAS LESS

COMPONENTSMAKES MORE POWER AT LOWER

R.P.M.s AND GETSLESS MILES PER GALLION OF GAS.

FUEL INLETS AND OUTLETS

T.P.S.SWITCH

PRESSURE REGULATOR

INJECTORS

THROTTLE BODY FUEL INJECTIONUNIT- MOUNTS THE SAME AS A CARBURETOR

T.B.I. ( THROTTLE BODY FUEL INJECTION )THE HEART OF THE SYSTEM IS THE T.B.I. UNIT

THE BRAINS OF THE SYSTEM IS THE E.C.M.THIS SYSTEM HAS FEWER COMPONENTS, THAN

MULTI PORT E.F.I.