Elizabethan World Picture

ShakespeareShakespeare

TheTheElizabethan Elizabethan

World PictureWorld Picture

ContentsContentszz IntroductionIntroductionzz The Elizabethan AgeThe Elizabethan Agezz Chain of beingChain of beingzz Mirror

zz Macrocosm Macrocosm Ptolemys systemPtolemys system Copernican systemCopernican system System of System of

correspondencecorrespondence The human beingThe human being

HumoursHumours TemperTemper

King

Mirror

King

Introduction

Renaissance took place in Italy between 1400-1600 century.

In England around 16th century

Elizabeth I reigned 1588-1603 Elizabethan Era

Tillyard: Elizabethan World Picture

Renaissance

New birth = beginning of modern age. Discovery of the new world. Inventions and scientific progress. Seperation of church. Man as centre of interest.

Public school system for the privileged.

The Elizabethan Age

God had created the univers and everything in it.

He had established Order and unity. He had bound all lifeless and living things

together in a system. each object and being had his rightful

place According to his rank and usefulness.

Chain of being

Chain of being

Is divided into 4 kingdoms Mineral Kingdom

(est) Vegetable Kingdom

(est and vivit) Animal Kingdom

(est, vivit and feel) Human Kingdom

(est, vivit, feel and intelligent)

Chain of being

The human steps: Learned Human

(est, vivit, feel and intelligent)

Sensible(est, vivit and

feel) Gluttory

(est and vivit) Lazyness

(est)

The world consits of mirrors Neighbouring objects reflect each other

The higher object reflects the being of a lower in an higher, cleaner way.

The lower object reflects the being of a higher in a lower way.

Macrososm (Universe)

The Ptolemaic System, geocentric SystemThe Ptolemaic System, geocentric System

Claudius Ptolemy Claudius Ptolemy proposed a model of the proposed a model of the universeuniverse

earth at the centre earth at the centre (geocentric)(geocentric)

earth as stationaryearth as stationary other planets and the other planets and the

sun move in complex sun move in complex orbits around itorbits around it

The Ptolemaic System, geocentric SystemThe Ptolemaic System, geocentric System

centre: earthcentre: earth around the earth: around the earth:

seven zones of planets:seven zones of planets:mmoonoon, m, mercuryercury, , venusvenus, sun, , sun, mars, mars, jupiterjupiter and and saturnsaturn

outer zone is outside the outer zone is outside the universeuniverse CoelumCoelum EmpyraeumEmpyraeum

God, the Angels and the souls God, the Angels and the souls of the blessed lived thereof the blessed lived there

PtolemyPtolemys s ideaidea of of thethe universeuniverse

The Copernican System, heliocentric system

Nicolaus Copernicus (1473-1543)

heliocentric model ofthe solar system

the sun is stationary at the centre

the Earth moves around itNicolausNicolaus CopernicusCopernicus


Major characteristics:

the earth rotates daily on its axis and revolves yearly around the sun

the planets also circle the sun

the earth was just another planet

CopernicusCopernicus ideaidea of of thethe universeuniverse


the concept of a moving earth was too difficult for most 16th-century readers Consequently, the sun-centred system was hard to introduce

System of correspondence

Macrocosm Microcosm

sun (giving planets light and power, in the middle of the universe)

stars (placed highest in the sphere)

earthquakes and storms (in nature)

mans heart

mans head

mans passion

The human being (Man)

Mans position in the universe:

central position in the universe the highest position in the living nature the latest and the most perfect created

creature


Sir Walter Raleigh:

[And whereas God created three sorts of living natures, to wit, angelical, rational, and brutal; giving to angels an intellectual, and to beasts a sensual nature, he vouchsafed unto man both the intellectual of Angels, the sensitive of beasts, and the proper rational belonging unto man]


man has the function of a mirror the whole creation is reflected man is a summary, a model, and an

overview of the universe is called microcosm or the "little world"


Humours the body of the human being consists of the four elements His four humours correspond to the four elements contain the four basic qualities of these elements:

element humour quality in nature

earth melancholy cold and dry

Water phlegm cold and moist

Air sanguis hot and moist

fire choler hot and dry


The Tempers

the balance of the humours decided about the constitution of man

ideal balance was disturbed by the original sin

the balance is confused by atmosphere, the age of man, the geographic position and especially by the food


The domination of one of the humours led to four tempers: The Choleric Man, the Sanguine Man, the Phlegmatic Man and

the Melancholic Man

The Choleric Man:hath Nature of fire

is hot and dry, is lean and slender, ireful, hasty, brainless and foolish, he has wine of the lion; loves black clothes

The Sanguine Man: hath nature of air

is hot and moist, is large, plenteous, attempered, laughing, he has wine of an ape; loves high coloured clothes

The Phlegmatic Man: hath nature of Water

is cold and moist, heavy, slow, sleepy he has wine of the sheep; loves green clothes

The Melancholic Man hath nature of Earth

is cold and dry, backbiter, malicious, and slow, he has wine of an hog; loves black clothes

The King

representative of god on earth

can never be disturbed Moon: material goods Mercury: eloquence Venus: mildness Sun: religion Mars: bravery Jupiter: intelligence Saturn: Majesty

ShakespeareContentsIntroductionRenaissanceThe Elizabethan AgeChain of beingChain of beingChain of beingThe Ptolemaic System, geocentric SystemThe Ptolemaic System, geocentric SystemThe Copernican System, heliocentric systemThe Copernican System, heliocentric systemThe Copernican System, heliocentric systemSystem of correspondenceThe human being (Man)The human being (Man)The human being (Man)The human being (Man)The human being (Man)The human being (Man)The King

Documents

Elizabethan World Picture