ENERGY ENERGY SYSTEMSSYSTEMS

LESSON 1LESSON 1Energy, work, force, powerEnergy, work, force, powerTypes of EnergyTypes of EnergyATPATPReactionsReactions

LEARNING OBJECTIVESLEARNING OBJECTIVES

1.1. Can I define the terms Work, Can I define the terms Work, Force, Power and Energy?Force, Power and Energy?

2.2. Am I able to explain how ATP is Am I able to explain how ATP is broken down and re-synthesised?broken down and re-synthesised?

STARTERSTARTER

Spot the 10Spot the 10

differencesdifferences

DEFINITIONSDEFINITIONS

Define the following terms:Define the following terms:ENERGYENERGYWORK WORK FORCE FORCE POWERPOWER

DEFINITIONSDEFINITIONS

ENERGY = ENERGY = The ability to perform The ability to perform work; usually measured in Joules (J)work; usually measured in Joules (J)

WORK = WORK = Work (Nm or J) = Force (N) Work (Nm or J) = Force (N) X Distance (m) X Distance (m)

FORCE = FORCE = A push or pull that alters, A push or pull that alters, or tends to alter, the state of motion or tends to alter, the state of motion of a body. Measured in Newtons (N)of a body. Measured in Newtons (N)

POWER = POWER = The rate at which work The rate at which work can be done; or Work ÷ Time. can be done; or Work ÷ Time. Measured in Watts (W)Measured in Watts (W)

DEFINITIONSDEFINITIONS Discuss and try to explain the Discuss and try to explain the

following terms:following terms:KINETIC ENERGY KINETIC ENERGY CHEMICAL ENERGY CHEMICAL ENERGY POTENTIAL ENERGYPOTENTIAL ENERGY

DEFINITIONSDEFINITIONS KINETIC ENERGY = KINETIC ENERGY = Energy seen as Energy seen as

muscle movement. E.g. runningmuscle movement. E.g. running CHEMICAL ENERGY = CHEMICAL ENERGY = Energy stored Energy stored

in compounds in our bodies. E.g. ATP, in compounds in our bodies. E.g. ATP, Phosphocreatine, Carbs & FatsPhosphocreatine, Carbs & Fats

POTENTIAL ENERGY = POTENTIAL ENERGY = Stored Stored energy waiting to happen. E.g. ATP energy waiting to happen. E.g. ATP does nothing until the phosphate group does nothing until the phosphate group is released with the help of is released with the help of ATPaseATPase

ADENOSINE ADENOSINE TRIPHOSPHATE (ATP)TRIPHOSPHATE (ATP)

ATP ATP is the only usable source of is the only usable source of energy for workenergy for work

ATP ATP is stored in the muscles provides is stored in the muscles provides kinetic energy for muscular kinetic energy for muscular contractioncontraction

Breaking down the high energy bond Breaking down the high energy bond between the last two phosphate between the last two phosphate molecules acts as potential energymolecules acts as potential energy

The breakdown of The breakdown of ATP ATP will only last will only last 2-3 seconds.2-3 seconds.

REACTIONSREACTIONS

EXOTHERMIC REACTION = EXOTHERMIC REACTION = this is a this is a reaction that releases energyreaction that releases energy E.g. ATP is broken down into ADP and P and E.g. ATP is broken down into ADP and P and

releasing Energy for Muscle Contraction. releasing Energy for Muscle Contraction. This is an This is an Exothermic ReactionExothermic Reaction

ENDOTHERMIC REACTION = ENDOTHERMIC REACTION = this is this is a reaction which requires energy to be a reaction which requires energy to be addedadded E.g. ADP and P receive Energy from the E.g. ADP and P receive Energy from the

breakdown of PC to join P onto ADP to make breakdown of PC to join P onto ADP to make ATP. This is an ATP. This is an Endothermic ReactionEndothermic Reaction

ADENOSINE ADENOSINE TRIPHOSPHATE (ATP)TRIPHOSPHATE (ATP)

Draw a diagram of ATP being broken Draw a diagram of ATP being broken down (exothermic reaction)down (exothermic reaction)

Draw a diagram of ATP being re-Draw a diagram of ATP being re-synthesised (endothermic reaction)synthesised (endothermic reaction)

BREAKING DOWN ATPBREAKING DOWN ATP

RE-SYNTHESISING ATPRE-SYNTHESISING ATP

EXAM QUESTIONEXAM QUESTION

JANUARY 2005JANUARY 2005 11 a)a) Define the terms energy, work Define the terms energy, work

and and power, giving the units of power, giving the units of measurements for each.measurements for each. (3 (3

marks)marks)

b)b) ATP is a most important ATP is a most important compound.compound.

Explain why ATP plays such a Explain why ATP plays such a major major role during physical activity.role during physical activity.

(3 marks)(3 marks)

PLENARYPLENARY

Discuss how you think ATP Discuss how you think ATP can be re-synthesised during can be re-synthesised during exercise of different exercise of different intensities and over different intensities and over different durationsdurations