ENGT 122 – CAD I Chapter 3 – Draw Commands. Outline Chapter 3 – Draw Commands Drawing Arcs Drawing Rectangles Drawing Ellipses Drawing Polygons

ENGT 122 – CAD IENGT 122 – CAD I

Chapter 3 – Draw Chapter 3 – Draw CommandsCommands

Outline Outline Chapter 3 – Draw CommandsChapter 3 – Draw Commands

Drawing ArcsDrawing Arcs Drawing RectanglesDrawing Rectangles Drawing EllipsesDrawing Ellipses Drawing PolygonsDrawing Polygons Drawing PolylinesDrawing Polylines Drawing PointsDrawing Points

Drawing ArcsDrawing Arcs Arc – A portion of a circle.Arc – A portion of a circle. There are 11 different methods for creating an There are 11 different methods for creating an

arc which involve various combinations of the arc which involve various combinations of the following inputs;following inputs; Start PointStart Point End PointEnd Point Intermediate Point Intermediate Point Center PointCenter Point RadiusRadius Included AngleIncluded Angle Chord LengthChord Length

StartStart

Interm.Interm.

EndEndCenterCenter

CenterCenter

RadiusRadius

Angle

Angle

ChordChord

•Why so many options?Why so many options?

•How do you know which is the start How do you know which is the start point and which is the end point?point and which is the end point?

Drawing ArcsDrawing Arcs Arc commands issued from Arc commands issued from

Command line and Toolbar are Command line and Toolbar are identical. Both require interactive identical. Both require interactive data input and option selection data input and option selection using the keyboard.using the keyboard.

For Arc command issued from For Arc command issued from drop down menu drop down menu options are options are pre-selected. Input data is input pre-selected. Input data is input sequentially according to the sequentially according to the prompts prompts no additional option no additional option selection is required.selection is required.

Drawing ArcsDrawing Arcs

3-Point 3-Point (default method)(default method) Input:Input: Start Point, Intermediate Point, End Point. Start Point, Intermediate Point, End Point.

P1P1

P2P2

P3P3

Command: Command: AARCRCSpecify start point of arc or [Center]: Specify start point of arc or [Center]: P1P1Specify second point of arc or [Center/End]:Specify second point of arc or [Center/End]: P2P2Specify end point of arc:Specify end point of arc: P3P3

*Note: arc direction *Note: arc direction determined by 2determined by 2ndnd point. point. May go CW or CCW.May go CW or CCW.

P1P1

P2P2

P3P3

Demo 0:Demo 0:

Open file Open file Demo-Arcs.dwgDemo-Arcs.dwg.. Demonstrate 3-Point ARC command.Demonstrate 3-Point ARC command.

Exercise 1:Exercise 1: Draw the two arcs shown using the Draw the two arcs shown using the 3 Point 3 Point option. option. Points can be entered by absolute coordinates, Points can be entered by absolute coordinates,

relative coordinates, or a mixture of both.relative coordinates, or a mixture of both. If you have time, try to generate a circle from a If you have time, try to generate a circle from a

single 3 point arc. Notice the limitations?single 3 point arc. Notice the limitations?

Grid spacing = 1 unitGrid spacing = 1 unit

Origin (0,0)Origin (0,0)

Drawing ArcsDrawing Arcs Start, Center, End Start, Center, End Input:Input: Start Point, Center Point, End Point. Start Point, Center Point, End Point. Arc is drawn Arc is drawn from start to end about center. from start to end about center. Radius = distance from Start to Center point.Radius = distance from Start to Center point. End Point not necessarily on arc.End Point not necessarily on arc.

Command: Command: AARCRCSpecify start point of arc or [Center]: Specify start point of arc or [Center]: P1P1Specify second point of arc or [Center/End]: Specify second point of arc or [Center/End]: CCSpecify center point of arc: Specify center point of arc: P2P2Specify end point of arc or [Angle/chord Length]: Specify end point of arc or [Angle/chord Length]: P3P3

P1P1

P2P2

P3P3


Center, Start, End Center, Start, End Input:Input: Center Point, Start Point, End Point. Center Point, Start Point, End Point. Same as (Start, Center, End) option except for Same as (Start, Center, End) option except for

order of input.order of input.

Command: Command: AARCRCSpecify start point of arc or [Center]: Specify start point of arc or [Center]: CCSpecify center point of arc: Specify center point of arc: P1P1Specify start point of arc: Specify start point of arc: P2P2Specify end point of arc or [Angle/chord Length]: Specify end point of arc or [Angle/chord Length]: P3P3

P1P1

P2P2P3P3


Start, Center, Angle Start, Center, Angle Input:Input: Start Point, Center Point, Included Angle. Start Point, Center Point, Included Angle. Radius = distance from Start to Center point.Radius = distance from Start to Center point. Pos. Angle - arc is drawn Pos. Angle - arc is drawn from start about center. from start about center. Neg. Angle - arc is drawn Neg. Angle - arc is drawn from start about center. from start about center.

Command: Command: AARCRCSpecify start point of arc or [Center]: Specify start point of arc or [Center]: P1P1Specify second point of arc or [Center/End]: Specify second point of arc or [Center/End]: CCSpecify center point of arc: Specify center point of arc: P2P2Specify end point of arc or [Angle/chord Length]: Specify end point of arc or [Angle/chord Length]: AASpecify included angle: Specify included angle: 33

P1P1

P2P2ӨӨ33


Center, Start, Angle Center, Start, Angle Input:Input: Center Point, Start Point, Included Angle. Center Point, Start Point, Included Angle. Same as (Start, Center, Angle) option except for order Same as (Start, Center, Angle) option except for order

of input.of input.

Command: Command: AARCRCSpecify start point of arc or [Center]: Specify start point of arc or [Center]: CCSpecify center point of arc: Specify center point of arc: P1P1Specify start point of arc: Specify start point of arc: P2P2 Specify end point of arc or [Angle/chord Length]: Specify end point of arc or [Angle/chord Length]: AASpecify included angle: Specify included angle: 33

P1P1

P2P2

ӨӨ33

Demo 1:Demo 1:

Open file Open file Demo 1.dwgDemo 1.dwg.. Demonstrate ARC command:Demonstrate ARC command:

3 Point3 PointStart, Center, EndStart, Center, EndCenter, Start, EndCenter, Start, EndStart, Center, AngleStart, Center, AngleCenter, Start, AngleCenter, Start, Angle


3-Point Arc3-Point Arc

P1P1

P2P2

P3P3

P1P1

P2P2

P3P3

St, C, AngSt, C, Ang or or C, St, AngC, St, Ang

Radius = P1 to P2Radius = P1 to P2

Pos. Angle Pos. Angle from P1 from P1

Neg. Angle Neg. Angle from P1 from P1

St, C, EndSt, C, End or or C, St, EndC, St, End

Radius = P1 to P2Radius = P1 to P2

Arc Arc from P1 from P1P1P1

P2P2ӨӨ33

Quick ReviewQuick Review

Exercise 2:Exercise 2: Create the pink objects shown. For the arcs, use the Create the pink objects shown. For the arcs, use the

indicated arc command options. indicated arc command options. Use Use Relative CoordinatesRelative Coordinates as much as possible. as much as possible.

11 22 33 44 55

11

22

33

44

55

00

Grid spacing Grid spacing = 1 unit= 1 unit

00

3-Point3-Point

St,C,EndSt,C,End

St,C,AngleSt,C,Angle

End Lesson 7End Lesson 7

Drawing ArcsDrawing Arcs Start, Center, Length Start, Center, Length Input:Input: Start Point, Center Point, Chord Length. Start Point, Center Point, Chord Length. Radius = distance from Center to Start point.Radius = distance from Center to Start point. Arc is always drawn Arc is always drawn from start about center. from start about center. Pos. Chord – Minor Arc (< 180Pos. Chord – Minor Arc (< 180°).°). Neg. Chord – Major Arc (> 180Neg. Chord – Major Arc (> 180°).°).

Command: Command: AARCRCSpecify start point of arc or [Center]: Specify start point of arc or [Center]: P1P1Specify second point of arc or [Center/End]: Specify second point of arc or [Center/End]: CCSpecify center point of arc: Specify center point of arc: P2P2Specify end point of arc or [Angle/chord Length]: Specify end point of arc or [Angle/chord Length]: LLSpecify length of chord: Specify length of chord: L3L3

P1P1

P2P2L3L3L3 Positive -L3 Positive - Minor Arc Minor Arc

Drawing ArcsDrawing ArcsStart, Center, Length Start, Center, Length Arc always Arc always from start point. from start point. Extent of arc depends on sign of Chord Length.Extent of arc depends on sign of Chord Length.

P1P1

P2P2

L3L3

Pos. Length L3Pos. Length L3Minor ArcMinor Arc

P1P1

P2P2

L3L3

Neg. Length L3Neg. Length L3Major ArcMajor Arc

Drawing ArcsDrawing Arcs Center, Start, Length Center, Start, Length Input:Input: Center Point, Start Point, Chord Length. Center Point, Start Point, Chord Length. Same as (Start, Center, Length) option except for Same as (Start, Center, Length) option except for

order of input.order of input.

Command: Command: AARCRCSpecify start point of arc or [Center]: Specify start point of arc or [Center]: CCSpecify center point of arc: Specify center point of arc: CenterCenterSpecify start point of arc: Specify start point of arc: StartStartSpecify end point of arc or [Angle/chord Length]: Specify end point of arc or [Angle/chord Length]: LLSpecify length of chord: Specify length of chord: LengthLength

P1P1

P2P2

L3L3L3 Positive -L3 Positive - Minor Arc Minor Arc

Exercise 3:Exercise 3: Draw a line from (4,2) to (4,6). This is the chord of Draw a line from (4,2) to (4,6). This is the chord of

the 2 arcs shown. the 2 arcs shown. Use the Use the Cntr,St,LengthCntr,St,Length option to draw the blue option to draw the blue

minor arc.minor arc. Then use the Then use the Cntr,St,LengthCntr,St,Length option to draw the red option to draw the red

major arc that completes the first arc to form a full major arc that completes the first arc to form a full circle.circle.

(4,2)

Center=(3,4)

Chord = 4

(4,6)

For Minor Arc:For Minor Arc:Command:Command: AARCRCSpecify start point of arc or [Center]: Specify start point of arc or [Center]: CCSpecify center point of arc: Specify center point of arc: 3,43,4Specify start point of arc: Specify start point of arc: 4,24,2Specify end point of arc or [Angle/chord Length]: Specify end point of arc or [Angle/chord Length]: LLSpecify length of chord: Specify length of chord: 44

Exercise 3: SolutionExercise 3: Solution

For Major Arc:For Major Arc:Command:Command: AARCRCSpecify start point of arc or [Center]: Specify start point of arc or [Center]: CCSpecify center point of arc: Specify center point of arc: 3,43,4Specify start point of arc: Specify start point of arc: 4,64,6Specify end point of arc or [Angle/chord Length]: Specify end point of arc or [Angle/chord Length]: LLSpecify length of chord: Specify length of chord: -4-4

(4,2)

Center=(3,4)

Chord = 4(4,6)


Start, End, Angle Start, End, Angle Input:Input: Start Point, End Point, Included Angle. Start Point, End Point, Included Angle. Pos. Angle - arc is drawn Pos. Angle - arc is drawn from start to end. from start to end. Neg. Angle - arc is drawn Neg. Angle - arc is drawn from start to end. from start to end.

Command: Command: AARCRCSpecify start point of arc or [Center]: Specify start point of arc or [Center]: P1P1Specify second point of arc or [Center/End]: Specify second point of arc or [Center/End]: EESpecify end point of arc: Specify end point of arc: P2P2Specify center point of arc or [Angle/Direction/Radius]: Specify center point of arc or [Angle/Direction/Radius]: AASpecify included angle: Specify included angle: 33

P1P1

P2P2

ӨӨ33

Drawing ArcsDrawing Arcs Start, End, Direction Start, End, Direction Input:Input: Start Point, End Point, Starting Direction. Start Point, End Point, Starting Direction. Starting Direction – gives starting direction for arc by Starting Direction – gives starting direction for arc by

specifying direction of a tangent line. specifying direction of a tangent line. Starting Direction defined by angle (with respect to Starting Direction defined by angle (with respect to

pos. x-axis) or point defining line direction from Start pos. x-axis) or point defining line direction from Start Point.Point.

Start direction determines Start direction determines or or arc. arc.

Command: Command: AARCRCSpecify start point of arc or [Center]: Specify start point of arc or [Center]: P1P1Specify second point of arc or [Center/End]: Specify second point of arc or [Center/End]: EESpecify end point of arc: Specify end point of arc: P2P2Specify center point of arc or [Angle/Direction/Radius]: Specify center point of arc or [Angle/Direction/Radius]: DDSpecify tangent direction for the start point of arc: Specify tangent direction for the start point of arc: 33

P1P1

P2P2

ӨӨ33

Demo 2:Demo 2:

Open file Open file Demo 2.dwgDemo 2.dwg.. Demonstrate Demonstrate Start, End, DirectionStart, End, Direction option option

for for ARCARC command to achieve tangency. command to achieve tangency.

Exercise 4:Exercise 4: Draw the red line. Then use the Draw the red line. Then use the Start,End,DirectionStart,End,Direction

option of the option of the ARCARC command to create an arc tangent command to create an arc tangent to the line and through the given point.to the line and through the given point.

If you have time, use the same options to complete If you have time, use the same options to complete the circle.the circle.

PointPoint

11 22 33 44 55 66

11

22

33

44

55

66

77

77

Create the yellow arc using the Start, End, Direction Create the yellow arc using the Start, End, Direction option. Use the following data;option. Use the following data;Start Point Start Point P1P1 = (4,2) = (4,2)End Point End Point P2P2 = (5,8) = (5,8)Direction Angle = 30º Direction Angle = 30º

Then create the pink arc using Then create the pink arc using the Start, End, Direction option the Start, End, Direction option which completes the circle. which completes the circle.

Exercise 5:Exercise 5:

P1P1

P2P2

3030

Exercise 5: SolutionExercise 5: Solution

P1P1

P2P2

3030

Create the yellow arc using the Start, End, Direction option. Use the following data;Start Point P1 = (4,2)End Point P2 = (5,8)Direction Angle = 30º

Then create the pink arc using the Start, End, Direction option which completes the circle.

Command: ArcSpecify start point of arc or [Center]: 4,2Specify second point of arc or [Center/End]: ESpecify end point of arc: 5,8Specify center point of arc or [Angle/Direction/Radius]: DSpecify tangent direction for the start point of arc: 210

Drawing ArcsDrawing Arcs Start, End, Radius Start, End, Radius Input:Input: Start Point, End Point, Radius. Start Point, End Point, Radius. Arc always Arc always from Start point. from Start point. Positive Radius Positive Radius Minor Arc. Minor Arc. Negative Radius Negative Radius Major Arc. Major Arc.

Command: Command: ArcArcSpecify start point of arc or [Center]: Specify start point of arc or [Center]: P1P1Specify second point of arc or [Center/End]: Specify second point of arc or [Center/End]: EESpecify end point of arc: Specify end point of arc: P2P2Specify center point of arc or [Angle/Direction/Radius]: Specify center point of arc or [Angle/Direction/Radius]: RRSpecify radius of arc: Specify radius of arc: RadRad

P1P1

P2P2

+Rad.+Rad. -Rad

-Rad

Major ArcMajor ArcMinor ArcMinor Arc

0.48

0.3913°

1.83

0.98

90R0.48

St,End,Dir

St,End,Dir

St,End,Rad

.937

Demo3Demo3/Exercise:/Exercise: Draw the green & red objects by creating each segment Draw the green & red objects by creating each segment

in the order shown; in the order shown; AA first, then first, then BB, etc. , etc. Use the @ symbol to snap to the previous point.Use the @ symbol to snap to the previous point. For arcs For arcs BB and and DD use use St,End,DirSt,End,Dir

AABB

CC

DDEE

FF

Start Start PointPoint

*This is a *This is a demo/exercise demo/exercise using using Demo3.dwgDemo3.dwg

For arc For arc FF use use St,End,RadSt,End,Rad..

Proceed Proceed carefully to carefully to avoid any avoid any mistakes!!!mistakes!!!


Drawing ArcsDrawing Arcs(11)(11) Continue Option Continue Option Input:Input: End Point Only. End Point Only. Requires a pre-existing line or arc.Requires a pre-existing line or arc. Arc is drawn tangent to end point of previous line or Arc is drawn tangent to end point of previous line or

arc and ends at defined point.arc and ends at defined point.

Command: Command: ArcArcSpecify start point of arc or [Center]: Specify start point of arc or [Center]: [Enter][Enter]Specify end point of arc: Specify end point of arc: P1P1

P1P1

P1P1

Pre-Existing

Pre-Existing

LineLine

Pre-

Exist

ing

Pre-

Exist

ing

ArcArc

*Note*Note - A line can be drawn tangent to a - A line can be drawn tangent to a pre-existing arc using the same concepts.pre-existing arc using the same concepts.

Demo:Demo:

Show Show ContinueContinue option for Arc. option for Arc. Pre-existing arc.Pre-existing arc. Pre-existing line.Pre-existing line.

Show Show ContinueContinue option for Line. option for Line. Pre-existing arc.Pre-existing arc. Pre-existing line.Pre-existing line.

Show difference between continue option Show difference between continue option [Enter][Enter] versus versus @[Enter]@[Enter]. .

Exercise 6:Exercise 6: For the “S” use For the “S” use Start,End,RadiusStart,End,Radius for the blue arc. for the blue arc.

Then complete the figure using the Then complete the figure using the ContinueContinue option for the pink arc.option for the pink arc.

If you have time, create the If you have time, create the curly cue using a curly cue using a 3-point 3-point arc to arc to start the figure and multiple start the figure and multiple continuecontinue options to complete options to complete the figure.the figure.

0 1 2 3 40

1

2

3

4

5

6

St,End,Rad

Continue

Exercise 7:Exercise 7: Create the drawing shown using the indicated arc Create the drawing shown using the indicated arc

options. options. Use relative coordinates when possible.Use relative coordinates when possible.

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 90

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8R2.00St,End,Rad

3 Point

St,Cntr,End

St,Cntr,Length

2.8284

St,Cntr,Ang

St,End,Direction

Drawing RectanglesDrawing Rectangles

3 Methods to specify a Rectangle:3 Methods to specify a Rectangle: DefaultDefault - specify by 2 diagonal corner points. - specify by 2 diagonal corner points. AreaArea – specify area and length or width of one side. – specify area and length or width of one side. DimensionsDimensions – specify length and width of sides. – specify length and width of sides.

A rectangle is a single object consisting of 4 grouped A rectangle is a single object consisting of 4 grouped lines. Must “lines. Must “ExplodeExplode” before single line can be erased ” before single line can be erased or modified.or modified.

Default - Corner Points Method:Default - Corner Points Method:Command: Command: RECRECTANGLETANGLESpecify first corner point or Specify first corner point or [Chamfer/Elevation/Fillet/Thickness/Width]: [Chamfer/Elevation/Fillet/Thickness/Width]: P1P1Specify other corner point or [Area/Dimensions/Rotation]: Specify other corner point or [Area/Dimensions/Rotation]: P2P2

P1P1

P2P2


Area Method:Area Method:Command: Command: RECRECTANGLETANGLESpecify first corner point or Specify first corner point or

[Chamfer/Elevation/Fillet/Thickness/Width]: [Chamfer/Elevation/Fillet/Thickness/Width]: P1P1Specify other corner point or [Area/Dimensions/Rotation]: Specify other corner point or [Area/Dimensions/Rotation]: AAEnter area of rectangle in current units <10.0>: Enter area of rectangle in current units <10.0>: AreaAreaCalculate rect dims based on [Len/Width] <Len>: Calculate rect dims based on [Len/Width] <Len>: LL or or WW Enter rectangle length <15.0000>: Enter rectangle length <15.0000>: LengthLength or or WidthWidth

or widthor width

P1P1 LengthLengthW

idth

Wid

thAreaArea

Use negative Use negative value for value for opposite opposite directiondirection

Drawing RectanglesDrawing RectanglesDimension Method:Dimension Method:Command: Command: RECRECTANGLETANGLESpecify first corner point or Specify first corner point or [Chamfer/Elevation/Fillet/Thickness/Width]: [Chamfer/Elevation/Fillet/Thickness/Width]: P1P1Specify other corner point or [Area/Dimensions/Rotation]: Specify other corner point or [Area/Dimensions/Rotation]: DDSpecify length for rectangles <5.0000>: Specify length for rectangles <5.0000>: LengthLengthSpecify width for rectangles <3.0000>: Specify width for rectangles <3.0000>: WidthWidthSpecify other corner point or [Area/Dim/Rot]: Specify other corner point or [Area/Dim/Rot]: P2 P2 (flips rect.)(flips rect.)

P1P1

P2P2

LengthLength

Wid

thW

idthAlternate P2Alternate P2

Alternate P2Alternate P2Alternate P2Alternate P2

Other Options:Other Options: RotationRotation – rotation can be input. – rotation can be input.

Must supply angle or point.Must supply angle or point.

ChamferChamfer – creates chamfered rectangle. – creates chamfered rectangle. Must supply Chamfer size.Must supply Chamfer size.

FilletFillet - creates filleted rectangle. - creates filleted rectangle. Must supply fillet size.Must supply fillet size.

WidthWidth – line width can be input. – line width can be input. Must supply line width.Must supply line width.

*NOTE:*NOTE: Values for Chamfer, Fillet, Width, and Rotation are Values for Chamfer, Fillet, Width, and Rotation are retained for subsequent rectangles. Be sure to reset these retained for subsequent rectangles. Be sure to reset these values to 0 if standard rectangle is desired.values to 0 if standard rectangle is desired.


Demo:Demo: Rectangles: Load Rectangles: Load Demo-Rectang.dwgDemo-Rectang.dwg

Draw default 2 Point Rectangle.Draw default 2 Point Rectangle.Draw Area RectangleDraw Area RectangleDraw Dimension Rectangle.Draw Dimension Rectangle.Explode rectangleExplode rectangleShow other options;Show other options;

RotationRotation ChamferChamfer FilletFillet WidthWidth

Exercise 8:Exercise 8: Draw the green Rectangle by Draw the green Rectangle by Corner Point MethodCorner Point Method: :

6” long and 4” wide with lower left corner at (1,1).6” long and 4” wide with lower left corner at (1,1).

Draw the pink Rectangle using the Draw the pink Rectangle using the Dimension Dimension option:option: 4” long and 2” wide with 1st corner at (6,4).4” long and 2” wide with 1st corner at (6,4).

(0,0)Origin

Experiment with the Experiment with the Rotate, Chamfer, Rotate, Chamfer, Fillet, and Width Fillet, and Width Options.Options.

Be sure to reset Be sure to reset parameters back to parameters back to zero when you are zero when you are done!done!

first cornerfirst corner(6,4)(6,4)


CENTER

Drawing Ellipses:Drawing Ellipses:

An Ellipse is a circle An Ellipse is a circle viewed from an angle.viewed from an angle.

The components of an The components of an ellipse are shown.ellipse are shown.

To initiate an ellipse;To initiate an ellipse; Command:Command: ELELLIPSELIPSE Draw Tool Bar:Draw Tool Bar:

Draw Drop Down Menu:Draw Drop Down Menu:

Demo 4:Demo 4:

Visuallizing an ellipse as a rotated circle:Visuallizing an ellipse as a rotated circle: Load file Load file Demo 4.dwgDemo 4.dwg Rotate using Rotate using ROTATE3DROTATE3D on x-axis. on x-axis.

Circular cylinders and Circular cylinders and holes appear as ellipses holes appear as ellipses

when rotated into an when rotated into an isometric view.isometric view.


Axis & Half Width Method:Axis & Half Width Method:

Command: Command: ELELLIPSELIPSESpecify axis endpoint of ellipse or [Arc/Center]: Specify axis endpoint of ellipse or [Arc/Center]: P1P1Specify other endpoint of axis: Specify other endpoint of axis: P2P2Specify distance to other axis or [Rotation]: Specify distance to other axis or [Rotation]: Half Length Half Length oror P3 P3

Specify End Points (Specify End Points (P1P1, , P2P2) ) for one axis (major or for one axis (major or minor) and Half Length of minor) and Half Length of other axis.other axis.

If using coordinate input If using coordinate input for for P3P3, , Half LengthHalf Length is is distance from distance from P3P3 to ellipse to ellipse centercenter

P1P1 P2P2P3P3 half length

Major Axis

Minor Axis

Center

(center is ref for relative coords)(center is ref for relative coords)

Demo:Demo: Ellipse: Load Ellipse: Load Demo-Ellipse.dwgDemo-Ellipse.dwg

Axis & Half Width MethodAxis & Half Width Method Next demo show Axis & Rotation MethodNext demo show Axis & Rotation Method Next demo show Center & Axis MethodNext demo show Center & Axis Method

Drawing Ellipses:Drawing Ellipses:Axis & Rotation Method:Axis & Rotation Method: Specify End Points for Major axis and Specify End Points for Major axis and

rotation angle of circle about Major axis.rotation angle of circle about Major axis.

CommandCommand: ELELLIPSELIPSESpecify axis endpoint of ellipse or [Arc/Center]: Specify axis endpoint of ellipse or [Arc/Center]: P1P1Specify other endpoint of axis: Specify other endpoint of axis: P2P2Specify distance to other axis or [Rotation]: Specify distance to other axis or [Rotation]: RRSpecify rotation around major axis: Specify rotation around major axis: AngleAngle

Angle Angle – Enter angle – Enter angle value (0° - 89.4°) or use value (0° - 89.4°) or use mouse as lever arm to mouse as lever arm to dynamically rotate about dynamically rotate about major axis.major axis.

0º0º

90º90º

45º45º

P1P1

P2P2

Major AxisMajor Axis

Minor AxisMinor Axis

CenterCenter

Exercise 9:Exercise 9: 1)1) Draw the red ellipse whose major axis is 4” and whose Draw the red ellipse whose major axis is 4” and whose

rotation angle around this axis is 60º.rotation angle around this axis is 60º.

2)2) Draw the green ellipse whose major axis is 4” and whose Draw the green ellipse whose major axis is 4” and whose rotation angle around the major axis is 15º.rotation angle around the major axis is 15º.

3) Draw the yellow ellipse with a Major axis of 4” and a 3) Draw the yellow ellipse with a Major axis of 4” and a Minor axis of 2 units. This ellipse should be identical to the Minor axis of 2 units. This ellipse should be identical to the first ellipse from the exercise. Confirm this using the first ellipse from the exercise. Confirm this using the MOVEMOVE command to place one approximately on top of the other.command to place one approximately on top of the other.

1 2 3

P1P1P2P2

P3P3 half length

Major Axis

Minor Axis

Center


Center & Axes Method:Center & Axes Method: Same as previous methods but first axis defined by Same as previous methods but first axis defined by

center and one End Point (instead of axes ends). center and one End Point (instead of axes ends).

Command: Command: ELELLIPSELIPSESpecify axis endpoint of ellipse or [Arc/Center]: Specify axis endpoint of ellipse or [Arc/Center]: CCSpecify center of ellipse: Specify center of ellipse: P1P1Specify endpoint of axis: Specify endpoint of axis: P2P2Specify distance to other axis or [Rotation]: Specify distance to other axis or [Rotation]: Half LengthHalf Length oror P3 P3

Drawing Regular Polygons:Drawing Regular Polygons: Regular PolygonRegular Polygon – A closed planar – A closed planar

figure with straight sides of equal figure with straight sides of equal length and equal angles. Sides length and equal angles. Sides are grouped as a single object (3 are grouped as a single object (3 to 1024 sides).to 1024 sides).

To initiate a Polygon;To initiate a Polygon; Command:Command: POLPOLYGONYGON Draw Tool Bar:Draw Tool Bar:


33SidesSides

44SidesSides

55SidesSides

66SidesSides

88SidesSides

Drawing Polygons:Drawing Polygons:

Center Method #1:Center Method #1: Specify Specify # Sides# Sides.. Polygon based on a circle: Polygon based on a circle:

Specify Specify Center (P1)Center (P1).. Specify whether Specify whether InscribedInscribed or or CircumscribedCircumscribed..

Type the length of the circle Type the length of the circle RadiusRadius: : Base edge aligns x-axis of current UCS.Base edge aligns x-axis of current UCS.

Command: Command: POLPOLYGONYGONEnter number of sides <6>: Enter number of sides <6>: 66Specify center of polygon or [Edge]: Specify center of polygon or [Edge]: P1P1Enter an option [Inscribed in circle/Circumscribed about circle] Enter an option [Inscribed in circle/Circumscribed about circle] <I>: <I>: II for inscribedfor inscribed, , CC for circumscribedfor circumscribedSpecify radius of circle: Specify radius of circle: RadiusRadius

Rad

Inscribed Circumscribed

P1P1Rad

Demo 5:Demo 5: POLYGONS:POLYGONS: Load file Load file Demo5.dwgDemo5.dwg

Show Center Method #1 Show Center Method #1 Inscribed Inscribed Vs. Circumscribed. Vs. Circumscribed.

Show Explode commandShow Explode command Next Demo – Show Center Method #2 Next Demo – Show Center Method #2 Next Demo - Show Edge OptionNext Demo - Show Edge Option

Drawing Polygons:Drawing Polygons:

Center Method #2:Center Method #2: Specify Specify # Sides# Sides.. Specify Specify Center (P1)Center (P1).. Specify Specify InscribedInscribed//CircumscribedCircumscribed.. Specify Specify RadiusRadius of circle by point input of circle by point input P2P2::

InscribedInscribed – Corner of polygon placed at point – Corner of polygon placed at point P2P2.. CircumscribedCircumscribed – Midpoint of polygon edge placed at point – Midpoint of polygon edge placed at point P2P2..

Command: Command: POLPOLYGONYGONEnter number of sides <6>: Enter number of sides <6>: 66Specify center of polygon or [Edge]: Specify center of polygon or [Edge]: P1P1Enter an option [Inscribed in circle/Circumscribed about circle] Enter an option [Inscribed in circle/Circumscribed about circle] <I>: <I>: II for inscribedfor inscribed, , CC for circumscribedfor circumscribedSpecify radius of circle: Specify radius of circle: P2P2

Inscribed Circumscribed

P1

P2 P2

P1

P2P2P1P1

Controls Polygon Controls Polygon OrientationOrientation

Drawing Regular Polygons:Drawing Regular Polygons:

Edge Method:Edge Method: Specify number of Sides.Specify number of Sides. Specify End Points (Specify End Points (P1P1, , P2P2) for first edge.) for first edge. End points determine edge direction, and polygon End points determine edge direction, and polygon

created in created in direction. direction.

Command: Command: POLPOLYGONYGONEnter number of sides <4>: Enter number of sides <4>: SidesSidesSpecify center of polygon or [Edge]: Specify center of polygon or [Edge]: EESpecify first endpoint of edge: Specify first endpoint of edge: P1P1Specify second endpoint of edge: Specify second endpoint of edge: P2P2

P1

P2

Edge DirectionPolygon

Direction

Exercise 10:Exercise 10: Draw the red circles at the given center Draw the red circles at the given center

locations (Radius = 2”).locations (Radius = 2”). Then draw the green polygons using Center Then draw the green polygons using Center

Method #2.Method #2.

Center=(2,4) Center=(8,4)


Drawing Polylines:Drawing Polylines: PolylinePolyline – A series of interconnected lines – A series of interconnected lines

and arcs with special properties and and arcs with special properties and controllable width.controllable width.

To initiate a Polyline;To initiate a Polyline;Command:Command: PLPLINEINEDraw Tool Bar:Draw Tool Bar:


A polyline is formed as a single object comprised A polyline is formed as a single object comprised of line and arc segments.of line and arc segments.

Primary options:Primary options: Line Line – line mode creates straight line segments– line mode creates straight line segments Arc Arc – arc mode creates polyarc segments– arc mode creates polyarc segments

Depending on the option selection, a different set Depending on the option selection, a different set

of sub-options occurs.of sub-options occurs.

Secondary options: Secondary options: Line Width (for start & end of segment)Line Width (for start & end of segment) Additional options for defining geometryAdditional options for defining geometry

Drawing Polylines:Drawing Polylines:

Drawing Polylines:Drawing Polylines:Line Option (default):Line Option (default): Specify end points similar to Line command.Specify end points similar to Line command. Options:Options:

ArcArc – switches to Polyarc mode. – switches to Polyarc mode. CloseClose – same as for Line command. – same as for Line command. HalfwidthHalfwidth – input halfwidth of line at start & end. – input halfwidth of line at start & end. LengthLength –creates line of specified length at angle –creates line of specified length at angle

of previous segment. If previous segment is arc, of previous segment. If previous segment is arc, then line is drawn tangent to arc.then line is drawn tangent to arc.

UndoUndo – same as for Line command. – same as for Line command. WidthWidth - input width of line at start & end. - input width of line at start & end.

Command: Command: PLPLINEINESpecify start point: Specify start point: P1P1Current line-width is 0.0000Current line-width is 0.0000Specify next point or [Arc/Halfwidth/Length/Undo/Width]: Specify next point or [Arc/Halfwidth/Length/Undo/Width]: P2P2Specify next point or [Arc/Close/Halfwidth/Length/Undo/Width]:Specify next point or [Arc/Close/Halfwidth/Length/Undo/Width]:

Demo 6:Demo 6: Load file Load file Demo6.dwgDemo6.dwg.. Show Polyline Line Options:Show Polyline Line Options:

HalfwidthHalfwidthLengthLengthUndoUndoWidth Width ArcArc

Exercise 11A:Exercise 11A:

Draw the following objects using Polylines. Use Draw the following objects using Polylines. Use keyboard entry only!keyboard entry only!

3.00 1.50

w=.25

w=.75

4.00

3.00

w=.25

w=.125w=0


PolyArc Options: PolyArc Options: Activated by (Activated by (AA))rcrc option. option. Default Arc –Default Arc –

Specify Specify End PointEnd Point only. only. Arc drawn tangent to previous segment by default. Arc drawn tangent to previous segment by default. Similar to Continue option for standard Arc Similar to Continue option for standard Arc

command.command.

EndpointEndpoint

Previous SegmentPrevious Segment

Default ArcDefault Arc

TangentTangent


(Start)(Start),, AngleAngle,, EndpointEndpoint (Start)(Start),, AngleAngle,, CenterCenter (Start)(Start),, AngleAngle,, RadiusRadius,, Chord Direction Chord Direction

(Start)(Start),, CenterCenter,, EndpointEndpoint (Start)(Start),, CenterCenter,, AngleAngle (Start)(Start),, CenterCenter,, Chord LengthChord Length

(Start)(Start),, RadiusRadius,, EndpointEndpoint (Start)(Start),, RadiusRadius,, Angle, Chord DirectionAngle, Chord Direction

(Start)(Start),, DirectionDirection,, EndpointEndpoint (Start)(Start),, 22ndnd Point Point,, Endpoint Endpoint (3-point arc)(3-point arc)

AngleAngle

CenterCenter

RadiusRadius

OddOddBallBall

PolyArc Options: PolyArc Options: Activated by (Activated by (AA))rcrc option. option. Additional Arc Creation Options –Additional Arc Creation Options –


(Start)(Start),, AngleAngle,, EndpointEndpoint (Start)(Start),, AngleAngle,, CenterCenter (Start)(Start),, AngleAngle,, Radius, Chord DirectionRadius, Chord Direction

(Start)(Start),, CenterCenter,, EndpointEndpoint (Start)(Start),, CenterCenter,, AngleAngle (Start)(Start),, CenterCenter,, Chord LengthChord Length

(Start)(Start),, RadiusRadius,, EndpointEndpoint (Start)(Start),, RadiusRadius,, Angle, Chord DirectionAngle, Chord Direction

(Start)(Start),, DirectionDirection,, EndpointEndpoint (Start)(Start),, 22ndnd Point Point,, Endpoint Endpoint (3-point arc)(3-point arc)

AnglAnglee

CenterCenter

RadiusRadius

OddOddBallBall

Tips for Creating Polyarcs:Tips for Creating Polyarcs: ((StartStart) point is already given (end point of last segment).) point is already given (end point of last segment). Based on info provided, select an initial option;Based on info provided, select an initial option;

AngleAngle CenterCenter RadiusRadius Odd-BallOdd-Ball Provide input based on concepts learned from ARC Provide input based on concepts learned from ARC

command.command. Select remaining options based on given info.Select remaining options based on given info.

Demo 6:Demo 6: Load file Load file Demo6.dwgDemo6.dwg.. Show Polyline Arc Options:Show Polyline Arc Options:

w=.125w=.25(Start), Angle, Center(Start), Radius, End

R1.00

4.00

0.75

R1.00

(Start), 2nd Point, End

w=.4

45°

2.828

(Start), Direction, End

(Start), Direction, End

4.00

w= 0 or 0.3

Start Herew= 0 or 0.3

Exercise 11B:Exercise 11B: Draw the following objects Draw the following objects

using Polylines. Use keyboard using Polylines. Use keyboard entry only!entry only!

If you finish early, draw your If you finish early, draw your

initials using Polylines as initials using Polylines as neatly and uniformly as neatly and uniformly as possible possible using coordinate using coordinate entryentry..

PointPoint – Exactly what you think it is. Typically used as a – Exactly what you think it is. Typically used as a drawing aid for geometric constructions. drawing aid for geometric constructions.

Command line Command line single point allowed per command. single point allowed per command. Toolbar or Menu Toolbar or Menu Multiple successive points may be Multiple successive points may be

specified.specified. Point Marker appears at coordinates specified.Point Marker appears at coordinates specified. To initiate a Point;To initiate a Point;

Command:Command: POPOINTINT Draw Tool Bar:Draw Tool Bar:


Drawing Points:Drawing Points:

Changing Point Types: Changing Point Types: Size and Style of the point marker can be changed.Size and Style of the point marker can be changed.

Edit System Variables:Edit System Variables:PDMODEPDMODE – variable controlling point style. – variable controlling point style.PDSIZEPDSIZE - variable controlling point size - variable controlling point size (+ value (+ value

for absolute size, – value for relative size).for absolute size, – value for relative size). Use Drop Down Menu: Use Drop Down Menu: Highly Recommended Highly Recommended

FORMATFORMAT > > POINT STYLEPOINT STYLE


BLIPS: BLIPS: Depending on your system settings, you may Depending on your system settings, you may

notice construction marks (notice construction marks (BlipsBlips) everywhere you ) everywhere you specify a point…even for window selection, center specify a point…even for window selection, center specifications for a circle, line end points, etc.specifications for a circle, line end points, etc.

These are different than point markers.These are different than point markers. They will disappear when you REDRAW, PAN, or They will disappear when you REDRAW, PAN, or

ZOOM.ZOOM. They can also be permanently disabled;They can also be permanently disabled;

Command: Command: BlipmodeBlipmode > > OffOff


Demonstration:Demonstration:

Points:Points: Draw points by command line Draw points by command line

and menus.and menus. Change Style and Size using Change Style and Size using

Menu;Menu;

FORMAT > POINT STYLEFORMAT > POINT STYLE

Exercise 12:Exercise 12: Draw several points using each of the following Draw several points using each of the following

styles. Vary the point sizing using both relative and styles. Vary the point sizing using both relative and absolute units, then zoom and use absolute units, then zoom and use REGENALLREGENALL to to regenerate the drawing display. regenerate the drawing display.


Chapter 3 Chapter 3 The End The End

RETIRED RETIRED MATERIALMATERIAL

NomenclatureNomenclature Since we are now familiar with issuing commands Since we are now familiar with issuing commands

using all 3 forms: using all 3 forms: Command LineCommand Line,, Toolbar Menu Toolbar Menu,, andand Drop Down Menu Drop Down Menu, only the Command line , only the Command line form will be examined in detail.form will be examined in detail.

The Tool Bar and Drop Down forms of the The Tool Bar and Drop Down forms of the commands are very similar to the command line commands are very similar to the command line commands unless noted.commands unless noted.

Since most of this chapter involves Draw Since most of this chapter involves Draw commands, its important that you review & learn commands, its important that you review & learn the layout and command names for the Draw the layout and command names for the Draw toolbar and Draw drop down menu.toolbar and Draw drop down menu.

Demo3Demo3/Exercise:/Exercise: Draw the green & red objects by creating each segment Draw the green & red objects by creating each segment

in the order shown; in the order shown; AA first, then first, then BB, etc. , etc. Use the @ symbol to snap to the previous point.Use the @ symbol to snap to the previous point. For arcs For arcs BB

and and DD use use St,End,DirSt,End,Dir

For arc For arc FF use use St,End,RadSt,End,Rad..

Proceed Proceed carefully to carefully to avoid any avoid any mistakes!!!mistakes!!!

0.9370.937

AABB

CC

DD EE

FF

Start Start PointPoint

*This is a *This is a demo/exercise demo/exercise using using Demo3.dwgDemo3.dwg

Exercise 7:Exercise 7: Create the drawing shown using the indicated arc Create the drawing shown using the indicated arc

options. options. Use relative coordinates when possible.Use relative coordinates when possible.

3-Point

Origin(0,0)

arc

Chord length1.4142

St,Cen,Length

R0.7St,End,Rad

Make as 2 arcs:

11 22 33 44 55 66 77 88 9

11

22

33

44

55

66

Exercise 6:Exercise 6: For each figure use For each figure use Start,End,RadiusStart,End,Radius for the first for the first

arc. Then complete the figure using the arc. Then complete the figure using the ContinueContinue option.option.


Axis & Half Width Method:Axis & Half Width Method:

Command: EllipseSpecify axis endpoint of ellipse or [Arc/Center]: P1Specify other endpoint of axis: P2Specify distance to other axis or [Rotation]: Length or P3

P1P1P2P2

len

gth

len

gthP3P3

Specify End Points for one Specify End Points for one axis (major or minor) and axis (major or minor) and Half Length of the other Half Length of the other axis.axis.

If picking is used, Half If picking is used, Half Length is the distance Length is the distance from pick point to ellipse from pick point to ellipse center.center.

Drawing Ellipses:Drawing Ellipses:Axis & Rotation Method:Axis & Rotation Method: Specify End Points for Major axis and Specify End Points for Major axis and

rotation angle of circle about Major axis.rotation angle of circle about Major axis.

CommandCommand: EllipseEllipseSpecify axis endpoint of ellipse or [Arc/Center]: Specify axis endpoint of ellipse or [Arc/Center]: P1P1Specify other endpoint of axis: Specify other endpoint of axis: P2P2Specify distance to other axis or [Rotation]: Specify distance to other axis or [Rotation]: RRSpecify rotation around major axis: Specify rotation around major axis: AngleAngle

P1P1 P2P2Angle Angle – Enter angle – Enter angle value or use mouse value or use mouse as lever arm to as lever arm to dynamically rotate dynamically rotate about major axis.about major axis.

0º0º

90º90º

45º45º


Center & Axes Method:Center & Axes Method: Same as previous methods but first axis defined by Same as previous methods but first axis defined by

center and one End Point (instead of axes ends). center and one End Point (instead of axes ends).

Command: Command: EllipseEllipseSpecify axis endpoint of ellipse or [Arc/Center]: Specify axis endpoint of ellipse or [Arc/Center]: CCSpecify center of ellipse: Specify center of ellipse: P1P1Specify endpoint of axis: Specify endpoint of axis: P2P2Specify distance to other axis or [Rotation]: Specify distance to other axis or [Rotation]: Length Length or P3

P1P1P3P3

len

gth

len

gth

P2P2

Drawing Ellipses:Drawing Ellipses:Elliptical Arcs:Elliptical Arcs: Ellipse command can be used to draw elliptical arcs by Ellipse command can be used to draw elliptical arcs by

choosing the choosing the (A)rc(A)rc option. option. Similar to previous ellipse construction except limits Similar to previous ellipse construction except limits

for the arc must be defined;for the arc must be defined; Start and end angle of arc. Start and end angle of arc. Start and included angle of arcStart and included angle of arc Start and end parameters of arc.Start and end parameters of arc.

Angle is defined Angle is defined from major axis from major axis

nearest first ellipse point selected.nearest first ellipse point selected.

Command: Command: EllipseEllipseSpecify axis endpoint of ellipse or [Arc/Center]: Specify axis endpoint of ellipse or [Arc/Center]: AASpecify axis endpoint of elliptical arc or [Center]: Specify axis endpoint of elliptical arc or [Center]: P1P1Etc….Etc….

Demo:Demo: Elliptical Arcs:Elliptical Arcs:

Start and end angle of arc. Start and end angle of arc. Start and included angle of arc.Start and included angle of arc.

Exercise:Exercise: Create the following elliptical arcs, each Create the following elliptical arcs, each

has a major axis of 4 units and a minor has a major axis of 4 units and a minor axis of 2 units.axis of 2 units.

A. Use Center option

B. Use Included Angle

C. YourChoice

Exercise:Exercise: Draw only the elliptical arcs using keyboard Draw only the elliptical arcs using keyboard

entry only. Grid spacing equals 1 unit.entry only. Grid spacing equals 1 unit.

Origin (0,0)Origin (0,0)

Center for all ellipsesCenter for all ellipses

For All Ellipses: For All Ellipses: Major Axis = 6 Major Axis = 6 Minor Axis = 4Minor Axis = 4

PolyArc Option: PolyArc Option: Activated by (Activated by (AA))rcrc option. option. Default Arc –Default Arc –

Specify end point only.Specify end point only. Arc drawn tangent to previous segment by default. Arc drawn tangent to previous segment by default. Similar to Continue option for standard Arc command.Similar to Continue option for standard Arc command.

Other Arc Creation Options:Other Arc Creation Options: AngleAngle – Specify included angle of arc. Positive – Specify included angle of arc. Positive for for arc, arc,

Negative Negative for for arc. Tangency will not necessarily be arc. Tangency will not necessarily be maintained. Then input maintained. Then input EndpointEndpoint or; or;

CenterCenter – C, then enter arc center point. – C, then enter arc center point.RadiusRadius – R, then enter arc radius. – R, then enter arc radius.

and chord direction.and chord direction.


- Ө

Drawing Polylines:Drawing Polylines:PolyArc Option: PolyArc Option: Activated by (Activated by (AA))rcrc option. option. Default ArcDefault Arc – specify end point, arc drawn tangent to – specify end point, arc drawn tangent to

previous segment by default.previous segment by default. Options:Options:

AngleAngle – Specify included angle of arc. Positive – Specify included angle of arc. Positive for for arc, Negative arc, Negative for for arc. Tangency will not arc. Tangency will not necessarily be maintained. Then input necessarily be maintained. Then input EndpointEndpoint or; or;

CenterCenter – C, then enter arc center point. – C, then enter arc center point.RadiusRadius – R, then enter arc radius. – R, then enter arc radius.

and chord direction.and chord direction.

Command: Command: PlinePlineSpecify start point: Specify start point: P1P1Current line-width is 0.1000Current line-width is 0.1000Specify next point or [Arc/Halfwidth/Length/Undo/Width]: Specify next point or [Arc/Halfwidth/Length/Undo/Width]: AASpecify endpoint of arc orSpecify endpoint of arc or[Angle/CEnter/Direction/Halfwidth/Line/Radius/Second [Angle/CEnter/Direction/Halfwidth/Line/Radius/Second pt/Undo/Width]: pt/Undo/Width]: P2P2

- Ө

Drawing Polylines:Drawing Polylines:PolyArc Option:PolyArc Option: Options:Options:

CenterCenter – Specify arc centerpoint. Then enter – Specify arc centerpoint. Then enter EndpointEndpoint or; or;

AngleAngle – A, then enter included angle for arc. – A, then enter included angle for arc.LengthLength – L, then enter chord length for arc. – L, then enter chord length for arc.

DirectionDirection – Allows start point tangency angle to be – Allows start point tangency angle to be input. Specify angle from pos. x-axis; or input input. Specify angle from pos. x-axis; or input point (point (P1P1) which joins with end of previous ) which joins with end of previous segment to form tangent line. Then specify segment to form tangent line. Then specify endpoint (endpoint (P2P2).).

- - ӨӨ

P1P1

- - ӨӨ

P1P1P2P2


PolyArc Option: PolyArc Option: Activated by (A)rc option.Activated by (A)rc option. Options:Options:

HalfwidthHalfwidth – same as for line option. – same as for line option. LineLine –returns to Line Mode. –returns to Line Mode. RadiusRadius – Specify arc radius. Then enter end point or; – Specify arc radius. Then enter end point or;

AngleAngle – A, then enter included angle for arc and – A, then enter included angle for arc and direction of chord.direction of chord.

Second PointSecond Point – same as 3 point arc. Enter second – same as 3 point arc. Enter second point, then third point for arc.point, then third point for arc.

UndoUndo – same as for Line command. – same as for Line command. WidthWidth – same as on line option. – same as on line option.

Exercise 11:Exercise 11: Draw the following objects using Polylines. Use Draw the following objects using Polylines. Use

keyboard entry only!keyboard entry only!

Radius = 1Radius = 1W=.25W=.25W=.35

W=.35

If you finish early, draw your initials or name If you finish early, draw your initials or name using Polylines as neatly and uniformly as using Polylines as neatly and uniformly as possible possible using coordinate entryusing coordinate entry..

W=.5W=.5W=.25W=.25

W=.25W=.25

W=.1W=.1

W=.075W=.075

W=.05W=.05

W=0W=0

W=0W=0

Radius=1Radius=1

Length

=4

Length

=4

Documents

ENGT 122 – CAD I Chapter 3 – Draw Commands. Outline Chapter 3 – Draw Commands Drawing Arcs Drawing Rectangles Drawing Ellipses Drawing Polygons