3
1 Enough to Live On: The Arts of the WPA Director’s Statement By Michael Maglaras Eighty years ago in 1935, as we were in the middle of the Great American Depression, many people asked whether America’s best days were behind her. From time to time, as I am stunned by what I see and read in so much of today’s news, I ask that same question, as I am sure many of you do. It is not a rhetorical question. It is a question worth asking…are America’s best days behind her? Franklin Roosevelt was convinced that the way to rebuild our confidence in ourselves was to return us to work. Labor. Toil. Effort. On May 6, 1935, FDR signed an executive order authorizing the creation of the Works Progress Administration …the WPA. It was an effort aimed at simply putting us all back to work. That effort included, by August 1935, artists, musicians, writers, actors, and others…who could have been handed a pick or shovel…but, instead, were handed an opportunity, through the practice of their art, to help us understand what had happened to us on October 24, 1929. To help us understand what we were continuing to endure, and, through our engagement with what became known as the arts of the WPA, to inspire us to dig ourselves out of the horrific mess we had so blithely gotten ourselves into. FDR knew, somehow instinctively, that creative Americans could play a role in America’s rebirth. Sure, the creative endeavors sponsored by the federal government…the early work of the Public Works of Art Project, the later work of the Section under the Treasury Department, and the enormous collective efforts of the Federal Art Project, the Federal Music Project, the Federal Theater Project, and the Federal Writers Project…were all first and foremost work relief efforts. With equal certainty, however, I can state that this deep intervention by the federal government into the creative lives of Americans enriched our society, helped to rebuild it, and helped to sustain it through the dark days of breadlines, abject poverty, and profound despair.

Enough’to’LiveOn :!!The!Arts!of!the!WPA! Director’s!Statement!two17films.com/pdf/directorstmntenoughtoliveon.pdf! 1! Enough’to’LiveOn:!!The!Arts!of!the!WPA! Director’s!Statement!

  • Upload
    others

  • View
    6

  • Download
    0

Embed Size (px)

Citation preview

Page 1: Enough’to’LiveOn :!!The!Arts!of!the!WPA! Director’s!Statement!two17films.com/pdf/directorstmntenoughtoliveon.pdf! 1! Enough’to’LiveOn:!!The!Arts!of!the!WPA! Director’s!Statement!

  1  

Enough  to  Live  On:    The  Arts  of  the  WPA  Director’s  Statement  By  Michael  Maglaras  

 Eighty  years  ago  in  1935,  as  we  were  in  the  middle  of  the  Great  American  Depression,  many  people  asked  whether  America’s  best  days  were  behind  her.      From  time  to  time,  as  I  am  stunned  by  what  I  see  and  read  in  so  much  of  today’s  news,  I  ask  that  same  question,  as  I  am  sure  many  of  you  do.  It  is  not  a  rhetorical  question.  It  is  a  question  worth  asking…are  America’s  best  days  behind  her?    Franklin  Roosevelt  was  convinced  that  the  way  to  rebuild  our  confidence  in  ourselves  was  to  return  us  to  work.  Labor.  Toil.  Effort.  On  May  6,  1935,  FDR  signed  an  executive  order  authorizing  the  creation  of  the  Works  Progress  Administration  …the  WPA.      

 

It  was  an  effort  aimed  at  simply  putting  us  all  back  to  work.  That  effort  included,  by  August  1935,  artists,  musicians,  writers,  actors,  and  others…who  could  have  been  handed  a  pick  or  shovel…but,  instead,  were  handed  an  opportunity,  through  the  practice  of  their  art,  to  help  us  understand  what  had  happened  to  us  on  October  24,  1929.  To  help  us  understand  what  we  were  continuing  to  endure,  and,  through  our  engagement  with  what  became  known  as  the  arts  of  the  WPA,  to  inspire  us  to  dig  ourselves  out  of  the  horrific  mess  we  had  so  blithely  gotten  ourselves  into.      FDR  knew,  somehow  instinctively,  that  creative  Americans  could  play  a  role  in  America’s  rebirth.  Sure,  the  creative  endeavors  sponsored  by  the  federal  government…the  early  work  of  the  Public  Works  of  Art  Project,  the  later  work  of  the  Section  under  the  Treasury  Department,  and  the  enormous  collective  efforts  of  the  Federal  Art  Project,  the  Federal  Music  Project,  the  Federal  Theater  Project,  and  the  Federal  Writers  Project…were  all  first  and  foremost  work  relief  efforts.  With  equal  certainty,  however,  I  can  state  that  this  deep  intervention  by  the  federal  government  into  the  creative  lives  of  Americans  enriched  our  society,  helped  to  rebuild  it,  and  helped  to  sustain  it  through  the  dark  days  of  breadlines,  abject  poverty,  and  profound  despair.      

 

Page 2: Enough’to’LiveOn :!!The!Arts!of!the!WPA! Director’s!Statement!two17films.com/pdf/directorstmntenoughtoliveon.pdf! 1! Enough’to’LiveOn:!!The!Arts!of!the!WPA! Director’s!Statement!

  2  

The  WPA  was  to  be  a  grand  experiment.  Federal  money  thrown  against  the  problem  of  unemployment  under  the  simple  idea  that  it  was  better  to  be  employed  than  not…regardless  of  what  the  work  involved  was.  Better  to  be  off  the  streets  than  agitating  in  the  streets.  Better  to  be  using  skills  than  letting  them  languish,  and  with  that  languishment  see  the  spirit  of  a  nation’s  people  deflate  before  their  eyes  and  before  the  eyes  of  emerging  enemies  at  the  edge  of  either  ocean.    With  the  creation  of  the  controversial  WPA,  Franklin  Roosevelt  and  his  friend  and  alter  ego,  Harry  Hopkins,  were  flying  by  the  seat  of  their  pants.  With  the  creation  of  the  four  major  arts  projects  under  the  WPA,  FDR  pushed  through  an  even  more  controversial  agenda.  Creative  citizens,  out  of  work  like  the  rest  of  us,  were  worth  saving  like  the  rest  of  us.  The  employment  of  actors,  musicians,  artists,  and  writers  could  and  did  contribute  to  the  rebuilding  of  our  society,  the  rescuing  of  our  culture.      At  the  time,  FDR  was  not  entirely  sure…no  one  was  entirely  sure…that  doing  this  would  contribute  much  of  anything  to  our  recovery  from  the  Great  Depression;  but  the  certainty  of  the  outcome  seemed  less  important  than  the  trying.  FDR  and  Harry  Hopkins  were  not  slaves  to  social  media,  for  there  was  no  social  media  then  as  we  understand  it  now.  Neither  was  it  going  to  be  about  convening  a  focus  group  to  decide  whether  putting  artists  to  work  would  resonate  well  with  the  American  electorate…for  no  human  being  who  has  ever  lived  was  less  in  need  of  a  focus  group  to  help  him  make  up  his  mind  than  FDR.  The  WPA,  under  the  benevolent  dictatorship  of  Harry  Hopkins  and  under  the  enlightened  stewardship  of  people  such  as  Hallie  Flanagan  and  Holger  Cahill,  made  the  arts  in  America  an  integral  part  of  the  rebuilding  of  our  society.  It  seemed  to  be  the  right  thing  to  do  at  the  time;  and  now,  eighty  years  later,  we  know  it  to  have  been  exactly  that.      

 

When  I  was  making  “Enough  to  Live  On:  The  Arts  of  the  WPA,”  I  realized,  early  on  in  the  process  of  deciding  what  to  use  and  what  not  to,  that  I  had  to  choose  my  content  wisely.  Much  of  the  art  created  under  these  projects  was  second-­‐rate…some  even  third-­‐rate.  So  much  of  the  visual  imagery  was  burdened  with  the  obvious  and  easy:  too  many  men  with  shovels  in  their  hands;  too  much  muck  about  the  dignity  of  backbreaking  labor.  But  as  I  worked  through  this  content,  I  realized  so  much  of  what  had  been  created  was  profoundly  good;  not  only  that,  but  that  this  film  needed  to  be  about  much  more  than  an  elegantly  created  but  isolated  mural  in  a  rural  post  office,  or  a  puppet  show  performed  in  a  public  park  giving  kids  a  few  moments  of  distraction  from  daily  reminders  of  want,  or  a  poster  warning  us  (with  graphic  excellence  and  without  a  shred  of  embarrassment)  about  the  disaster  of  contracting  syphilis.  It  was  about  the  recognition  that  when  creative  persons  do  what  they  do…they  are  working.  They  labor;  they  toil.  They  also  create.      

   

Page 3: Enough’to’LiveOn :!!The!Arts!of!the!WPA! Director’s!Statement!two17films.com/pdf/directorstmntenoughtoliveon.pdf! 1! Enough’to’LiveOn:!!The!Arts!of!the!WPA! Director’s!Statement!

  3  

   The  spawning  of  a  work  filled  with  creative  spirit  and  sparked  into  life  with  federal  funds  became,  as  a  result  of  the  Great  American  Depression,  the  ultimate  example  of  what  we  were  capable  of  when  our  backs  were  firmly  against  the  wall.      In  the  1930s,  things  got  tough  in  America.  The  arts  of  the  WPA  revealed  us  to  ourselves,  and  what  we  saw  were  images,  what  we  heard  was  music,  what  we  read  were  words,  which  reminded  us  that  the  continual  experiment  of  our  American  democracy  was  and  remains,  in  fact,  just  that:  a  trial  and  error  game  that  was  then  and  still  is  a  game  continuing  to  be  played  out,  and  that  only  needs,  like  all  games,  to  be  won.  Win  it  we  did  in  1935.  Win  it  we  shall.    In  my  latest  film,  the  story  I  wanted  to  tell  is  a  story  at  multiple  levels.  It  is  the  story  of  what  happens  when  a  government  understands  that  a  worker  picking  up  an  artist’s  brush  or  sitting  down  at  a  piano  is  actually  “working.”  It  is  a  story  about  perseverance:  if  the  first  idea  doesn't  work,  try  something  else.  It  is  equally  a  story  about  the  enrichment  of  the  human  spirit  through  what  we  see  on  the  walls  of  a  public  building,  or  hear  at  a  concert,  or  watch  as  a  play  unfolds.  In  each  case,  and  through  each  experience,  we  individually  and  consciously  participate  in  the  re-­‐weaving  of  the  fabric  of  our  society.  This  important  idea  was  born  in  1935.  Eighty  years  later,  and  facing  the  challenges  we  face  that  are  so  clearly  revealed  to  us  in  daily  news  reports,  we  continue  to  understand  how  important  an  idea  this  remains.      Public  support  for  the  arts,  your  attendance  at  one  of  my  films,  your  support  of  your  local  symphony  orchestra,  or  theater  troupe,  or  arts  and  crafts  project  is,  each  day  of  the  week,  the  stuff  of  which  the  rebuilding  of  our  society  and  the  re-­‐creation  of  ourselves  continues.      Are  America’s  best  days  behind  her?  The  answer  lies  in  the  words  of  the  19th  century  English  critic  and  painter  John  Ruskin,  who  wrote,  “Great  nations  write  their  autobiographies  in  three  manuscripts:  the  book  of  their  deeds,  the  book  of  their  words,  and  the  book  of  their  art.”    With  regard  to  the  last  of  Ruskin’s  three  books,  I  can  tell  you  emphatically  that  the  arts  in  America  are  alive,  but  to  remain  alive  they  continue  to  need  our  support  at  all  levels  and  to  be  a  living  part  of  the  lives  of  all  citizens.    The  arts  in  America  live  today,  in  no  small  measure,  because,  at  the  beginning  of  the  Depression  and  facing  the  potential  disintegration  of  our  democracy,  we  had  the  audacity  to  put  the  arts  squarely  at  the  service  of  that  democracy:  an  idea  embodied  in  the  phrase  of  the  great  educator  and  philosopher  John  Dewey,  who  wrote,  “How  can  a  finished  citizen  be  made  in  an  artless  town?”    Image  Page  1:    Detail:  Life  of  Action,  Carl  W.  Peters,  1937.  Mural.  Photography:  Fotowerks/St.  Clair  Photo  Imaging,  Rochester,  NY    Image  Page  2:    Detail:  Life  of  Contemplation,  Carl  W.  Peters,  1937.  Mural.  Photography:  Fotowerks/St.  Clair  Photo  Imaging,  Rochester,  NY      ©  217  Films  2015.    All  rights  reserved.                      www.two17films.com