EOD Forces in Support of Operation ENDURING FREEDOM and Operation IRAQI FREEDOM US Navy Explosive Ordnance Disposal EOD Forces in Support of Operation

US Navy Explosive Ordnance Disposal

EOD Forces in Support of EOD Forces in Support of Operation ENDURING FREEDOM and Operation ENDURING FREEDOM and

Operation IRAQI FREEDOMOperation IRAQI FREEDOM

The Acquisition Perspective

CDR Tom Green

PMS-EOD

Mine Warfare Association Spring Meeting

May 2003

SUMMARY OF EOD FORCESSUMMARY OF EOD FORCESGlobally Dispersed DetachmentsGlobally Dispersed Detachments

EODMU 8 Sigonella

2 EOD MCM

EODMU 8 Sigonella

2 EOD MCM

EODMU 8Bahrain

1 EOD MCM

EODMU 8Bahrain

1 EOD MCM

EODMU 5Sasebo, Japan

1 EOD MCM

EODMU 5Sasebo, Japan

1 EOD MCM

EODMU 5Guam

1 EOD MCM

EODMU 5Guam

1 EOD MCM

BG/ATGEMBARKEDEOD DETS



EODMU 6Ingleside, TX2 EOD MCM

EODMU 6Ingleside, TX2 EOD MCM

CHOKEPOINTS



Dedicated EOD MCM DETs (Enhanced MCM Capabilities)

Afloat EOD DETs (Partial MCM Capabilities)

Shore Support EOD DETs (Limited MCM Capabilities)

EODMU 6Charleston4 EOD MCM

EODMU 6Charleston4 EOD MCM

NSCT-12 MMS MCM1 VSW MCM

VSW MMS PlatoonDiver PlatoonUUV Platoon

NSCT-12 MMS MCM1 VSW MCM

VSW MMS PlatoonDiver PlatoonUUV Platoon

EODMU 3Coronado

5 EOD MCM

EODMU 3Coronado

5 EOD MCM

Dedicated MMS/VSW DETs (Specialized MCM Capabilities)

Dedicated Area Search DETs (Limited MCM Capabilities)

Charleston1 ASD

Charleston1 ASD

Norfolk1 ASD

Norfolk1 ASD

Whidbey2 ASD

Whidbey2 ASD

S.D.1 ASD

S.D.1 ASD

Sigonella1 ASD

Sigonella1 ASD

EOD FORCES DEPLOYEDEOD FORCES DEPLOYED

• Primary Missions:• Mine Countermeasures (NSCT ONE, EODMU

2, 3, 6, 8)

• Force Protection/Anti-Terrorism(EODMU 3, EODMU 7)

• UXO Operations Ashore (EODMU 2, 6, 8)

• Shipboard DETs (CVBG/ARG)

• Areas Deployed:• Afghanistan

• Umm Qasr

• Bahrain

• Rumaila Oil Fields

BACKGROUNDBACKGROUNDEOD MissionEOD Mission

EOD FUNCTIONSEOD FUNCTIONS

DETECT/LOCATE

ACCESS

IDENTIFY

RENDER SAFE

RECOVER/EXPLOIT

DISPOSE

EOD THREAT AREASEOD THREAT AREAS

CONVENTIONAL ORDNANCE:• SURFACE/AIR • UNDERWATER • CHEMICAL/BIOLOGICAL • NUCLEAR

UNCONVENTIONAL DEVICES:• IMPROVISED EXPLOSIVE

DEVICES• WMD (CHEM/BIO/NUCLEAR)

ELIMINATE THE HAZARDS FROM UNEXPLODED ORDNANCE (UXO) WHICH JEOPARDIZE OPERATIONS IN SUPPORT OF THE NATIONAL SECURITY STRATEGY

PROGRAM MANAGEMENT OFFICE PROGRAM MANAGEMENT OFFICE EXPLOSIVE ORDNANCE DISPOSALEXPLOSIVE ORDNANCE DISPOSAL

(PMS-EOD)(PMS-EOD)

PMS-EOD Provides Life Cycle Management of:• Joint Service EOD Programs

• Underwater EOD Programs

• Marine Mammal Programs

• Very Shallow Water MCM Programs

Responsibilities include Budgeting, Development, In-service Engineering, and Operation and Maintenance Support

The EOD Mission Requires Specialized Systems and Equipment for:• Exploration and Reconnaissance MCM

• Low Visible Operations

• Low Signature (Magnetic and Acoustic)

• Operation in Harsh Environments

• Small, Mobile Deployed EOD Forces

TODAY’S BRIEFTODAY’S BRIEF

Will focus on a few PMS-EOD acquisition programs that have been deployed ISO recent operations in Afghanistan and the Middle East

Some of these systems deployed in “operational prototype” modes

Only possible due to active engagement of users and support from labs during the prototype development stages

Looking forward to hot wash-up and lessons learned to determine how we can do better

Bottom line:Bottom line:EOD Forces have a “tool bag” approach to their missions.

Our job is to keep the tool bag relevant and supported.

The EOD Ashore UXO “Toolbag”The EOD Ashore UXO “Toolbag”Tactical Integration of Small UGVs with EOD Forces

• Rapid UXO Clearance

• Reduce Risk to EOD Technician

• Stand-of Disruption

• Remote Identification/Inspection

• Multiple UXO Clearance Ops

JOINT SERVICE EODJOINT SERVICE EODROBOTIC PROGRAMSROBOTIC PROGRAMS

MK 3 MOD 0 REMOTE ORDNANCE NEUTRALIZATION SYSTEM (RONS)

MISSIONMISSION• Complement/augment the EOD Technician when Performing

Reconnaissance, Access, Render Safe, Pick up and Carry Away, and DisposalDuring Hazardous EOD Missions

• Indoor/Outdoor Capability

• IEDs/Conventional Ordnance

DEPLOYEDOperationENDURING FREEDOM

Source: Air Force Link

Source: Air Force Link

“While airborne robots, otherwise known as unmanned aerial vehicles, first gained notoriety in Operation Desert Storm, a treads-on-the-ground cousin, the ‘Packbot,’ has now debuted in Operation Iraqi Freedom.”

“A robot was used to remotely look for enemy soldiers thought to be hiding in an agricultural center building on March 30th. The following day it was used to remotely examine equipment left on an airfield before engineers from the 101st Airborne cleared the runway for humanitarian relief operations, according to Sgt. 1st Class Tim South, special projects noncommissioned officer for the Rapid Equipping Force.”

“While airborne robots, otherwise known as unmanned aerial vehicles, first gained notoriety in Operation Desert Storm, a treads-on-the-ground cousin, the ‘Packbot,’ has now debuted in Operation Iraqi Freedom.”

“A robot was used to remotely look for enemy soldiers thought to be hiding in an agricultural center building on March 30th. The following day it was used to remotely examine equipment left on an airfield before engineers from the 101st Airborne cleared the runway for humanitarian relief operations, according to Sgt. 1st Class Tim South, special projects noncommissioned officer for the Rapid Equipping Force.”

JOINT SERVICE EODJOINT SERVICE EODROBOTIC PROGRAMSROBOTIC PROGRAMS

MAN TRANSPORTABLE ROBOTIC SYSTEM (MTRS)

MISSIONMISSION• Complement/Augment the EOD Technician

when Performing Reconnaissance, Render Safe, Disruption, Disposal DuringExtremely Hazardous EOD Missions

• Indoor/Outdoor Capability

• UXO/IEDs

Excerpts from “Robots put “treads on the ground” in Iraq “By Timothy L. Rider, Information Management Task Forcehttp://www.amc.army.mil/amc/pa/releases03/robots.html

DEPLOYED

Operation

IRAQI FREEDOM

DEPLOYEDOperationENDURING FREEDOM

The EOD Underwater UXO “Toolbag”The EOD Underwater UXO “Toolbag”Tactical Integration of Small UUVs with Diver & MMS Forces

EOD & VSW DIVER

MCM MARINE MAMMALSYSTEMS

Tactically integrate affordable, small UUV systems into the VSW & EOD toolbags to:• Reduce risk to divers• Improve effectiveness and

efficiency• Sustain “small team”

concept in spite of proliferating UXO threats

• Get man out of the minefield where possible

FLEETFLEETMARINE MAMMAL SYSTEMSMARINE MAMMAL SYSTEMS

MK 5 MMS

Object RecoverySystem

MK 6 MMSForce Protection Swimmer Defense

MK 4 MMS

MineCountermeasures

MK 7 MMSMine Countermeasures

MK 8 MMS

VSW MCM

DEPLOYED

Operation

IRAQI FREEDOM

DEPLOYED

Operation

IRAQI FREEDOM

DEPLOYED

Operation

IRAQI FREEDOM

DEPLOYED

Operation

IRAQI FREEDOM

MK 6 MARINE MAMMAL SYSTEMMK 6 MARINE MAMMAL SYSTEM

Mission: Swimmer &Diver Detection

Complement: Six DolphinsSensory Capability: BioSonarRapid Deployment Capability

Calls to Duty:

• Vietnam, 1970

• EARNEST WILL, 1987

• Republican Convention, 1996

• IRAQI FREEDOM

DEPLOYED

Operation

IRAQI FREEDOM

MK 6 MMS TOOL BAGMK 6 MMS TOOL BAG

Design: 3-layer system• Inner Waterproof Vinyl Liner• Thermal Neoprene Bag Layer• Exterior Nylon Protective Bag


Mission: Bottom Mine Hunting & NeutralizationComplement: Eight Dolphins

Sensory Capability: BioSonarRapid Deployment Capability

Enhancements:• Shipboard Forward Deployment

• SW/VSW Amphibious Mine Hunting

Calls to Duty:• Republican Convention, 1996• IRAQI FREEDOM

DEPLOYED

Operation

IRAQI FREEDOM

Source: US Navy News


MK 7 MMS VSWMK 7 MMS VSWA MK 7 MMS Product Improvement Program

•Work Boat Equipment and Tactics Focus on Operations in VSW Region (10-40 FSW)

•Operates in a Post Assault Environment Against VSWAnti-Invasion Mines

•Marker Station Keeping in Surge Environment

•Reports Bottom or In-Volume Mines

DEPLOYED

Operation

IRAQI FREEDOM


Employment:• Production Decision Oct 2001 • Several Fleet exercises in

conjunction with developmental testing

Capabilities:• Minefield exploration

and reconnaissance • Detect and locate all

VSW mines • Higher probability of

detection and significantly greater search rates than divers

• Shipboard Forward Deployed

Calls to Duty:• IRAQI FREEDOM

Mission: Advance Force & Pre-Assault VSW MCMComplement: Four dolphins

Sensory Capability: BioSonarRapid Deployment Capability

DEPLOYED

Operation

IRAQI FREEDOM

MK 8 MMSMK 8 MMS

DEPLOYED

Operation

IRAQI FREEDOM

Source: AP News



NEW MARINE MAMMAL SECURITY SYSTEMNEW MARINE MAMMAL SECURITY SYSTEM

Product Improvement to existing MK 5/6 MMS.Prototype Deployed to Bahrain ISO Operation

IRAQI FREEDOM.

DEPLOYED

Bahrain





EVOLUTIONARYEVOLUTIONARY VSW MCM UUV PROGRAMVSW MCM UUV PROGRAM Small UUV Systems for Search-Classify-Map UUV Mission

• Developed Cadreof Small UUV Experts

• UOES Completed150 missions/Over 200 hoursUUV mission time

• Vehicles traveled > 700 NM through water

• Developed SOP and draft CONOPS for integration into MCM Force

• Interim capability:3-vehicle system(MK 18 MOD 0 SCULPIN)

Exercises:• Kaho’olawe Survey• Full Mission

Profiles, Camp Pendleton

• Exercise Bank Shot, North Carolina

• RIMPAC-02, Hawaii

• FBE-J, Camp Pendleton

Calls to Duty:• San Diego Bay Carrier Pier Search

(Post-9/11)• Deployed to C5F for ATFP Operational

Demonstration – ASU BAHR• Umm Qasr, IRAQI FREEDOM

DEPLOYEDOperationIRAQI FREEDOM

EOD ATFP UUV PROGRAMEOD ATFP UUV PROGRAMPost - 9/11 Defense Emergency Response Fund (DERF) Initiative

• Limited Deployment Capability for Rapid Object Localization Tactics With Small UUVs

• FY03/04 Initiative

• Fielded Prototype REMUS UUVs at two EOD Units (1 East Coast/1 West Coast) within 10 Months of Funding Start

• > 30 Missions Per Unit to Date• Ship Berthing Area Surveys• Mine Relocation at Ingleside

• Fleet feedback continues – Feeding Requirements Refinement for FY 2004 EOD UUV Program

• Shorter Tactical Timelines and Reduced Risk to Diver Search in Harbors and Under Hulls

• ROV Rapid Procurement Ongoing to Assist in Under-hull Tactics

• ONR Technology Efforts Ongoing for Under Hull UUV Applications

Change DetectionChange

Detection

Bridge Pilings

Harbor Bottom

Pier

SensorCoverage Area

CRRC

Ship

Co

ncr

ete

seaw

all

Or

Pil

ing

s

Ship

Running gear inspection from stern

Inspect sections of side/bottom

Stern ViewBow View

Harbor Bottom

Pier

SensorCoverage Area

CRRC

Ship

Co

ncr

ete

seaw

all

Or

Pil

ing

s

Ship

Running gear inspection from stern

Inspect sections of side/bottom

Stern ViewBow View



Operation IRAQI FREEDOMOperation IRAQI FREEDOM

OPERATIONAL STATISTICS:OPERATIONAL STATISTICS:

• Four Teams of Specialized Underwater Operators to Include:

• US Explosive Ordnance Disposal Mobile Unit Six (DETs 2, 6, and 8)

• US Naval Special Clearance Team One(with a UUV Platoon, a Diver Platoon, and2 Dolphin DETs)

• UK Fleet Diving Group, and

• Australian Clearance Dive Team

SOME SPECIFIC STATISTICS:SOME SPECIFIC STATISTICS:

• 913 Nautical Miles of Water Space Cleared (Coalition MCM Ships, Helos, Coalition Divers, UUVs, and Mammals)

• 237 Mine-like Objects Discovered/ Investigated

• 90 Mines Recovered/Interdicted

• 11 Mines Destroyed

EOD FORCESEOD FORCESOperation IRAQI FREEDOMOperation IRAQI FREEDOM

UMM QASR EOD FORCESUMM QASR EOD FORCES Coalition forces conducted land and water clearance operations in the Port of

Umm Qasr U.S. Navy EOD Teams disposed of 4,962 items for a total net explosive weight of

35,937 lbs UXO Coalition divers conducted a total of 174 dives for a total bottom time of 110 hrs

and 20 min Cleared 21 berths and all land areas in new and old ports

1 MEF/CFLCC EOD SUPPORT1 MEF/CFLCC EOD SUPPORT U.S. Navy EOD Teams assigned to U.S. Marine Corps:

• Assigned to Marine Engineering Group (MEG SERT) providing land and riverine IED, UXO and landmine clearance support (cleared 27 caches, 24 neighborhoods, train station and a hospital)

• Assigned to Fuel Line Teams and maneuver element providing land, IED, UXO and landmine clearance support

Disposed over 800,000 items for a total net explosive weight of over 330,000 lbs UXO

EOD FORCESEOD FORCESOperation IRAQI FREEDOM (cont’d)Operation IRAQI FREEDOM (cont’d)

CFLCC RESTORE IRAQI OIL EOD SUPPORTCFLCC RESTORE IRAQI OIL EOD SUPPORT U.S. Navy EOD assigned to Restore Iraqi Oil (RIO) mission in Southern and

Northern Rumaila Oil Fields escorting LOGCAP Cleared GOSPs in southern fields, GOSPs and pump stations in northern

fields, GOSPs and pump stations and IPSA in Az Zubayr Cleared 402 oil wells and over 2 square miles for firefighting and media Located and disposed of 21 weapons and ammo caches with total N.E.W. of

approximately 11,000 lbs.

SALVAGESALVAGE Conducted salvage/recovery operations in support of coalition forces Recovered 2 SH-3 UK helicopters and 6 of 7 deceased aircrew Recovered A/V-8 A/C Disposed/scuttled 2 partially submerged Dhows (hazards to navigation) Salvage of 2 sunken Patrol Boats in Ports of Umm Qasr and KorAzubahr


EOD FP DIVESEOD FP DIVES Conducted 482 EOD Force Protection Dives in support of C5F, MPS,

APS, and MSC shipping. Kuwait - Port of Ash Shuaybah and KNB: 46 Qatar - Port of Mesaieed: 35; Seychelles: 11; Djibouti: 7 Bahrain - Mina Sulman: 117 UAE - Jebel Ali/Fujiara: 251 Oman - Salalah: 15

EOD FORCESEOD FORCESOperation IRAQI FREEDOM (cont’d) Operation IRAQI FREEDOM (cont’d)

“The arrival of a relief ship laden with emergency supplies at the port of Umm Qasr on Friday followed several days of allied mine clearing efforts… in support of Operation Iraqi Freedom. The operation marked…the initial operational launch of Navy unmanned underwater vehicles, according to Rear Adm. Paul Ryan, Commander of Mine Warfare Command.”

Inside the Navy, 31 March 2003 “It’s [NSCT-1 UUV Platoon] done a wonderful job for us

over there in the Umm Qasr vicininty and we are looking forward to the end of the conflict to be able to tell the full story of the first operational deployment of UUVs.”

RDML Paul Ryan, CMWCInside the Navy , 31 Mar 2003

“…[UUVs] gadgets were the main workhorses of the mine clearing effort… if one got blown up in the process, the relatively cheap price meant it would be no big deal.”

LT Richard Haas, USNOIC, NSCT-1Inside the Navy ,31 Mar 2003


COMLANTFLT endorsement to a COMEODGRU TWO ltr outlining requirement for small UUVs for Navy EOD underwater UXO operations.

• “UUVs will allow divers to focus on the more complex and arduous task of neutralization, in place render safe operations and exploitation intelligence gathering.”

Paul RyanRDML, USNCLF N8

Post 9-11 REMUS Employment in Carrier Basin/San Diego.

• “Search and reacquisition of targets consumes an inordinate amount of available mission time using current technologies. UUV employment will act as a force multiplier and allow EOD technicians and divers to use their limited bottom time rendering safe underwater ordnance or conducting salvage operations vice conducting extensive search operations.”

W. E. Wright, CAPT, USNCOMEODGRU ONE

SUMMARY SUMMARY

PMS-EOD responsible for the majority of the UUVs and UGVs fielded in DoD.

PMS-EOD remains closely engaged with sponsor and end-users in accelerated acquisition projects for small UUVs and UGVs.

Tactical integration of these tools with EOD forces, their TT&P, and with other tools in their toolbag is key to successfully countering UXO in the operational environment.

Leveraging technology investments of other larger UUV and UGV programs and technology investments remains a key element of our strategy.

Documents

EOD Forces in Support of Operation ENDURING FREEDOM and Operation IRAQI FREEDOM US Navy Explosive Ordnance Disposal EOD Forces in Support of Operation