European Middle Ages500-1400

European Middle Ages500-1500

Middle Ages-Intro. ActivityAlso known as Medieval Times or the Dark

Ages

List 5 things that come to mind. Consider when and where we are talking

about, what happens during that time, what life was like.

Draw a picture to describe the Middle Ages (medieval times)

Share with a partner what you listed and your picture.

Discuss your pictures and your 5 things.

An Age of TransitionYears between 400s

and about 1500Time period known

as the Middle Ages, or the medieval time period(The Dark Ages)

End of the classical age and the beginning of the modern world.

Catholic Church becomes the central institution of Western Europe

Middle Ages society is based on Feudalism

Cause Fall of Rome

1. No Central

Authority2.Constant Invasion3. Smaller Kingdoms4. More Church

authority

Effect Feudalism

A New Social OrderFeudalism- A social

and political system in which nobles are granted the use of land that legally belongs to their king, in exchange for their loyalty, military service, and protection of peasants

People of the Middles AgesSocial Classes

were usually inherited

Determined a person’s prestige and power

Very Limited Social Mobility

Feudalism AssignmentForm work

groups of 3Chapter 13,

section 2, page 294

Worksheet-Due Friday

1-10 plus define the following terms on the back of the sheet: Fief, Vassal, Serfs, Manoralism

Medieval Times Packet Use the packet and

section 2 to take notes(summarize) on the following:

Nobles, Knights, Peasants-lifestyle

Feudal Justice Manorial System

Gather as much information you will be making a poster on feudalism and will need as much information as possible.

Feudal SystemPyramid

Peasants1 picture

Where they live/ Lifestyle/ Food

Marriage/ Family

Recreation

Childhood/

Education

2-Myths/Legends 1picture

Feudal Justice

Nobles/ Royalty

1 picture

Where they live/Lifestyle/Foo

d

Marriage/

Family

Recreation

Childhood/ Education

Knights1

picture

Marriage/ Chivalry

Training/Educatio

n

Armor

Did you

know?

Feudal System Pyramid

World’s Collide Writing AssignmentImagine you

were to meet someone from the Middle Ages and have a conversation with them.

Write a creative story about your encounter

Noble, Knight or Peasant

Include the following terms: fief, vassal or lord, manor, feudalism

Discuss some of the following from both time periods: government, society and lifestyle, social class, entertainment, dress, gender roles, marriage, what life is like, in general.

30 points, Due Monday (minimum of 2 pages-front and back)

Creativity, use of knowledge of the Middle Ages, use of terms

The New Rome (Byzantine Empire)Rome crumbles after invasions by Germanic tribesSplits into East and WestConstantine planned Constantinople to be the new

Rome in the EastConstantine’s nephew, Justinian, took over the

throne. Under Justine, the empire:

◦ Took over both the eastern and western parts.◦ Recovered North Africa.◦ Won over nearly all of Italy and parts of Spain.

Justinian CodeHagia Sophia “Holy Wisdom:” Most splendid church

in the Christian WorldMysterious Plague

The Rise of the Franks-Charlemagne Why was Clovis an

important figure in Western history?

Who were the Moors? Where did they come from?

Who is Charles ‘The Hammer’ Martel? What does he do that is important?

List 3 things that make Charlemagne the most important king of the middle ages.

How does Charlemagne spread Christianity?

Readings

Vikings Where do the Vikings come from? List 3 things that make the Vikings a formidable and

intimidating enemy. What does Alfred the Great do? What becomes of the Vikings? List 2 ways the Viking invasions change Europe. What are the terms of the Peace and Truce of God.

The CrusadesThe Crusades were

a series European led ‘holy wars’ for the holy land

The Crusades happened between 1096-1291

Forever changed European and World History!

Causes-Feared that Constantinople was going to get taken over by the Muslim Turks, (Byzantine Emperor) Sent out a call for help.Pope Urban II issued a call for what is known as a “Holy War”

Social Reasons Religious Reasons

Economic Reasons

Chance to move up ‘God Will’s It’ Opens trade

Gain property-wealth

Heaven and martyrdom if killed

Wealth of plunder

Militarization of Europe due Viking invasions

Control of biblical site

Shipbuilding, Weapons,etc

Travel, adventure, Faith

Church power and authority

Pope’s calling brought out tremendous outpouring of religious feelings and support50,000 to 60,000 knights became CrusadersPeople of all classesOver 100,000 on the 1st Crusade

Why Jerusalem and the Holy Land?

ChristianityJudaism

Islam

ChristianityBirth place of

JesusCrucifixion and

ResurrectionSite of Jesus

teachingLast SupperChurch of the

Holy SepulcherNazareth: Jesus

hometown

JudaismHoliest city in

JudaismLocations of Holy

TemplesThought that this

area was where God gathered the dust he used to create the first man

IslamBelieved that

Muhammad traveled from Mecca to Jerusalem and back in a single night performing prayers

Muhammad assented to heaven

1st Crusades 1096-1099Crusaders from France, Germany, England,

Scotland, Italy, and Spain gathered outside of Constantinople

People of both genders and from all classes came together to over take Jerusalem

Unprepared for the geography, climate, or culture of the Holy Land

By the time they reached Jerusalem they were down to an army of 12,000 people

After about a month of fighting, the Crusaders finally captured Jerusalem-Slaughter everyone

Won over a stretch of land about 400 miles from Edessa in the North and Jerusalem in the South

2nd Crusade 1147-1149After the 1st crusade the

Crusaders were left vulnerable to Muslim counter attack.

Turks unite, attack and capture Northern Holy Land (Edessa)

Fails to regain lose territory, still control most of the Holy Land

3rd Crusades 1189-1192 In 1187, Jerusalem had fallen to Muslim

leader Saladin. Saladin: Most famous Muslim leader in the 1100’s Honest and Brave Goal was to free the earth from anyone

who does not believe in Allah To recapture Jerusalem from Muslims Lead by 3 of the most powerful leaders:

◦ Barbarossa- Drown◦ King Philip II- Fought with Richard◦ King Richard I-Fought with KP

After many ruthless battles between Richard Lionheart and Saladin they made a truce

Jerusalem would remain under Muslim control, but unarmed Christian’s could freely visit the city’s holy places.

4th Crusade 1202-1261In 1198, the

powerful Pope Innocent III, appealed for another crusade to capture Jerusalem

Fighting between the East and West was the reason why the crusaders only made it to Constantinople

Sack the city, led to eventual downfall

Children’s Crusades 1212Thousands of Children

set out for the Holy Land.

Only armed with the belief that God would give them Jerusalem.

Many died from the cold and starvations.

One group turned and went back.

Some drowned and others were captured and sold.

5th-9th CrusadesBecame increasingly common

and unsuccessful.Muslims maintained control of

Jerusalem and the Holy Land.Crusaders spirits dissipated.

Effects of the CrusadesPoliticalEconomicSocialCatholic ChurchOthers

Revival of Towns and Trade

Trade

Crusades creates

demand for new goods

Increases manufacturi

ng

Banking system and investing

Italy and France

become key

marketplace

Towns

Crusades leads to a growth in

towns

Creation of Middle

Class

Merchant and Craft Guilds

Increased rights and freedoms

The Black Death-1340s-1350sRead both handout and answer

the questionsWatch Video

Extra Credit-In a short essay, discuss the Black Death of the Middle Ages.(25 points) 5 paragraphs-1 page handwritten minimum.