Exodus 7:1-6 So the L ORD said to Moses, See I have made you as
God to Pharaoh, and Aaron your brother shall be your prophet. You
shall speak to Pharaoh all that I command you. And your brother
shall speak to Pharaoh that he must send the children of Israel out
of his land Slide 2 Exodus 7:1-6 And I will harden Pharaohs heart,
and multiply My signs and My wonders in the land of Egypt. But
Pharaoh will not heed you, so that I may lay My hand on Egypt and
bring My armies and My people, the children of Israel, out of the
land of Egypt by great judgments Slide 3 Exodus 7:1-6 And the
Egyptians shall know that I am the L ORD, when I stretch out My
hand on Egypt and bring out the children of Israel from among them.
Then Moses and Aaron did so; just as the L 4 ORD commanded them, so
they did. (NKJV). Slide 4 The Hardening of Pharaohs Heart Some say
that God made Pharaoh do all that he did: God made Pharaoh wicked;
that is from wicked seed Martin Luther, Bondage of the Will,
Section 83 Slide 5 Some say that God made Pharaoh do all that he
did: Speaking of Pharaoh and others who rebelled against God,
claimed that God bends them to do his judgments, just as if they
carried their orders engraved on their mindsall the counsels and
actions of men must be held to be governed by his providence, so
that he not only exerts power in the electbut also forces the
reprobate to do him service John Calvin, Institutes of the
Christian Religion, Bk. I, 18.2) The Hardening of Pharaohs Heart
Slide 6 Section One Gods Instructions to Moses Through the Fifth
Plague I will harden The Hardening of Pharaohs Heart Slide 7 What
God Says: I am sure that the king of Egypt will not let you go
(3:19). I will harden his heart so that he will not let the people
go (4:21). FOREKNOWLEDGE Isaiah 46:10; Psalm 139:4 DETERMINED
COUNSEL Acts 2:23 The Hardening of Pharaohs Heart Slide 8 Harden
(Exodus 4:21) Heb. chatzaq ( qzj ) to be or grow firm, strong,
strengthen (Hebrew-English Lexicon of the Old Testament Brown,
Driver, Briggs, p. 304) Can apply to the effect someones word has
upon another: Judges 7:11; I Samuel 23:16; II Samuel 2:7; Nehemiah
2:18 The Hardening of Pharaohs Heart Slide 9 What God Says: I will
harden Pharaohs heart, and multiply My signs and wonders in the
land (7:3). The Hardening of Pharaohs Heart Slide 10 Harden (Exodus
7:3) Heb. qashah ( hvq ) to be hard, severe, fiercestiff, stubborn
(Hebrew-English Lexicon of the Old Testament Brown, Driver, Briggs,
p. 904) Can be used of stubbornness: Deuteronomy 10:16; II
Chronicles 36:13; Proverbs 28:14; Jeremiah 19:15 The Hardening of
Pharaohs Heart Slide 11 Whatever this hardening is it is intended
to cause Egypt to know that the LORD is God not to prevent this
knowledge. What God Says: I will harden Pharaohs heart, and
multiply My signs and wonders in the land (7:3). Pharaoh will not
heed you so that I may lay my hand on Egypt (7:4). And the
Egyptians shall know that I am the L ORD, when I stretch out my
hand on Egypt (7:5). DETERMINED COUNSEL The Hardening of Pharaohs
Heart Slide 12 What God Says: Pharaohs heart is hard (7:14a). He
refuses to let the people go (7:14b). What Happened: Pharaohs heart
grew hard (7:13a). he did not heed them (7:13b). As the L ORD had
said (7:13c). What God Said Would Happen -- Happened The Hardening
of Pharaohs Heart Slide 13 What Happened: The First Plague- Water
to Blood Pharaohs heart grew hard and he did not heed them as the L
ORD had said (7:22). Neither was his heart moved by this (7:23).
This is what the Lord said would happen and what God called
hardening Pharaohs heart The Hardening of Pharaohs Heart Slide 14
What Happened: The Second Plague- Frogs When Pharaoh saw there was
relief, he hardened his heart and did not heed them as the L ORD
had said (8:15). This also is what the Lord said would happen and
what God called hardening Pharaohs heart This shows that God saying
I will harden Pharaohs heart = [Pharaoh] hardened his heart The
Hardening of Pharaohs Heart Slide 15 What Happened: The Third
Plague- Lice Pharaohs heart grew hard, and did not heed them just
as the L ORD had said (8:19). This also is what the Lord said would
happen and what God called hardening Pharaohs heart This shows that
God saying I will harden Pharaohs heart = Pharaohs heart grew hard
The Hardening of Pharaohs Heart Slide 16 What Happened: The Fourth
Plague- Flies Pharaoh hardened his heart at this time also, neither
would he let the people go (8:32). The same thing that happened
here is what happened before which God called hardening Pharaohs
heart This shows again that Pharaoh hardened his heart = God saying
- I will harden Pharaohs heart The Hardening of Pharaohs Heart
Slide 17 What Happened: The Fifth Plague- Diseased Livestock The
heart of Pharaoh became hard, and he did not let the people go
(9:7). This again is what the Lord said would happen and what God
called hardening Pharaohs heart The Hardening of Pharaohs Heart
Slide 18 What Have We Seen So Far? The FOREKNOWLEDGE of God God
knew that Pharaoh would not let them go. The DETERMINED COUNSEL of
God God determined how He would use this situation. God saying I
will harden Pharaohs heart = Pharaoh hardened his heart = Pharaohs
heart grew hard The Hardening of Pharaohs Heart Slide 19 Section
Two The Sixth & Seventh Plagues The L ORD hardened The
Hardening of Pharaohs Heart Slide 20 What Happened: The Sixth
Plague- Boils The L ORD hardened the heart of Pharaoh; and he did
not heed them, just as the L ORD had spoken to Moses (9:12). The
Hardening of Pharaohs Heart Slide 21 Some say to this point God had
not yet hardened Pharaoh: Pharaoh was given five chances to repent
(in connection with the first five plagues) but hardened his own
heart, and only after that did God confirm Pharaohs decision by
hardening Pharaohs heartGod does not harden the heart of anyone but
a confirmed rebel David Stern, Jewish Commentary on the New
Testament, p. 391 The Hardening of Pharaohs Heart Slide 22 However,
the text says I will harden his heart (4:21). I will harden
Pharaohs heart, and multiply My signs and wonders in the land
(7:3). Pharaohs heart grew hardAs the L ORD had said (7:13).
Pharaohs heart is hard (7:14). The hardening which God promised is
already in operation. The Hardening of Pharaohs Heart Slide 23 What
God Says: For this purpose I have raised you up, that I may show My
power in you (9:16). As yet you exalt yourself against My people in
that you will not let them go (9:17). What Happened: The Sixth
Plague- Boils The L ORD hardened the heart of Pharaoh; and he did
not heed them, just as the L ORD had spoken to Moses (9:12). The
Hardening of Pharaohs Heart Slide 24 God says to Pharaoh you exalt
yourself you will not let them go If Gods hardening of Pharaohs
heart prevents Pharaoh from being able to let them go, why would
God attribute to Pharaoh what God Himself is doing? God says
Pharaoh does this himself. The Hardening of Pharaohs Heart Slide 25
What Pharaoh Says: I have sinned this time (9:27a). The L ORD is
righteous (9:27b). and my people and I are wicked (9:27c). What
Happened: The Seventh Plague- Hail He who feared the word of the
LORD among the servants of Pharaoh made his servants and livestock
flee to the houses (9:20). He who did not regard the word of the
LORD left his servants and his livestock in the field (9:21). The
Hardening of Pharaohs Heart Slide 26 What Pharaoh Says: I have
sinned this time (9:27a). The L ORD is righteous (9:27b). and my
people and I are wicked (9:27c). What Moses Says: As for you and
your servants, I know that you will not yet fear the L ORD God
(9:30). Their sin was that they did not fear or regard Gods word
they were hardened by it. The Hardening of Pharaohs Heart Slide 27
The Parable of the Sower The Seed is the word of God (Luke 8:11)
Now he who received seed among the thorns is he who hears the word,
and the cares of this world and the deceitfulness of riches choke
the word, and he becomes unfruitful (Matthew 13:22) The Difference
is the condition of the Heart The Hardening of Pharaohs Heart Slide
28 Is Gods Word Ineffectual? So shall My word be that goes forth
from My mouth; it shall not return to Me void, but it shall
accomplish what I please, and it shall prosper in the thing for
which I sent it (Isaiah 55:11 ) Gods word is intended to soften the
good and honest heart and harden those rebellious to it. The
Hardening of Pharaohs Heart Slide 29 What Happened: And when
Pharaoh saw that the rain the hail and the thunder had ceased, he
sinned yet more; and he hardened his heart, he and his servants
(9:34). The Hardening of Pharaohs Heart Slide 30 Harden (Exodus
9:34) Heb. kabed ( dbk ) to be heavy, weighty, burdensome, honored
(Hebrew-English Lexicon of the Old Testament Brown, Driver, Briggs,
p. 457) Can apply what one does to themselves: I Samuel 6:6 Why
then do you harden your hearts as the Egyptians and Pharaoh
hardened their hearts? The Hardening of Pharaohs Heart Slide 31
What Have We Seen So Far? God says Pharaoh exalts himself. The Holy
Spirit says they did not regard the word of God. Pharaoh says I
have sinned. Moses says they do not yet fear God. Text says Pharaoh
hardened his heart. Exalting self, refusing to fear & regard
Gods word and sinning against God -- is having a hardened heart is
being hardened by God. The Hardening of Pharaohs Heart Slide 32
Section Three The Eighth through the Tenth Plagues I have hardened
The Hardening of Pharaohs Heart Slide 33 What God Says: I have
hardened his heart and the hearts of his servants (10:1a). What
Happened: And when Pharaoh saw that the rain the hail and the
thunder had ceased, he sinned yet more; and he hardened his heart,
he and his servants (9:34). The Hardening of Pharaohs Heart God
considers these the same thing Slide 34 What God Says: that I may
show these signs of Mine before him (10:1b). that you may tell in
the hearing of your sons son the mighty things I have done in Egypt
(10:2a) that you may know that I am the L ORD (10:2b). Why Did God
Allow This? The Hardening of Pharaohs Heart Slide 35 What Happened:
The Eighth Plague- Locusts The L ORD hardened Pharaohs heart, and
he did not let the children of Israel go (10:20). The Ninth Plague-
Darkness The L ORD hardened Pharaohs heart, and he would not let
them go (10:27). What God Says: How long will you refuse to humble
yourself before Me? Let my people go that they may serve me (10:3).
The Hardening of Pharaohs Heart If Gods hardening of Pharaohs heart
prevents Pharaoh from being able to let them go why, again, would
God attribute to Pharaoh what God Himself is doing? Slide 36 What
Happened: The L ORD hardened Pharaohs heart, and he did not let the
children of Israel go out of his land (11:10). The Tenth Plague-
Death of the Firstborn What God Says: I will bring yet one more
plague on Pharaoh and on Egypt (11:1b). Afterward he will let you
go from here (11:1b). The Hardening of Pharaohs Heart FOREKNOWLEDGE
DETERMINED COUNSEL What God Said Would Happen Happened Israel Left
Egypt Slide 37 Section Four The Red Sea Crossing I will harden The
Hardening of Pharaohs Heart Slide 38 Whatever this hardening is it
is intended to cause Egypt to know that the LORD is God not to
prevent this knowledge. What God Says: I will harden Pharaohs
heart, so that he will pursue them (14:4a). that the Egyptians may
know that I am the L ORD (14:4b). I indeed will harden the hearts
of the Egyptians, and they shall follow themthen the Egyptians
shall know that I am the L ORD (14:17-18). Like 7:3-5 That they may
know that I am the L ORD The Hardening of Pharaohs Heart Slide 39
What Have We Seen? God allowed Pharaoh to exalt himself. He did so
to demonstrate His power and show Israel and the Egyptians that He
is God. Pharaoh hardened his heart by failing to regard Gods word.
The effect which Gods word had on Pharaoh is what is called God
hardening his heart. God did not cause Pharaoh to sin, but used
Pharaohs rebellion for His own purposes. The Hardening of Pharaohs
Heart Slide 40 Early Christian Writers Pharaoh and his host and all
the rulers of Egypt, their chariots and their horsemen, were
overwhelmed in the depths of the Rea Sea, and perished for none
other reason but because their foolish hearts were hardened after
that the signs and the wonders had been wrought in the land of
Egypt by the hand of Moses the servant of God Clement of Rome (ca.
96 AD), To the Corinthians, 51 The Hardening of Pharaohs Heart
Slide 41 Early Christian Writers God, knowing the number of those
who will not believe, since He foreknows all things, has given them
over to unbelief, and turned away His face from men of this stamp,
leaving them in the darkness which they have themselves chosen for
themselvesHe did also at that time give over to their unbelief,
Pharaoh, who never would have believed, along with those who were
with him Irenaeus (c. 130-200 AD), Against the Heresies, Bk. 4,
29.2 The Hardening of Pharaohs Heart Slide 42 Early Christian
Writers For if he is hardened by God, and commits sin in
consequence of being hardened, he is not the cause of sin to
himself; and if so, then neither does Pharaoh possess free-will.
And some one will say that, in a similar way, they who perish have
not free-will, and will not perish of themselves. Origen (ca.
185-254 AD), De Principis, Bk. 3, 1.7 The Hardening of Pharaohs
Heart Slide 43 Early Christian Writers And as if the sun, uttering
a voice, were to say, I liquefy and dry up, liquefaction and drying
up being opposite things, he would not speak falsely as regards the
point in question; wax being melted and mud being dried by the same
heat The Hardening of Pharaohs Heart Slide 44 Early Christian
Writers so the same operation, which was performed through the
instrumentality of Moses, proved the hardness of Pharaoh the result
of his wickedness Origen (ca. 185-254 AD), De Principis, Bk. 3,
1.11 The Hardening of Pharaohs Heart Slide 45 James 1:13-14 Let no
one say when he is tempted, I am tempted by God; for God cannot be
tempted by evil, nor does He Himself tempt anyone. But each one is
tempted when he is drawn away by his own desires and enticed Slide
46 Habakkuk 1:13a You are of purer eyes than to behold evil, and
cannot look on wickedness The God whose pure eyes do not behold
evil and who tempts no man did not, does not and will not harden
anyone directly so as to cause them to sin! Slide 47 Exodus 9:27 I
have sinned the L ORD is righteous
