Expository Idea MapandMain Idea Map

Discussed by: Earl Rinand G. Margallo

Expository Idea Map• Expository idea maps are a series of rectangle arranged to illustrate the structure of the text and the relationship between ideas.

• Student see different pattern in each expository text.

Based on the organizational pattern present in expository test.• Description• Sequence• Cause-effect• Problem-Solution• Compare-Contrast

Expository Idea Map for DescriptionDescription Minerals

Over 2000 different kinds, and all share five characteristics.

Formed in nature , not a lab, and come from the earths crust.

inorganic; not made of living thing or produced by living things.

are solids

definite chemical composition ; always contain same elements in same proportion

has particular crystalline structure; atoms from geometric ; shape or crystal.

Expository Idea for SequenceSequence

Glacial erosion

Glacier moves, melted water seeps into rock, cracks and freezes

Ice wedging causes rock to break apart

Rock part stick to glacier and move with it

Rock parts act like sandpaper and scrapes bedrock and soil

Erosion causes many land forms

Expository Idea Map for Problem Solution

Problem: In early 1800s, Americans in Texas had no loyalty

to Mexico

Mexico owned Texas

Mexico gave land to Americans to develop land and control Indian

control

Mexico insisted Americans worship as Catholics; most were protestants

Mexico banned slavery; most Americans were slave owners

Mexico sent army to enforce law

Solution: They won independence from

Mexico

Stephen Austin and Sam Houston

were leaders

Declared indepence in 1836

and set up Republic of Texas

200 Texans defended the Alamo; were

defeated after 12 days

"Remember the Alamo" became

rallying cry

Defeated Santa Ana at battle of

San Jacinto

Expository Idea Map for Compare-Contrast

Compare-Contrast:Cenozoic Era

66 million years ago

Called age of mammals

Mammal evolved into plant and animal eaters

Ancestor of all modern mammals evolved

Land was shaped by glaciers

Cool dry climate with ice age at end

First humans evolved

Compare-Contrast: Mesozoic Era

250 million years ago

Called age of dinosaurs

First mammals evolved

Birds and flowering plants evolved

Single land mass broke and shaped in to continents

Major changes in environment and

climate

Similar

• Cause and effect are for older students since expository text with this kind of pattern is very confusing.

• Expository structures are more complex; concept dense and the writer expect readers to identify what structure it is.

• Using the appropriate idea map depends upon the level of the student and the materials you are using. • Younger reader and low level text-

description can use description ,sequence and compare and contrast.• Older reader struggling with middle

school and high school materials can use problem-solution and cause and effect.

• The number of rectangles and arrows depend on the complexity of the text and important ideas, student should have the freedom to add and delete.• Use maps for retelling and summarizing guides.• use idea maps for pre-writing expository text.

Retelling and Note-taking

• This is equated with note taking.•When we retell, we include important elements of the text. An effective note-taker is the same, jotting down important key terms she or he wants to remember.

Main Idea Map

• Struggling reader have difficulties in finding the main idea.• Main ideas are not always explicitly

laid in the text. Some authors expect the readers to generate one.• Students are used to the belief that

main ideas are found in the first paragraph. But this is not true all the time.

• true all the time.• Struggling reader must be aware that focusing on the topic can aid in finding the main idea• Graphic organizer which help reader locate the main idea.• Provide vehicle for understanding and discussing expository content,.

• Student will construct a main idea map differently from other students, which is troublesome since most reader think that there is only one main idea. But locating the main idea is not really important. What is important is the student learns to highlight important details and key ideas that explains them.

• For lower levels-use single paragraph

• For higher level- few paragraphs.

Topic:Black Codes

Detail:Law passed by South limiting rights of freed

slaves

Detail:Couldn't vote, own guns or serve juries.

Details:Could only work contract for on year or be

arrested.Detail:

Had some rights: could marry and own property

Main Idea Statement:Black codes kept freed slaves from getting economic and

political power

Application to English Language Learners

• Expository text represents a challenge for all students.• Expository is more difficult than narrative

and it is much less frequent in elementary schools.• Moss (2006) recommends teaching

expository text structure because it helps them to ‘predict and confirm meaning in a passage.

• Lessons using such non-linguistic representation are especially appropriate for students who have difficulty demonstrating their understanding through writing or traditional test-taking formats (Hill and Fynn, 2006; Hedrick, Harmon and Wood , 2003)

• Use of graphic organizer can make expository content more accessible “because the process in preparing arrays of symbolic information helps them build a framework for learning key ideas and vocabulary” (Hernandez 2003)

• Cappelini (2005) comments that learners lose track of big information in their efforts on absorbing the information from the text.

Application to Adolescent Learners

Response to Intervention

NOW SHOWING!!!