Embed Size (px)
DESCRIPTION
Citation preview
Clare Hargreaves-Norris
Muscles of the Face, Neck and Shoulders
NVQ Level 2 Beauty Therapy
Clare Hargreaves-Norris
Why do we have muscles?
Muscles are responsible for movement of or within the body. Within the face they produce facial expressions. They are also responsible for maintaining posture and producing heat to maintain the body temperature. The majority of the muscles in the body are attached to bones by tendons, however the muscles of the face tend to insert into each other.
Clare Hargreaves-Norris
Characteristics of Muscles
Muscles are made up of tiny elastic fibres that have the ability to: shorten or contract spring back to its original form after
contraction - like elastic stretch when relaxed respond to stimuli provided by nerve
impulses
Clare Hargreaves-Norris
The face, neck and shoulder muscles
Corrugator
Temporalis
Orbicularis oculi
Trapezius
Levator labii superiorisZygomaticus
Sterno-cleido mastoid
Deltoid
Pectoralis
TriangularisPlatysma
Mentalis
Orbicularis oris
Risorius
Buccinator
Masseter
Task Label the diagram of the muscles of the head, face, neck, shoulders and chest.
Frontalis
Clare Hargreaves-Norris
Muscles of the Forehead
Muscle Position Action
Frontalis x1 Forehead. Lifts the eyebrows which cause horizontal creases
to appear.
Corrugator x1 In between the inner
Eyebrows, over the nasal bone.
Draws the eyebrows
together, as in frowning.
Clare Hargreaves-Norris
Muscles of the Eyes
Muscle Position Action
Orbicularis oculi x2 Round muscle thatsurrounds the eye.
Closes the eyes and
can cause wrinkles at
the corner of theeye.
Clare Hargreaves-Norris
Muscles of the Sides of the Face
Muscle Position Action
Temporalis x2 Extends over theears, down to thecorner of the jaw.
Raises the jaw when
we chew – this isknown as
mastication.
Masseter x2 Extends downwards
and backwards from
the jaw, in the lower
cheek area.
Lifts the jaw andexerts pressure onthe teeth -mastication. This isthe muscle thatcauses jowls in
laterlife.
Clare Hargreaves-Norris
Muscles of the Cheeks and Mouth
Muscle Position Action
Zygomaticus x2 Extends upwards, diagonally from the corners of the mouth.
Pulls the corners of the mouth upwards and out as in smiling.
Levator labii superioris x2
Runs upwards from the upper lip.
Lifts the upper lip and assists in opening the mouth.
Risorius x2 Runs horizontally in the cheeks from the corner of the mouth.
Pulls the corners of the mouth sideways as in grinning.
Clare Hargreaves-Norris
Muscles of the Cheeks and Mouth
Muscle Position Action
Orbicularis oris x1 Round muscle that surrounds the mouth and forms the lips.
Purses the lips and closes the mouth as in kissing or whistling.
Buccinator x2 Deep muscle that forms the main part of the cheeks.
Maintains tension in the cheeks and used when blowing.
Depressor anguli oris (triangularis) x2
Runs downwards from the lower lip.
Draws the corner of the mouth downwards producing a sad expression.
Clare Hargreaves-Norris
Muscle of the Chin
Muscle Position Action
Mentalis x1 Lies over the chin. Lifts the skin of the chin and turns the lower lip outwards. Expression of doubt.
Clare Hargreaves-Norris
Muscles of the Neck
Muscle Position Action
Platysma x1 Starts at the chest and covers the neck up to the mandible.
Pulls the jaw and lower lip down. Causes the neck to wrinkle. Expression of horror.
Sterno-cleido mastoid x2
Runs down on an angle from each side of the neck to the collar bone.
Flexes the neck, rotates the head from side to side and bows the head forward.
Clare Hargreaves-Norris
Muscles of the Shoulders & Chest
Muscle Position Action
Trapezius x1 A large kite shaped muscle that covers the back and sides of the neck, shoulders and upper back.
Elevates and depresses the shoulders. Also draws the head backwards.
Pectoralis (major and minor) x2
Covers the chest. Draws the arm in towards the chest.
Deltoid x2 Caps the shoulder joint.
Lifts, extends and rotates the arm.
