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1www.ttkuk.com
FG-OD Technical Overview & System Applications TTK Oil & Gas Division Updated on Jan 2016
TTK Company Founded in France in 1989 – 25 years experience in liquid leak detection TTK core business: Digital Liquid Leak Detection Systems for Commercial and Industrial applications -
development, manufacturing and direct installation TTK technology is based on unique patented digital communication bus TTK has subsidiaries or exclusive distributors on all continents All TTK products are made in France and are compliant to relevant standards - UL, TUV/GS, CE, IECEx.
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Sensing element is a coaxially extruded silicone jacket element containing Carbon Black. Swells quickly by absorbing liquid hydrocarbons (crude oil or petroleum products).
Outer layer is watertight electrical insulator, permeable for liquid HC.
Inner layer is electrically conductive in normal status.
Sense Cable FG-OD – Structure and Detection Principle -1
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In case of physical contact with liquid hydrocarbons Electrical resistance of the inner layer of sensing element increases quickly
Sense Cable FG-OD – Structure and Detection Principle -2
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Contact with liquid HC
sensitive elastomer jacket swelled sensitive elastomer jacket
R1R2 >R1
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Electronic module embedded in each FG-OD cable
Independent digital transmission of unique address to the Alarm Panel
Accurate leak location (on section length), true multi-leak system
IECEx / ATEX certified : Ex ia IIB T4 Ga (“Zone 0”)
Reliable detection : insensitive to water, contaminants, dirt, external loads
Reusable after leak detection
Possibility to perform leak detection tests under real conditions
Quick detection times. Typical values at ambient temp. : Gasoline, Naphtha: 2-6 minutes (*) Jet Fuels: 10-20 minutes (*) Diesel Oil : 20-30 minutes (*) Crude Oils : 0.4 - 5 hours (*) Heavy Fuel Oils : 1 – 24 hours (*)
(*) depending on contaminated length, liquid comp., cable section length
FG-OD Sense Cable – Features 1
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Some petrochemical products - Typical detection times at ambient temp.:
Benzene, Toluene : 2-5 minutes (*)
Cumene, Styrene : 5-12 minutes (*)
MTBE : 2-5 minutes (*)
Propylene Oxyde : 2-5 minutes (*)
Dichloroethane : 7-15 minutes (*)
Tricloroethylene : 4-8 minutes (*)
Chlorobenzene : 4-10 minutes (*)
Allylchloride : 2-5 minutes (*)
Vinyl Acetate Monomer : 4-10 minutes (*)
Tetraethyl orthosilicate : 10-20 minutes (*)
Cyclohexanone : 30-50 minutes (*)
Phenol : 40-80 minutes @ T=55°C (*)
(*) depending on contaminated length, liquid comp., section length
FG-OD Sense Cable – Features 2
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Maintenance free No calibration required Circuit spot test advised once per year Cable cleaning required only in case of heavy contaminants
Standard sensor lengths 3m 7m 12m Long line sense cable: standard or custom sections of up to 20m
Accurate information provided to operator via standalone system (FG-NET-LL): Audible alarm, interactive mapping, email notification, remote monitoring
Able to monitor simultaneously, on a single digital unit: Liquid hydrocarbons sense cables, and/or
Water or acid/alkaline liquids sense cables
FG-OD Sense Cable – Features 3
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Standard Sections (3m, 7m, 12m) for Modular System Plug-Socket Connectors
Long line Systems Encapsulated Direct Connections (connectors only at
ends)
FG-OD Connections
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All connections are water-tight, IP68 rated
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Installation on Underground Pipelines Installation on Pipe-in-Pipe Systems Installation on Storage Tanks Refurbishment of existing installations Installation on Above Ground Facilities Distribution networks Processing facilities Diesel generators
FG-OD System Applications
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EASY TO INSTALL: Positioning : close to pipeline bottom crown In PVC slotted pipes (40 mm dia.)
to allow sensor extraction / insertion if required Filtering fabric sleeve around the slotted pipe Accessible via draw pits Pulling tape + pulling connectors used for sense cable insertion
FG-OD Installation on New Underground Pipelines
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Optional : thick polyethylene sheet underneath, to collect fuel and decrease detection time
PVC slotted pipe carrying sense cable running parallel to the pipes
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Project Application : 52 km Pipeline – System Overall Architecture
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Distance between draw pits: 360m (= sense cable string length) Satellite unit (FG-BBOX-LL) circuit length: 5x 360 = 1800m Two circuits per satellite unit: 3600m between units
Project Application : 52 km Pipeline – System Installation
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Installation of Sense Cable Monitoring System Along the Pipeline
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Leak appears close to Section 2Leak spreads along the pipe
First leak is detected and displayed
Second leak is detected and displayed
Third leak is detected and displayed
Leak spreads farther along the pipe
Crude Oil Leak Simulation
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TTK proposed solution for monitoring of existing pipelines
Pipeline Retrofitting
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Grade
Organic soil
Mineral soil(sand / gravel / clay…)
FG-OD sense cable inside slotted PVC pipe
Existing pipeline
~ 60 cm
60 cm min.
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Pre-fabricated Pipe-in-Pipe Systems
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Example 1
Example 2
Orifice for FG-OD sense cable insertion
Pulling cable
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FG-OD Installation on Storage Tanks- 1
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不按比例尺绘图
TTK - Type: FG-ODCE 0081 II 1GEx ia IIB T4 GaLCIE 13 ATEX 3082 XIECEx LCIE 13.0072X
ATEX / IECEx Marking:
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FG-OD Installation on Storage Tanks- 2
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Proposed mesh size / sensing length = 7m
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Outer monitoring Underground or Aerial Installation Green-field or Brown-field applications
FG-OD Installation on Storage Tanks - 3
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TANK WALL
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Floating roof monitoring Point Sensors or Sensing Cables To prevent Overfill / Seal Failure / Tilting
Point Sensor: FG-ODP Fast response Reusable Addressable Sensing Height : 118 mm Can be combined with FG-OD sense cables Monitoring od drain pits, low points, …
Monitoring of Tank Floating Roofs and Drain Pits
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Storage Tank Refurbishment – Option 1
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TTK proposed solution for sense cable Installation inside original storage tank volume
Storage tank wall
Secondary barrier (original tank bottom)
Primary barrier (refurbishment add-on)
Sand
Flexible membrane liner
FG-OD sense cable inside slotted PVC pipe
Slope
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Storage Tank Refurbishment – Option 2
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FoamGlas LSL (Laminated Strand Board)
}
Storage tank wall
Secondary barrier (original tank bottom)
Primary barrier (refurbishment add-on)
Load bearing panel(FoamGlas, HD PUF, LSL, …)
Flexible membrane liner
FG-OD sense cable inside slotted PVC pipe
Slope
} Reduced Height
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In this technique of horizontal drilling, the rig is placed in a pit
Very precise technique
Possibility of directional drilling (change of direction)
Also applicable to existing pipelines
Storage Tank Refurbishment – Option 3: MICROTUNNELING
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Deviations from target less than +/- 20mm over 70m
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Usual technique employed worldwide for Utilities deployment
(roads / river crossings, …) Electrical & telecoms cables,
Drinking water (small diameter) lines
Sewer and drainage pipes, …
Micro Horizontal Directional Drilling (Micro HDD)
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Aerial Installation : Example on Diesel Generator Systems
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FG-OD Sense Cable
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Comparison with Other Liquid Sense Cable Technologies
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TTK Sense Cable#1 Sense Cable#2
Detection principle Liquid absorption + Resistance incr.
Liquid absorption + short circuit
Impedance change
Digital sense cable YES NO NO
Cable diameter / with connector (mm) 9 / 12.6 7 / 13 8 / ?
Operating temp. Range (°C) -30 /+80
-20 /+60
? / +120
Response times - gasoline (min) - diesel oil
3-515-20
12120
4-17?
Accuracy (m) Section length(3-20m)
Nominally +/- 1 +/- 2 to 15
Sensitivity High High Low to very low
Reliability Excellent Good if no pollution / loads
Depending on H2O presence
Pull strenght (kgf) 42 < 23 ?
Max Length / Circuit (m) 200x20m = 4000 1500 2300
Correct localisation of multiple leaks YES NO ?
Possible re-use YES NO NO
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Internal Leak Detection System Characteristics
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Source:IPC2014-33619
REAL LIFE FEED-BACK:
“Between 2002 and July 2012, remote sensors
detected only 5 percent of the nation's pipeline
spills.”
-- according to data (relating to 1,763 oil pipeline spills) from
the Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration
(PHMSA)
!
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Drawbacks : Must “catch” the leak event at the very beginning
A small leak progressively increasing (e.g. due to corrosion) will very likely not
be detected
Poor leak location - depending on positioning with respect to
pressure sensors In most cases, the precision is over 1km
False alarms
Reliability for multiphase products ?
Focus on Internal Leak Detection Technologies:NEGATIVE PRESSURE / RAREFACTION WAVE (ACOUSTIC)
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!
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Drawbacks :
Subject to false alarms – e.g. vibrations induced by engines, animals, …
Small leaks not detected
Calibration required Maintenance costs
Sensitivity is function of the distance (progressively decreasing)
In maintenance mode or power off or yet temporarily broken (for any reasons),
the system will fail to detect leaks after system integrity is restored
Spread-out of leaks cannot be detected
Focus on External Leak Eetection Technologies:OPTIC FIBRES : Optical Time Domain Reflectometry (ODTR)
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Compared to other technologies, TTK sense cable stands out as a true « ZERO TOLERANCE » technology.
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Certifications
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IECEx Certificate of Conformity
LNE
TUVIECEx Quality Assurance Notification
ATEX Production Quality Assurance
UL Certificate of Conformity
CE Approval
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FG-OD References
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Country Project Monitored Area Type
France
TOTAL Fuel Oil Underground Pipe-in-pipe
ADP - Orly Airport Jet Fuel Distribution System
Equinix Diesel Generator Room in Data Center
UAE
Dubai International Airport Undergound Fuel tank
Injazat Data Center Data Center (Fuel Pump Room, Fuel Tank)
Tecom Fuel Tank & Generator
World Trade Centre Abu Dhabi Fuel Tank & Generator Rooms
ADIC Headquarter Fuel Tank & Generator
AI Rostamani Fuel Tank
Saudi
ARAMCO - Kapsarc Outdoor Pipe + Fuel Tank/Generator
Princess Noor University Fuel Tank
King Saud University Fuel Tank
Mobily Telecom Generators/Fuel Tank/Fuel Pipe Trench
SingaporeSingapore Water Agency Diesel Distribution System Underground pipe-in-pipe
AMGEN Diesel Distribution System
Hong Kong Jockey Club Genset Room
Taiwan Military Project Oil Tank Storage Room
South Korea
GWACHON Diesel tank
GIMHAE Diesel tank
SONGDO Diesel tank
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FG-EC / FG-AC (Water / Acid Cables) References
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Raul RISI Oil & Gas Division Manager TTK S.A.S. Phone: +33 6 09 524 070 Email: [email protected]
Christophe GALMICHE Regional Manager TTK ME Phone: +971 04 3682735 Email: [email protected]
Contact us at
www.ttkuk.com