Filament Bulbs: endangered species?

Νikoleta MavredakiTriantafillia PsaroudakiAlkisti KapnisakiMarina ChoustoulakiAnna-Maria Papasifaki

“Green” lightTeam N.T.A.M.A

4th High School of Chania

Overview

Literature search of incandescent light bulbs

Experiments comparing four different types of light bulbs

Questionnaire Poster

From natural to artificial

From natural to artificial

Lascaux oil lamp replica made of red sandstonehttp://cart.occpaleo.com/lascauxoillampreplica.aspx

From natural to artificial

Diogenes of Sinope 323 B.C.First filament bulb by Thomas Edison

Inventors of filament bulbs

Thomas EdisonAmerican Inventor

Josef Swan British Physicist and Chemist

Heinrich GӧbelGerman mechanic and inventor

inventor of the first true electrical light bulb in 1850 but he did not applied for a patent

Inventors of filament bulbs

Filament bulbs

http://www.nomenclaturo.com/electric-electricity

Tungsten filament wire

Heated to a high temperature

Bulb glows

Halogen bulbs

• The tungsten filament lasts longer.• Their lifespan is reduced when we touch them with bare

hands.

http://visual.merriam-webster.com/house/electricity/lighting/tungsten-halogen-lamp.php

• International environmental treaty• Target : phase out completely the use of incandescent filament bulbs

Kyoto protocol

Kyoto Protocol participation map

Developed countries that have renounced the protocol

Developing countries Developed countries that agreed to meet binding targets Developed countries that have not ratified the protocol

Experimental procedure

We measured:• Electrical current• Temperature • Spectrum 700 Lumen

Filament

L.E.DC.F.L

Halogen

Experimental setup

Temperature measurement:Loss of heat

Temperature (oC)

Type of Bulb

Spectral radiance

  Type of Bulb (700 Lumen)

Filament Halogen CFL LED

Light bulb expected lifespan (h) 1,000 2,000 10,000 25,000

Bulbs needed for 50,000 hours of use (N) 50 25 5 2

Cost per bulb(€) 0.7 2.8 4.3 10

Cost of bulbs needed (€ ) BC = Cost per bulb x Ν

35 70 21.5 20

Measured current used by the bulb (mA) 255.4 206.5 59.5 40.7

Calculated power (Watt) P (Watt) = V (Volt) x I (Amp), V = 230 Volts

59 47 14 9

KWh of electricity used over 50,000 hoursΕ (KWh)=P x time /1000

2937 2375 684 468

Electricity Cost (€) (assuming 0.10 € per KWh) EC=Ε*0,1

294 238 68 47

Total Cost (€ ) = BC + EC 329 308 89.5 67

Comparative calculations

Conclusion

Questionnaire

• Attitude• Preferences• Awareness• Knowledge

Sample population

Respondent demographic profile

Increasing public awareness

• In schools

• In companies

POSTER

http://www.chreact.gr/ http://ec.europa.eu/energy/lumen/doc/retailers-el.pdf http://artemis.cslab.ntua.gr/el_thesis/artemis.ntua.ece/DT2010-0297/DT2010-0297.pdf http://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9B%CE%B1%CE%BC%CF%80%CF%84%CE%AE%CF%81%CE%B

1%CF%82_%CF%80%CF%85%CF%81%CE%AC%CE%BA%CF%84%CF%89%CF%83%CE%B7%CF%82

http://www.rae.gr/old/downloads/sub2/1792(28-9-99)_YA13897.pdf http://ebooks.edu.gr/modules/ebook/show.php/DSGL-C107/483/3168,12808/ http://epapanis.blogspot.gr/2007/09/blog-post_1084.html http://mail.cochrane.es/files/Recursos/How_to_design_a_questionnaire.pdf http://eartheasy.com/live_led_bulbs_comparison.html http://www.ehow.com/how_5970824_make-survey-questionnaire.html#ixzz2yZt0IGNi http://www.google.gr/url?

sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=1&ved=0CCwQFjAA&url=http%3A%2F%2Feis.pspa.uoa.gr%2Fdocuments%2Fcourse_108%2F7.ppt&ei=pM8cU8XBOcWyywOu9oKwAw&usg=AFQjCNEV3maR71OoV5wiRs2YLitM4EjTBA&bvm=bv.62578216,d.bGQ

References

Thank You !