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FILM, FOTOGRAFIJA, VIRTUELNAUMETNOST

Doc. dr Violeta Zubanov

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Sinkretizam u umetnosti

Sinkretizam podrazumeva spajanje,objedinjavanje razliitih anrova u jednoumetniko ostvarenje.

Sinkretike umetnosti objedinjuju vierazliitih simbola izraavanja kao to su:

Slika,

Zvuk,

Gluma,

Re

...

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Novi naini komuniciranja

XV vek oznaava poetak novog, liberalnijeg,komercijalnog, masovnog komuniciranja emu je

doprinela pojava Gutenbergove tamparske prese.

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Druga polovina XIX veka je vremedefinitivnog primata novih formikomunikacije; dolazi do afirmacijegraanske demokratije, novina postaje

roba (profit, sadraj, cena dostupnostsvima), tehniko-tehnoloka dostignua susve brojnija, obrazovanje postajeobavezno, dolazi do pojave filma krajemXIX veka, radija, televizije, interneta u XXveku.

Masovno komuniciranje je jedan odnajznaajnijih, globalnih drutvenihfenomena XX veka (Radojkovi, 2005).

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Fotografija

Fotografija (gr.photos+grafein) predstavlja samostalnuumetnost karakteristinu za savremeno drutvo, takoe

oznaava i tehniku delatnost i umetniku disciplinu.Postala je deo svakodnevnog ivota obinog oveka, ali ijavnosti.

Poreklo vodi od optike sprave o kojoj je pisao jo

Aristotel cameraobscura, koja su od perioda renesansekoristili slikari i arhitekte kao pomo pri crtanju usledpotrebe za verodostojnou.

Zasnovana na fenomenu svetlosti, fotografija se dobijadelovanjem svetlosti na povrinu koja je na svetlostosetljiva.

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Istorija fotografije

kljune karakteristike fotografije su verodostojnost,

autentinost i motiv, a vremenom se razvijala od crnobele preko fotografije u boji, pa do digitalne fotografije...

1930. godine -prva kameramalog formata, Lajka.

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Vrste fotografije

1. Evokativna fotografija najrasprostranjenija, belee

se svakodnevne situacije, likovi, prostori;u direktnojvezi sa turizmom;

2. Informativna motiv kao glavni izvor informacije,namera je da podui, informie, obznani (novinska,

reklamna, modna, za razglednice, za obrazovnu inaunu primenu;

3. Kreativna (umetnika fotografija) - umetnik dajesvoje subjektivno vienje ljudi, dogaaja, prostora

mrtva priroda, pejsai, aktovi..

4. Socijalna fotografija nastaje u Nemakoj i motiv su

prizori iz ivota obinog oveka; kasnije fotografijaulazi u galerije, muzeje, prouava se i na

univerzitetima.

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Turistika prezentacija fotografije

Za turizam su znaajne sve vrste fotografijejer omoguavaju komunikaciju izmeu turistei turistikog mesta (Tomka, 2005).

Turisti su najbrojniji korisnici savremenih

fotografskih ureaja, belee uspomene, lica,mesta - evokativna fotografija);

Razglednice, vodii, plakate, prospekti...-informativna fotografija;

Fotografija kao umetniko delo i moguidodatni motiv turistikog putovanja

izlobe, muzeji, galerije...

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Film

Film predstavlja spoj vie razliitih umetnosti koji imaspecifian jezik, estetiku i stil, a sutina je u ritmikiusklaenim pokretnim slikama koje stvaraju iluziju

realnosti. Kao medij masovnog komuniciranja, film postaje mogupronalaskom kinematografa, krajem XIX veka, a prvu javnufilmsku predstavu su organizovala braa Limijer u Grand

kafeu u Parizu, 1895. godine.

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Istorija filma

Od 1914. godine se stvaraju se prve kinematografije (SAD,Rusija, Nemaka); period nemog filma, najznaajniji stvaralac. aplin (Potera za zlatom,Psei ivot, Svetlosti

velegrada...); 1930.uvodi se zvuk u filmske studije i nastajunovi anrovi (kriminalni film, komedija, socijalni realizam Don Ford, Orson Vels, Fric Lang); sledi period filmskerenesanse (Alfred Hikok, Volt Dizni); posle II svetskog ratanagli razvoj i stvaranje nacionalnih kinematografija (Roselini,

de Sika, Bergman, Hjuston, Kurosava...);

http://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.transgiving.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/07/TransGivingslatelogo.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.transgiving.com/&usg=__oa6L9vL8ypTZhv-WlYl7kKffr0M=&h=400&w=400&sz=44&hl=sr&start=84&zoom=1&itbs=1&tbnid=3kACNzQkDHjlKM:&tbnh=124&tbnw=124&prev=/images%253Fq%253Dfilm%2526start%253D80%2526hl%253Dsr%2526sa%253DN%2526gbv%253D2%2526ndsp%253D20%2526tbs%253Disch:1,itp:cliparthttp://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.transgiving.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/07/TransGivingslatelogo.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.transgiving.com/&usg=__oa6L9vL8ypTZhv-WlYl7kKffr0M=&h=400&w=400&sz=44&hl=sr&start=84&zoom=1&itbs=1&tbnid=3kACNzQkDHjlKM:&tbnh=124&tbnw=124&prev=/images%253Fq%253Dfilm%2526start%253D80%2526hl%253Dsr%2526sa%253DN%2526gbv%253D2%2526ndsp%253D20%2526tbs%253Disch:1,itp:clipart

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Dokumentarni film

Dokumentarni film je oblik filmske umetnosti u kom seprikazuju stvarni ljudi i dogaaji u njihovom svakodnevnomprirodnom i socijalnom okruenju.

Razlikujemo:

putopisne,

namenske filmove (obrazovni, nauno-popularni,

nastavni, reklamni, propagandni, porodini..); Razvojem televizije i dokumentarnog televizijskogprograma,dokumentarni film gubi na znaaju.(dokumentarne filmove pogledati na http://

www.dokumentarci.com);

http://www.dokumentarci.com/http://www.dokumentarci.com/http://www.dokumentarci.com/http://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.transgiving.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/07/TransGivingslatelogo.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.transgiving.com/&usg=__oa6L9vL8ypTZhv-WlYl7kKffr0M=&h=400&w=400&sz=44&hl=sr&start=84&zoom=1&itbs=1&tbnid=3kACNzQkDHjlKM:&tbnh=124&tbnw=124&prev=/images%253Fq%253Dfilm%2526start%253D80%2526hl%253Dsr%2526sa%253DN%2526gbv%253D2%2526ndsp%253D20%2526tbs%253Disch:1,itp:cliparthttp://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.transgiving.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/07/TransGivingslatelogo.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.transgiving.com/&usg=__oa6L9vL8ypTZhv-WlYl7kKffr0M=&h=400&w=400&sz=44&hl=sr&start=84&zoom=1&itbs=1&tbnid=3kACNzQkDHjlKM:&tbnh=124&tbnw=124&prev=/images%253Fq%253Dfilm%2526start%253D80%2526hl%253Dsr%2526sa%253DN%2526gbv%253D2%2526ndsp%253D20%2526tbs%253Disch:1,itp:cliparthttp://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.transgiving.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/07/TransGivingslatelogo.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.transgiving.com/&usg=__oa6L9vL8ypTZhv-WlYl7kKffr0M=&h=400&w=400&sz=44&hl=sr&start=84&zoom=1&itbs=1&tbnid=3kACNzQkDHjlKM:&tbnh=124&tbnw=124&prev=/images%253Fq%253Dfilm%2526start%253D80%2526hl%253Dsr%2526sa%253DN%2526gbv%253D2%2526ndsp%253D20%2526tbs%253Disch:1,itp:cliparthttp://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.transgiving.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/07/TransGivingslatelogo.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.transgiving.com/&usg=__oa6L9vL8ypTZhv-WlYl7kKffr0M=&h=400&w=400&sz=44&hl=sr&start=84&zoom=1&itbs=1&tbnid=3kACNzQkDHjlKM:&tbnh=124&tbnw=124&prev=/images%253Fq%253Dfilm%2526start%253D80%2526hl%253Dsr%2526sa%253DN%2526gbv%253D2%2526ndsp%253D20%2526tbs%253Disch:1,itp:cliparthttp://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.transgiving.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/07/TransGivingslatelogo.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.transgiving.com/&usg=__oa6L9vL8ypTZhv-WlYl7kKffr0M=&h=400&w=400&sz=44&hl=sr&start=84&zoom=1&itbs=1&tbnid=3kACNzQkDHjlKM:&tbnh=124&tbnw=124&prev=/images%253Fq%253Dfilm%2526start%253D80%2526hl%253Dsr%2526sa%253DN%2526gbv%253D2%2526ndsp%253D20%2526tbs%253Disch:1,itp:cliparthttp://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.transgiving.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/07/TransGivingslatelogo.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.transgiving.com/&usg=__oa6L9vL8ypTZhv-WlYl7kKffr0M=&h=400&w=400&sz=44&hl=sr&start=84&zoom=1&itbs=1&tbnid=3kACNzQkDHjlKM:&tbnh=124&tbnw=124&prev=/images%253Fq%253Dfilm%2526start%253D80%2526hl%253Dsr%2526sa%253DN%2526gbv%253D2%2526ndsp%253D20%2526tbs%253Disch:1,itp:cliparthttp://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.transgiving.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/07/TransGivingslatelogo.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.transgiving.com/&usg=__oa6L9vL8ypTZhv-WlYl7kKffr0M=&h=400&w=400&sz=44&hl=sr&start=84&zoom=1&itbs=1&tbnid=3kACNzQkDHjlKM:&tbnh=124&tbnw=124&prev=/images%253Fq%253Dfilm%2526start%253D80%2526hl%253Dsr%2526sa%253DN%2526gbv%253D2%2526ndsp%253D20%2526tbs%253Disch:1,itp:cliparthttp://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.transgiving.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/07/TransGivingslatelogo.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.transgiving.com/&usg=__oa6L9vL8ypTZhv-WlYl7kKffr0M=&h=400&w=400&sz=44&hl=sr&start=84&zoom=1&itbs=1&tbnid=3kACNzQkDHjlKM:&tbnh=124&tbnw=124&prev=/images%253Fq%253Dfilm%2526start%253D80%2526hl%253Dsr%2526sa%253DN%2526gbv%253D2%2526ndsp%253D20%2526tbs%253Disch:1,itp:cliparthttp://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.transgiving.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/07/TransGivingslatelogo.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.transgiving.com/&usg=__oa6L9vL8ypTZhv-WlYl7kKffr0M=&h=400&w=400&sz=44&hl=sr&start=84&zoom=1&itbs=1&tbnid=3kACNzQkDHjlKM:&tbnh=124&tbnw=124&prev=/images%253Fq%253Dfilm%2526start%253D80%2526hl%253Dsr%2526sa%253DN%2526gbv%253D2%2526ndsp%253D20%2526tbs%253Disch:1,itp:cliparthttp://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.transgiving.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/07/TransGivingslatelogo.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.transgiving.com/&usg=__oa6L9vL8ypTZhv-WlYl7kKffr0M=&h=400&w=400&sz=44&hl=sr&start=84&zoom=1&itbs=1&tbnid=3kACNzQkDHjlKM:&tbnh=124&tbnw=124&prev=/images%253Fq%253Dfilm%2526start%253D80%2526hl%253Dsr%2526sa%253DN%2526gbv%253D2%2526ndsp%253D20%2526tbs%253Disch:1,itp:cliparthttp://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.transgiving.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/07/TransGivingslatelogo.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.transgiving.com/&usg=__oa6L9vL8ypTZhv-WlYl7kKffr0M=&h=400&w=400&sz=44&hl=sr&start=84&zoom=1&itbs=1&tbnid=3kACNzQkDHjlKM:&tbnh=124&tbnw=124&prev=/images%253Fq%253Dfilm%2526start%253D80%2526hl%253Dsr%2526sa%253DN%2526gbv%253D2%2526ndsp%253D20%2526tbs%253Disch:1,itp:cliparthttp://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.transgiving.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/07/TransGivingslatelogo.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.transgiving.com/&usg=__oa6L9vL8ypTZhv-WlYl7kKffr0M=&h=400&w=400&sz=44&hl=sr&start=84&zoom=1&itbs=1&tbnid=3kACNzQkDHjlKM:&tbnh=124&tbnw=124&prev=/images%253Fq%253Dfilm%2526start%253D80%2526hl%253Dsr%2526sa%253DN%2526gbv%253D2%2526ndsp%253D20%2526tbs%253Disch:1,itp:cliparthttp://www.google.com/imgres?img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Turistika prezentacija filma

Film je umetnost, ali i spektakl, dobra investicija,proizvod... Oblici prezentacije su slini kao i kodscenskih umetnosti gostovanja poznatihfilmskih umetnika, premijere, festivali, festivalituristikog filma kao dopunski motiv turistikog

putovanja (Festival turistikog filma naDivibarama); tv kanali koji emituju ovakvefilmove (Travel Channel,Net Geo Wild..);

Veze filma i turizma su viestruke film

obogauje sadraj boravka u turistikom mestu;filmski stvaraoci kao pokrovitelji dogaaja ili

samog turistikog mesta; film postaje i turistikisuvenir.. (Tomka, 2005).

8/2/2019 Film Fotografija Virtuelna Umetnost

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Internet kao virtuelna realnost

Internet (lat. inter (meu) + engl.net(mrea); prva

raunarska mrea nastaje 1974. a u dananjem oblikupostoji od 1995. godine;

Komuniciranje putem mree (Net-a) je nemogue

spreiti, to je novi oblik elektronskih odnosa kojiomoguava (ukoliko se to eli) prikrivanje, ali i gubljenje

identiteta (Facebook, Twitter, MySpace..);ovek seperceptivno, kognitivno i emotivno preseljava u nekudrugu, ne manje stvarnu realnost (Radojkovi, 2005).

Podaci iz 1994. godine - 35% amerikih porodica imaraunar, 30 miliona ljudi je na Internetu, a popularnostNeta raste svake nedelje za 10% ! (Negroponte, 1998);

8/2/2019 Film Fotografija Virtuelna Umetnost

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Veza Interneta i turizma

Prebacivanje dela usluga i informacija na Internet postala jeneminovnost; u poetku - slike i prospekti, a danas su ti sajtoviinformacioni centri, mesta za pretraivanje, rezervisanje i plaanjeodmora.

Hrvatska usled pozitivnih rezultata i mogunosti novih naina

oglaavanja na mrei, dolo je poveanja ulaganja tako da je za2009. godinu uloeno oko 7,1 mil HRK u internet oglaavanjeturistikih sadraja (prema:www.economy.rs);

Srbija 2008. godine formiranje turistiki internet pul Srbije, a ciljje kvalitetnija ponuda domaeg turizma: Serbiatouristguide.com,

Visitserbia.org, Selo.co.rs, Sportskepripreme.com. iKongresniturizam.com. Kvalitetnija ponuda na Internetu treba daomogui kontinuiranu popunjenost turistikih kapaciteta, pri emu

su 1,4 milijarde korisnika Interneta u svetupotencijalni gosti uturistikim objektima Srbije.

http://www.economy.rs/http://www.economy.rs/http://www.economy.rs/http://www.economy.rs/http://www.economy.rs/