Upload
gervase-holmes
View
235
Download
7
Tags:
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
Firmin MizambwaAgricultural Seed Agency (ASA)
P O Box 364, MorogoroEmail: [email protected]
Overview of Improved Seed Production in Tanzania
OUTLINE OF THE PRESENTATION
Introduction: Tanzanian Seed industry
development Section I: Current status of seed
production Section II: Strategies to develop
vibrant seed industry
Summary: Take away message(s)
INTRODUCTION
0.00
1.00
2.00
3.00
4.00
5.00
6.00
7.00
8.00
9.00
10.00
Bur
undi
Com
oros
DR
C
Djib
outi
Egy
pt
Erit
rea
Eth
iopi
a
Ken
ya
Liby
a
Mad
agas
car
Mal
awi
Mau
ritiu
s
Rw
anda
Sud
an
Sw
azila
nd
Tan
zani
a
Uga
nda
Zam
bia
Zim
babw
e
Arg
entin
a
Bra
zil
Chi
na, m
ainl
and
Wor
ld
Eas
tern
Afri
ca +
Nor
ther
n A
mer
ica
+
Asi
a
Mai
ze y
ield
in t
on
nes
/ ha
Source: Computed from FAOSTAT data
SEED INDUSTRY DEVELOPMENT In 1969, USAID carried out studies to enable Tanzania to
establish a formal seed sector that would include breeding, multiplication, processing, certification and distribution of seeds.
As a results of the above study, the formal seed sub-sector in Tanzania was established in 1973 during which the following were established:
1. The seed Act No. 29 of 1973 was enacted;2. Tanzania Seed Company Limited (TANSEED) was
formed;3. Tanzania Official Seed Certification Agency -TOSCA was
established to regulate quality of seeds;4. Four Government foundation Seed farms established
(Kilangali, Arusha, Msimba and Dabaga);5. Human resources capacity building was undertaken
through training.
Seed industry development….
In 1989, the Government launched the National Seed Industry Development Programme which was in line with the World Economic Reform agenda which emphasized moving from State controlled economy to free market economy.
Private seed companies were allowed to operate in the country.
Seed industry development….
During its operations, TANSEED faced problems resulting in decline of sales, huge financial losses, and consequently its collapse. The problems include:
1. Unavailability of preferred varieties,2. Low adoption rate of new and improved certified seeds by
farmers,3. Poor reputation due to delivery of poor quality seeds,4. Inadequate marketing promotion,5. Lack of managerial skills.
Seed industry development….
In an attempt to cover the shortage created by the demise of TANSEED, The Government with the support of DANIDA established on farm seed production (QDS) in 1998.
Despite of all the efforts, still the demand of the improved seeds in Tanzania was not met.
GOVERNMENT EFFORTS TO INCREASE AVAILABILITY OF IMPROVED SEEDS
Establishment of Agricultural Seed Agency (ASA) in June 2006
Key functions of ASATo produce, process and market both basic and
certified seeds,To promote private sector participation in seed
production,To promote the use of improved seeds,To strengthen collaboration with research
institutes on matters related to availability of new crop varieties.
Often a new variety is only one single plant.
Therefore once a new variety has been bred, efforts need to be undertaken that the farmers can quickly make use of this variety for commercial food production.
This will be achieved through a seed multiplication process over a number of generations to receive the desired variety in large quantities.
The Seed Multiplication Process
Certified Seed (1st Generation)
Pre-basic Seed
Basic Seed
Breeders Seed
Seed Multiplication
Certified Seed2nd Generation)
The Seed Multiplication Process
During the seed multiplication process it needs to be assured after each multiplication step, that the identity and the purity of that variety is kept and that the multiplied seed has the potential to produce a healthy plant.
This is assured through a seed certification programme.
Available SEEDS
Private Seed companies
ASA
Maize (mainly hybrid), vegetable seeds and small quantities of Sunflower, sorghum, and rice
Maize, rice, sorghum, beans, sunflower, wheat, cowpeas, pigeon peas, soya beans, sesame, fruit seedlings and cassava cuttings
Potential demand is over 120,000 MT per year
Effective demand is estimated at 60,000 MT per year
But average supply is only 14,8876 MT Per year
SEED DEMAND VS SEED SUPPLY IN TANZANIA
Certified Seeds availability
Crop Season
Quantity of seeds (MT)
2003/04 10,650 2004/05 10,134 2005/06 10,476 2006/07 16,526 2007/08 16,811 2008/09 11,429 2009/10 16,518 2010/11 26,544 Average 14,8876
MAIN CHALLENGES FACING THE SEED INDUSTRY
Low investment in seed production
Dependence on importation of seeds (dependence of foreign companies)
Difficulties to access loan for the local seed companies
Dependence of rainfed agriculture in seed production
Production challenges
Main challenges….
Distribution networks
Fake seeds
Low levels of use of improved seeds by farmers
Marketing & sales challenges
Main challenges…
Influence of outside policies (Donor policies, EAC & SADC policies)
Our local policies
Policy related challenges
To provide adequate investment in the seed industry
Promote local seed production To Promote local seed sector To invest in irrigated agriculture
Strategies to develop vibrant seed industry
Production strategies
Strategies to develop….
To develop sustainable & reliable seed distribution networks
To strengthening the enforcement of the seed Act on fake seeds
To develop a clear plans of promoting the se of improved seeds
Marketing & sales strategies
Policy related issues
Strategies to develop….
To consistently consider and align outside policies towards developing vibrant seed industry
Review policies for promote investment in the seed industry
There is very huge potential for Tanzania to develop vibrant and sustainable seed industry; and therefore
Deliberate efforts are required to promote investment in the seed industry to produce enough seeds for local and foreign markets;
Joint efforts between public and private sectors are required to promote the use of improved seeds.
SUMMARY/TAKE HOME MESSAGE(S)