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Flood Map Modernization and North Dakota Julie Prescott, ND Map Modernization Coordinator North Dakota State Water Commission And Brian Fischer, CFM, GIS Project Manager Houston Engineering, Inc. FLOOD MAP MODERNIZATION

Flood Map Modernization and North Dakota Julie Prescott, ND Map Modernization Coordinator North Dakota State Water Commission And Brian Fischer, CFM, GIS

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Page 1: Flood Map Modernization and North Dakota Julie Prescott, ND Map Modernization Coordinator North Dakota State Water Commission And Brian Fischer, CFM, GIS

Flood Map Modernization and North Dakota

Julie Prescott, ND Map Modernization Coordinator

North Dakota State Water Commission

And

Brian Fischer, CFM, GIS Project Manager

Houston Engineering, Inc.

FLOOD MAP MODERNIZATION

Page 2: Flood Map Modernization and North Dakota Julie Prescott, ND Map Modernization Coordinator North Dakota State Water Commission And Brian Fischer, CFM, GIS

Flood Map Modernizatio

nFlood Map Modernization

Nationwide, 5-year, $1 billion program to update FEMA’s Flood Insurance Rate Maps (FIRMs)

Used by local officials in managing development and land use planning, and also in disaster and emergency response planning

Used by lenders and agents in determining the proper protection level for their clients

Page 3: Flood Map Modernization and North Dakota Julie Prescott, ND Map Modernization Coordinator North Dakota State Water Commission And Brian Fischer, CFM, GIS

Flood Map Modernizatio

nFlood Map Modernization

100,000 existing panels nationwide will be modernized to a digital format, publicly available through the Internet

Will allow for timely updates to maps as flood risks change

Local engineering firms are contracted to do the mapping and determine the risk zones

Page 4: Flood Map Modernization and North Dakota Julie Prescott, ND Map Modernization Coordinator North Dakota State Water Commission And Brian Fischer, CFM, GIS

Flood Map Modernizatio

nFlood Map Modernization

Currently, the State of North Dakota has contracted with engineering firms to modernize maps in 11 counties:

Barnes Pembina Walsh

Benson Ramsey

Grand Forks Ransom

Mercer Richland

Nelson Traill

Page 5: Flood Map Modernization and North Dakota Julie Prescott, ND Map Modernization Coordinator North Dakota State Water Commission And Brian Fischer, CFM, GIS

Flood Map Modernizatio

nAcronyms

FIRM – Flood Insurance Rate Map• Official map of a community on which FEMA has

delineated both the special flood hazard areas and the risk zones applicable to the community

DFIRM – Digital Flood Insurance Rate Map• Database that contains all information needed to

produce FIRM maps

FIS – Flood Insurance Study• A flood study to determine the flood hazards, and if

appropriate, the corresponding water surface elevations

Page 6: Flood Map Modernization and North Dakota Julie Prescott, ND Map Modernization Coordinator North Dakota State Water Commission And Brian Fischer, CFM, GIS

Flood Map Modernizatio

nFIRMs to DFIRMs

FIRMs (Old paper maps)• Very outdated

• Difficult to update

• Typically no digital data

• Tough to use with GIS

DFIRMs (New digital data and maps)• Updates maps with new data

• County-wide format

• Digital data is available in a standard database

Page 7: Flood Map Modernization and North Dakota Julie Prescott, ND Map Modernization Coordinator North Dakota State Water Commission And Brian Fischer, CFM, GIS

Flood Map Modernizatio

nFlood Map Modernization

Why is FEMA’s Map Mod Initiative Important to GIS Professionals?

• Lets you incorporate your GIS basemap data

• Produces a product that is better than we had previously

• A lot of us are asked to make decisions and maps for floodplain management

• Gives local communities the opportunity to review the GIS products

Page 8: Flood Map Modernization and North Dakota Julie Prescott, ND Map Modernization Coordinator North Dakota State Water Commission And Brian Fischer, CFM, GIS

Flood Map Modernizatio

nLifecycle of a DFIRM Project

24-36 months

Source: FEMA

Page 9: Flood Map Modernization and North Dakota Julie Prescott, ND Map Modernization Coordinator North Dakota State Water Commission And Brian Fischer, CFM, GIS

Flood Map Modernizatio

nLifecycle of a DFIRM Project

Source: FEMA

Page 10: Flood Map Modernization and North Dakota Julie Prescott, ND Map Modernization Coordinator North Dakota State Water Commission And Brian Fischer, CFM, GIS

Flood Map Modernizatio

nLifecycle of a DFIRM Project

Generally 2 routes for a DFIRM project 1.) Digital Conversion

• Shorter project

• Less Costly

• Used where no needs are identified

2.) New Flood Study• Longer project

• More Expensive

• Generally improves flood hazard data

Page 11: Flood Map Modernization and North Dakota Julie Prescott, ND Map Modernization Coordinator North Dakota State Water Commission And Brian Fischer, CFM, GIS

Flood Map Modernizatio

nLifecycle of a DFIRM Project

GIS is Used Throughout the Project• Basemap Acquisition• Survey and Topographic Data (Flood

Study)• Hydrology (Flood Study)• Hydraulics (Flood Study)• Mapping (Flood Study)• Preliminary DFIRM Database• Preliminary Maps

Page 12: Flood Map Modernization and North Dakota Julie Prescott, ND Map Modernization Coordinator North Dakota State Water Commission And Brian Fischer, CFM, GIS

Flood Map Modernizatio

nLifecycle of a DFIRM Project

Basemap Acquistion• Local data preferred

• Determines vector or raster based panels

• FEMA Guidelines and Standards

S_Perm_Bmk (NGS Benchmarks) S_PLSS_Ar / S_PLSS_Ln (Range, Township, Section) S_Pol_Ar / S_Pol_Ln (Corporate Limits) S_Trnsport_Ln (Transportation – roads, railroads, airports) S_Wtr_Ln / S_Wtr_Ar (Hydro features) S_Quad_Index (USGS Quads) S_Base_Index (DOQs or other imagery)

Page 13: Flood Map Modernization and North Dakota Julie Prescott, ND Map Modernization Coordinator North Dakota State Water Commission And Brian Fischer, CFM, GIS

Flood Map Modernizatio

nLifecycle of a DFIRM Project

Survey and Topographic Data• Structures and channel cross sections

• LIDAR

• Delivered to FEMA in data capture standards database (essentially a geodatabase)

Page 14: Flood Map Modernization and North Dakota Julie Prescott, ND Map Modernization Coordinator North Dakota State Water Commission And Brian Fischer, CFM, GIS

Flood Map Modernizatio

nLifecycle of a DFIRM Project

Page 15: Flood Map Modernization and North Dakota Julie Prescott, ND Map Modernization Coordinator North Dakota State Water Commission And Brian Fischer, CFM, GIS

Flood Map Modernizatio

nLifecycle of a DFIRM Project

Hydrology• Prediction of flows in different rainfall events

• Many methods to calculate flows

• Use GIS to calculate parameters for model

• Uses watershed boundaries, landuse and soils

• Flows are used in Hydraulic Model

100yr event = 100cfs

Page 16: Flood Map Modernization and North Dakota Julie Prescott, ND Map Modernization Coordinator North Dakota State Water Commission And Brian Fischer, CFM, GIS

Flood Map Modernizatio

nLifecycle of a DFIRM Project

Hydraulics• Determines water surface

elevations at each cross section

• Elevations used to mapped floodplain on topographic data

• Detailed studies, limited detailed studies and approximate studies

• Typically utilize HEC-GeoRAS

0 200 400 600 800 10003098

3100

3102

3104

3106

3108

3110

3112

Box Elder Flood Plain 2-6-2006 Plan: Box Elder 100-year 2/7/2006 RS = 15.5 BR Elk Vale Road Bridge

Station (ft)

Ele

vation (

ft)

Legend

WS 100-year (1% ch

Crit 100-year (1% ch

Ground

Ineff

Bank Sta

.063 .05 .063

Cross Section View in HEC-RAS

Page 17: Flood Map Modernization and North Dakota Julie Prescott, ND Map Modernization Coordinator North Dakota State Water Commission And Brian Fischer, CFM, GIS

Flood Map Modernizatio

nLifecycle of a DFIRM Project

Mapping the Floodplain• Partially automated with GIS• Ground surface TIN – Water Surface TIN =

Flood Depth GRID• Conversion of all profiles and BFEs from NGVD

29 to NAVD 88 Datum• Map 1% (100yr) and 0.2% (500yr) chance flood• Determine Floodway, if applicable

Page 18: Flood Map Modernization and North Dakota Julie Prescott, ND Map Modernization Coordinator North Dakota State Water Commission And Brian Fischer, CFM, GIS

Flood Map Modernizatio

nFlood Depth GRID

Page 19: Flood Map Modernization and North Dakota Julie Prescott, ND Map Modernization Coordinator North Dakota State Water Commission And Brian Fischer, CFM, GIS

Flood Map Modernizatio

nWork Map

8.4

8.42 8.43

7.76

7.54

7.18

6.86

6.66 6.64

4TH

ST

N

2ND

ST

N

BR

OA

DW

AY

3RD

ST

N

OA

K S

T

9TH AVE N

1ST

ST

N

6TH AVE N

7TH AVE N

11TH AVE N

1ST AVE N

10TH AVE N

5TH

ST

N

4TH AVE N

NP AVE

8TH AVE N

3RD AVE N

SOUTH TERRACE

2ND AVE N

MA

PLE

ST

NORTH TERRACE

EL

M S

T

AS

H S

T

MILLS AVE

NO

RT

H R

IVE

R R

D

LOWER TERRACE

1ST

ST

N

5TH

ST

N

5TH

ST

N

3RD

ST

N

5TH

ST

N

EL

M S

T

5TH

ST

N

OA

K S

T

3RD

ST

N Legend

Cross Sections

Fargo-Streets

River-CL

Flood-Plain

Page 20: Flood Map Modernization and North Dakota Julie Prescott, ND Map Modernization Coordinator North Dakota State Water Commission And Brian Fischer, CFM, GIS

Flood Map Modernizatio

nLifecycle of a DFIRM Project

Draft work map for Buffalo River FIS

Page 21: Flood Map Modernization and North Dakota Julie Prescott, ND Map Modernization Coordinator North Dakota State Water Commission And Brian Fischer, CFM, GIS

Flood Map Modernizatio

nGIS Uses in Flood Study

Hydrologic Parameters HEC-RAS Geometry

8.4

8.42 8.43

7.76

7.54

7.18

6.86

6.66 6.64

4TH

ST

N

2ND

ST

N

BR

OA

DW

AY

3RD

ST

N

OA

K S

T

9TH AVE N

1ST

ST

N

6TH AVE N

7TH AVE N

11TH AVE N

1ST AVE N

10TH AVE N

5TH

ST

N

4TH AVE N

NP AVE

8TH AVE N

3RD AVE N

SOUTH TERRACE

2ND AVE N

MA

PLE

ST

NORTH TERRACE

ELM

ST

AS

H S

T

MILLS AVE

NO

RT

H R

IVE

R R

D

LOWER TERRACE

1ST

ST

N

5TH

ST

N

5TH

ST

N

3RD

ST

N

5TH

ST

N

ELM

ST

5TH

ST

N

OA

K S

T

3RD

ST

N Legend

Cross Sections

Fargo-Streets

River-CL

Flood-Plain

Automated Floodplain Delineation

Page 22: Flood Map Modernization and North Dakota Julie Prescott, ND Map Modernization Coordinator North Dakota State Water Commission And Brian Fischer, CFM, GIS

Flood Map Modernizatio

nLifecycle of a DFIRM Project

DFIRM Database• Stores all GIS data to produce

map panels• Explained in Appendix L of FEMA

specs• Must adhere to FEMA guidelines

and specs• Undergoes extensive QA/QC

www.fema.gov/pdf/fhm/frm_gsal.pdf

Page 23: Flood Map Modernization and North Dakota Julie Prescott, ND Map Modernization Coordinator North Dakota State Water Commission And Brian Fischer, CFM, GIS

Flood Map Modernizatio

nLifecycle of a DFIRM Project

FEMA DFIRM Tools – Digitizing Flood Hazard Data from Effective FIRM panels

Page 24: Flood Map Modernization and North Dakota Julie Prescott, ND Map Modernization Coordinator North Dakota State Water Commission And Brian Fischer, CFM, GIS

Flood Map Modernizatio

nLifecycle of a DFIRM Project

Map Production (DFIRM Panels)• Must adhere to Appendix K guidelines and specs

• Undergoes extensive QA/QC

Page 25: Flood Map Modernization and North Dakota Julie Prescott, ND Map Modernization Coordinator North Dakota State Water Commission And Brian Fischer, CFM, GIS

Flood Map Modernizatio

nHow do you use a DFIRM?

Paper maps are still printed PDFs of maps DFIRM database (GIS digital data) FEMA Map Service Center (

http://www.msc.fema.gov) FEMA Mapping Information Platform (

https://hazards.fema.gov/wps/portal )

Page 26: Flood Map Modernization and North Dakota Julie Prescott, ND Map Modernization Coordinator North Dakota State Water Commission And Brian Fischer, CFM, GIS

Flood Map Modernizatio

nBarnes County, ND DFIRM

FIS Report• Engineers Report

• FIS Profiles

• Floodway Data Table

Barnes County, ND FIS Profile Sheet

Page 27: Flood Map Modernization and North Dakota Julie Prescott, ND Map Modernization Coordinator North Dakota State Water Commission And Brian Fischer, CFM, GIS

Flood Map Modernizatio

nBarnes County, ND DFIRM

DFIRM Database and GIS Data

Page 28: Flood Map Modernization and North Dakota Julie Prescott, ND Map Modernization Coordinator North Dakota State Water Commission And Brian Fischer, CFM, GIS

Flood Map Modernizatio

nBarnes County, ND DFIRM

Page 29: Flood Map Modernization and North Dakota Julie Prescott, ND Map Modernization Coordinator North Dakota State Water Commission And Brian Fischer, CFM, GIS

Flood Map Modernizatio

nBarnes County, ND DFIRM

DFIRM Panels

Page 30: Flood Map Modernization and North Dakota Julie Prescott, ND Map Modernization Coordinator North Dakota State Water Commission And Brian Fischer, CFM, GIS

Flood Map Modernizatio

n

Questions?

Thank you for Attending!

Julie Prescott, ND Map Modernization Coordinator

North Dakota State Water Commission

And

Brian Fischer, CFM, GIS Project Manager

Houston Engineering, Inc.

FLOOD MAP MODERNIZATION