FORENSICSFORENSICSExternal BallisticsExternal BallisticsInternal BallisticsInternal BallisticsWound BallisticsWound Ballistics

AmmunitionAmmunitionBullet & Case MatchingBullet & Case Matching

Weapon TypesWeapon Types

Prepared by: DATULNA B. MAMALUBA JR.,Rcrim.Prepared by: DATULNA B. MAMALUBA JR.,Rcrim.

INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION

FORENSICSFORENSICS

Is a science dedicated to the Is a science dedicated to the methodical gathering and analysis of methodical gathering and analysis of evidences to establish facts that can evidences to establish facts that can be presented in legal proceedings.be presented in legal proceedings.

INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION

The word The word forensicforensic comes from the Latin  comes from the Latin forēnsisforēnsis, , meaning "of or before the forummeaning "of or before the forum

This origin is the source of the two modern usages This origin is the source of the two modern usages of the word of the word forensicforensic – as a form of legal evidence  – as a form of legal evidence and as a category of public presentation.and as a category of public presentation.

In modern use, the term "forensics" in the place of In modern use, the term "forensics" in the place of "forensic science" can be considered correct as the "forensic science" can be considered correct as the term "forensic" is effectively a term "forensic" is effectively a synonym for "legal"  for "legal" or "related to courts".or "related to courts".

Subdivision of ForensicsSubdivision of Forensics

Criminalistics   Digital forensics Forensic accountin

g Forensic aerial pho

tography Forensic anthropol

ogy Forensic archaeolo

gy Forensic astronomy Forensic botany  

Forensic chemistry Forensic dactyloscop

y Forensic DNA analysi

s Forensic engineering   Forensic entomology   Forensic geology   Forensic geophysics Forensic intelligence Forensic Interviews

Subdivision of ForensicsSubdivision of Forensics

Forensic linguistics Forensic meteorolo

gy Forensic odontolog

y Forensic optometry Forensic pathology Forensic podiatry Forensic psychiatry Forensic psycholog

y Forensic seismolog

y

Forensic serology Forensic toxicology Forensic video anal

ysis Mobile device foren

sics Trace evidence Wildlife Forensic Sc

ience  

Blood Spatter Analysis

Forensic Investigation

FORENSICS FORENSICS

External External ballisticsballisticsis the part of the science is the part of the science of of ballistics that deals  that deals with the behaviour of a with the behaviour of a non-powered projectile non-powered projectile in flight. External in flight. External ballistics is frequently ballistics is frequently associated with associated with firearms, and deals with the , and deals with the behaviour of the behaviour of the bullet after it exits the  after it exits the barrel and before it hits the  and before it hits the target,target,

FORENSICS FORENSICS

Internal ballisticsInternal ballistics a subfield of a subfield of ballistics, Is , Is the study of a the study of a projectile's motion from the time 's motion from the time its its propellant's igniter is 's igniter is initiated until it exits initiated until it exits the the gun barrel..[1] The  The study of internal study of internal ballistics is important to ballistics is important to designers and users of  and users of firearms of all types, firearms of all types, from small-bore from small-bore Olympic  rifles and  and pistols, to , to high-tech high-tech artillery..

FORENSICS Wound ballistics

The term ballistic trauma or gunshot wound (GSW) refers to a form of physical trauma sustained from the discharge of arms.

[1] The most common forms of ballistic trauma stem from firearms used in armed conflicts, civilian sporting, recreational pursuits and criminal activity.

[2]Ballistic trauma is sometimes fatal for the recipient, or causes long term negative consequences.

AMMUNITION A BULLET is a projectile propelled by a 

firearm, sling, or air gun. Bullets do not normally contain explosives, but damage the intended target by impact and penetration. The word "bullet" is sometimes colloquially used to refer to ammunition in general, or to a cartridge, which is a combination of the bullet, case/shell, powder, and primer. This use of 'bullet' when 'cartridge' is intended, leads to confusion when the components of a cartridge are discussed or intended. See the reference section for more detail.

BULLETS AND CASING MATCHING

AMMUNITION

FIREARMS A firearm is a portable gun, being a barreled 

weapon that launches one or more projectiles often defined by the action of an explosive.[1][2][3] Firearms first appeared in 13th century China when the man portable fire lance (a bamboo or metal tube that could shoot ignited gunpowder) was combined with projectiles such as scrap metal, broken porcelain, or darts/arrows.[4] The technology gradually spread through the rest of Asia and into Europe. In older firearms, the propellant was typically black powder, but modern firearms use smokeless powder or other propellants. Most modern firearms (with the notable exception of smoothbore firearms) have rifled barrels to impart spin to the projectile for improved flight stability.

FIREARMS Handgun The smallest of all firearms is

the handgun. There are three common types of handguns: single-shot pistols (more common historically), revolvers, andsemi-automatic pistols. Revolvers have a number of firing chambers or "charge holes" in a revolving cylinder; each chamber in the cylinder is loaded with a single cartridge. Semi-automatic pistols have a single fixed firing chamber machined into the rear of the barrel, and a magazine, usually removable, so they can be used to fire more than one round.

FIREARMS Shotgun A shotgun usually retains its

ancestor's smooth bore, and while originally designed to fire a packet of relatively small shot pellets, is also capable of firing larger slugs, or specialty (often "less lethal") rounds such as bean bags, tear gas or breaching rounds. Rifles have a very small impact area but a long range and high accuracy. Shotguns have a large impact area with considerably less range and accuracy. However, the larger impact area can compensate for reduced accuracy, since shot spreads during flight; consequently, in hunting, shotguns are generally used for flying game

FIREARMS Rifle An automatic rifle is a

magazine-fed firearm, wielded by a single infantryman, that is chambered for rifle cartridges and capable of automatic fire. The M1918 Browning Automatic Rifle was the first U.S. infantry weapon of this type, and was generally used for suppressive or support fire in the role now usually filled by the light machine gun.

NOTHING FOLLOWSNOTHING FOLLOWS