Fracture of Clavicle and Humerus

DEFINION:A clavicle fracture, also known as a broken collarbone, is one of the most common types of broken bones .

Most clavicle fractures happen when someone falls onto a shoulder or outstretched hand, putting enough pressure on the clavicle to make it fracture.

Fracture of Clavicle:

CAUSES of Clavicle Fracture:

1-a person suffers a blow to the shoulder.2-someone falls onto an outstretched arm.3-the clavicle is hit directly (as in a collision).

Clavicle fractures are basically divide into three types based upon three location.

1/ fracture in the middle of the shaft of the bone (approximately between the sternum and acromioclavicular joint, are the most common fracture.

2/fracture near the acromioclavicular joint, are the second most common

fracture and can come in many different pattern.

3/fracture near the sternum, are the least common fracture.

Types of clavicle fracture

Clavicle fractures can be very painful and may make it hard to move your arm. Additional symptoms include:

-Sagging shoulder (down and forward)

-Inability to lift the arm because of pain

-A grinding sensation if an attempt is made to raise the arm

-A deformity or "bump" over the break

-Bruising, swelling, and/or tenderness over the collarbone

Symptoms OF CLAVICLE

TREATMENT:Non-Operative

*Supporting the arm by the use of brace or sling. And leave the bone

heal by its self..

*To make sure that every thing goes under control you need to monitor the progress every few week, using

an x-ray..

* Once the bone begin to heal shoulder and elbow exercise will prevent muscle stiffness and weakness [Physical Therapy]

TREATMEN:Operative

*Indication for surgery:

1 )Multiple pieces.2 )Open fracture [ skin

penetration ]3 )Tenting of the skin[ pumping

out ]4 )Significant displacement of

the fracture..5 )Over lap or shortening of the

fragment by 2 cm or more..6 )Damage of the vascular and

nervous associated with it [ brachial plexus / supraclavicular nerve ].

*The procedure will offten called ORIF = [ Open Reduction Internal Fixation ]..

*where an anatomically shaped titanium or steel plate is affixed along the superior aspect of the bone via several screws.

*In some cases the plate may be removed after healing, but this is very rarely required )based on nerve interaction or tissue aggravation).

TREATMEN & PREVENTION :

:COMPLICATIONAcute:Pneumothorax.Brachial plexus injury.Blood vessel injury (including subclavian vessels, internal jugular

vein and axillary artery). Late:Nonunion and malunion (no radiographic healing at 4-6 months) Deformity due to excessive callus formation during fracture

healing.Thoracic outlet syndromeBrachial plexus compression due to callus formationArthritis

DEFINION:The humerus is most frequently fractured as the result of a fall or motor vehicle crash. Depending on the location and severity of the fracture, some bones may heal without surgery.

Fracture of Humerus:

cause of proximal humeral fractures is a fall from standing followed by motor vehicle accident and a fall involving stairs .

Humeral diaphyseal fractures causes include a fall from standing, motor vehicle accident, a fall from height, and pathological .

CAUSES of HUMERUS Fracture:

types oh humerus fractures

three types:1-Proximal humerus fracture – fracture

is near the shoulder joint . humerus ball is broken, rotator-cuff damage, sometimes associated with it.

2-Diaphyseal humerus fracture – mid-shaft fractures. This type of fracture will be treated non-surgically.

3-Distal humerus fracture – fracture of the humerus at or near the elbow ,common in children. This type of fracture generally does require surgery in order to heal properly.

arm pain. Pain worsens with movement Arm bruising Arm swelling (unilateral) Arm weakness (unilateral):

◦ Wrist weakness Poor circulation to the fingers:

◦ Abnormal capillary refill test Shoulder pain Shoulder stiffness Arm tenderness:

◦ Bone tenderness

Symptoms of Humerus Fracture:

Cold compresses Rest-Arm cast-Arm splint Surgery for humerus fracture Physical therapy for humerus fracture

Humerus Fracture Treatment

Humerus Fracture Prevention Osteoporosis treatment

Exercise plan developed with your doctor

Eat a high calcium diet. Wear shoes with non-slip soles

A complex boney structure is called humerus and if it's fractured on a very complex way it is hard to treat fracture. The radial nerve impingement is the most usual complication of this sort of fractures. One of the complications of fractures is radial nerve palsy. Radial nerve palsy is the complication that includes inability to extend fingers or wrist. 

complication of fracture of humerus 

Prepared by:

Fracture of Clavicle: Fracture of Humerus:

DEFINION:Ahad AL-Qahtani.

CAUSES:Maram AL-suwidan

Types:nourah AL-hatem

Symptoms:Alanoud khalid

Treatment: Sara Al-hazmi Prevention: Sara Al-hazmi

Complication:Moneerah AL-Muhaidib.

Present :Narjis bakkar

DEFINION:hadel

CAUSES:Maram AL-suwidan

Types:ola

Symptoms:amenah

Treatment:rawan

Prevention:razan

Complication:fatima Eradah almarhoon

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