AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY 87:117-120 (1992)

Obituary: Frederick S. Hulse, 1906-1 990 H E R M A " K. BLEIBTREU AND CHRISTOPHER HULSE Department of Anthropology, Uniuersity of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721 (H.K.B.); 4067 Crest Road, Pebble Beach, California (C.H.)

Frederick S. Hulse, Professor Emeritus of Anthropology at the University of Arizona and a former editor of the American Journal ofphysical Anthropology, died at his home in Pebble Beach, California, on May 16,1990.

Dr. Hulse was born in New York City in 1906, the son of Hiram Hulse and Frances Seymour Hulse. His father, the Rector of St. Mary's Episcopal Church, later became Mis- sionary Bishop of Cuba. After attending Ridgefield School in Connecticut and Williams College, Fred Hulse transferred to Harvard University, where he received his B.A. in 1927 and his Ph.D. in 1934. His dissertation on Cubans of Spanish descent, carried out under the supervision of Roland B. Dixon and Earnest Albert Hooton, showed how a cultural practice (16th century Spanish emigration policy) had inadvertent

biological consequences for the Cuban popu- lation. This research interest in the interac- tion of culture and biology persisted through- out his distinguished career.

Dr. Hulse began his academic career as an instructor at the University of Washington in 1936. After spending ten years outside of academia, with the WPA in Georgia, pub- lishing on osteological remains in archaeo- logical context, and with the OSS in Wash- ington during World War 11, during which time he published on the culture of Japan, he returned to teaching at Colgate University in 1946, and then to the University of Wash- ington two years later. From 1958 until his retirement in 1976, he served as Professor of Anthropology at the University of Arizona. In the course of his career, Dr. Hulse pub- lished over 45 scientific articles. His best known work is perhaps The Human Species, a widely assigned textbook of physical an- thropology first published in 1963 and re- vised in 1971.

The esteem and affection in which Fred Hulse was held by his fellow scientists were reflected in numerous honors and awards. Editor of the AJPA from 1963 to 1969, he was also elected president of the American Asso- ciation of Physical Anthropologists for the 1967-1969 term. In 1974, he was elected to membership in the National Academy of Sci- ences. His important contributions to the forensic applications of physical anthropol- ogy were recognized in his election as presi- dent of the anthropology section of the Amer- ican Academy of Forensic Sciences in 1978. In 1988, the University of Arizona awarded him the honorary degree of Doctor of Hu- mane Letters in recognition of his manifold contributions to science.

In the tradition of E.A. Hooton, Fred Hulse was an accomplished writer. Even his re- search articles were comprehensible to the interested non-specialist. His textbook, in particular, developed a readership of inter- ested lay people, one of whom, a Hollywood lyricist, requested the rights to set some of the passages to music.

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118 H.K. BLEIBTREU AND C. HULSE

In his search for “natural experiments” among human populations that provided ex- amples of culture-biology interactions, he focussed his research primarily on cases of differential migration and assortative mat- ing. This work took him to a dozen countries. He became personally acquainted with most of the physical anthropologistshuman biolo- gists, nationally and internationally, over a period of four decades.

While he was highly eclectic and tolerant regarding the parameters of the discipline, his own research, writing, and leadership helped guide American physical anthropol- ogy through the transition from typological description to processual research firmly grounded in the modern understanding of evolution.

PUBLICATIONS 1941 The People who lived at Irene - Section on

Physical Anthropology of “Irene Mound Site,” pp. 57- 68. University of Georgia Press.

Physical Types among the Japanese - Section XI of “Studies in the Anthropology of Oceania and Asia,” Vol. XX, Papers of the Peabody Museum, Har- vard University, pp. 122-134.

1944a “Japanese Government,” Restricted (later de- classified), 28 pp. School and Training Branch, OSS (unsigned).

“Japanese Social Structure,” Unclassified, 71 pp. School and Training Branch, OSS (unsigned).

Section on Skeletal Material in “Excavations at Culican, Sinaloa,” pp. 187-198. University of Califor- nia Press.

“A Sketch of Japanese Society,” in Journal of the American Oriental Society, Vol. 66, No. 3, pp.

1947a Review of TA Chen’s “Population in Modern China,” in American Journal of Physical Anthropol- ogy, Vol. 5, n.s., No. 1, pp. 101-102.

“Status and Function as Factors in the Struc- ture of Organizations among the Japanese,” in Amer- ican Anthropologist, Vol. 49, No. 1, pp. 154-157.

1947c “Technological Development and Personal In- centive in Japan,” Southwestern Journal ofAnthropo1- ogy, Vol. 3, No. 2, pp. 124129.

1947d “Some Effects of the War Upon Japanese Soci- ety,’’ The Far Eastern Quarterly, Vol. VII, No. 1, pp. 22-42.

1947e Problems of Evacuation, Chapter 7 of “The Ef- fects of Strategic Bombing on Japanese Morale,” pp, 73-90. U.S. Government Printing Office (unsigned).

“Convention and Reality in Japanese Culture,” Southwestern Journal of Anthropology, Vol. 4, No. 4,

950a Review of “Indians of the Urban Northwest,” by Marian Smith, American Journal of Physical Anthro- pology, Vol. 8, No. 1, pp. 134-135.

950b Review of “The Physique ofYoung Adult Males,” by W.J. Martin, and of other monographs, American Anthropologist, Vol. 52, No. 1, pp. 94-95.

951 Review of “This is Race: An Anthology,” edited by E.W. Count, American Anthropologist, Vol. 53, No. 4, pp. 564-565.

1943

1944b

1945

1946

219-229.

194713

1948

pp. 345-355.

1954a “Emigration et Anthropologie,” Archives Suisse d’Anthropologie Generale, T o m e m , No. 1, pp. 56-57.

195413 Review of “Culture Change,” by F.M. Keesing, Far Eastern Quarterly, Vol. VIII, No. 3, pp. 36S369.

1955a “Blood-Types and Mating Patterns among Northwest Coast Indians,”in Southwestern Journal of Anthropology, Vol. 11, No 2, pp. 93-104.

1955b “Technological Advance and Major Racial Stocks.” Human Biology, Vol. 27, No. 3, pp. 184-192.

1957a Linguistic Barriers to Gene-Flow, American Journal of Physical Anthropology, Vol. 15, n.s. No. 2, pp. 235-246.

Some Factors Influencing the Relative Propor- tions of Human Racial Stocks in Cold Spring Harbar Symposia on Quantitative Biology, Vol. XXII, pp. 35- 45.

1957c Review of “Esquisse d’une Ethnographie Na- vales des Peoples Annamites,” by Pierre Paris, in American Anthropologist, Vol. 50, No. 3, pp. 561-562.

1958a Exogamie et Heterosis, in Archives Suisses d‘Anthropologie Generale, Tome XXII, No. 2, pp. 103- 125.

1958b Comment on “Evidence from Physical Anthro- pology for Migrations from Mexico to South America,” by M.T. Newman, in Migrations in New World Culture History, edited by R.H. Thompson, University of Ari- zona Bulletin, Vol. 29, No. 2, Social Science Bulletin

1959a Review of “Les Origines de 1’Homme American,” by Paul Rivet, in Man, Vol. 69, No. 7, p. 127.

19591, Review of “Recherches sur L’Anthropologie des Francaises,” by Suzanne de Felico, in Human Biology,

1960a Adaptation, Selection and Plasticity in Ongoing Human Evolution, Human Biology, Vol. 32, No. 1, pp.

1960b “Mongoloid,” for new edition of Encyclopedia Britannica, pagination unknown.

1960c Review of “The Antecedents of Man” and “The Foundations of Human Evolution,” by W.E. Le Gros Clark, in Man, Vol. 70.

1960d Technological Advance and Major Racial Stocks. Reprinted in Readings on Race, S.M. Garn, ed., Tho- mas, Springfield.

1960e Adaptation, Selection, and Plasticity in Ongoing Iluman Evolution. Reprinted in Processes of Ongoing Human Evolution, G.W. Lasker, ed., Wayne Univer- sity Press. Detroit.

1960f Ripples in a Gene-Pool: The Shifting Frequen- cies of Blood-Type Alleles Among the Indians of the Hupa Reservation. American Journal of Physical An- thropology, n.s. Vol. 18, No. 12.

1961 Warfare, Demography and Genetics. Eugenics Quarterly, Vol. 8, No. 4, pp. 185-197.

1962a Objectives and Methods. In The Teaching of Physical Anthropology, edited by David G. Mandel- haum, pp. 6S79 . American Anthropological Associa- tion, Memoir No. 94.

196213 Race as an Evolutionary Episode. American An- thropologist, Vol. 64, No. 5, Pt. 1, pp. 929-943.

1963a (with N.P. Lamb) Trends in Physical Anthropol- ogy. In Biennial Review of Anthropology, edited by B. Siegel, pp. 146-176. Stanford University Press.

196313 The Human Species, Random House. New York. 1964a Review of Mankind Evolving, by Th. Dobzhan-

sky. Eugenics Quarterly, Vol. 10, No. 2, pp. 88-89. 1964b Review of The Origin of Races by C.S. Coon.

Americanhthropologist, Vol. 63, No. 3, pp. 685487.

1957b

NO. 27, pp. 41-43.

Vol. 31, NO. 4, pp. 369-370.

63-79.

OBITUARY FREDERICK S. HULSE, 1906-1990 119

1964c

1964d

Review ofunderstanding Culture, by J.J. Honig- man. Science, Vol. 140, No. 3572, p. 1300.

(with M.M. Firestone) Blood-Type Frequencies Among the Indians of the Quinault Reservation. In Proceedings of the Second International Congress of Human Genetics, pp. 845-847. Edizioni dell’hstituto Gregorio Mendel. Rome.

1964e The Paragon of Animals. Eugenics Quarterly,

1966a Linguistic Barriers to Gene-Flow. The Blood- Groups of the Yakima, Okanogon and Swinomish Indians, The American Journal of Physical Anthropol- ogy, 1957, pp. 235-246. Reprinted in The Bobbs-Mer- rill Reprint Series A-307. Bobbs-Merrill Company, Indianapolis.

Ripples on a Gene-Pool: The Shifting Frequen- cies of Blood-type Alleles Among the Indians of the Hupa Reservation, The American Journal of Physical Anthropology, 1960, pp. 141-152. Reprinted in The Bobbs-Merrill Reprint Series A-308. Bobbs-Merrill Company, Indianapolis.

Some Factors Influencing the Relative Propor- tions of Human Racial Stocks, Cold Spring Harbor Symposium in Quantitative Biology, 1957, pp. 33-45. Reprinted in The Bobbs-Merrill Reprint Series A-309. Bobbs-Merrill Company, Indianapolis.

1966d (with Kenneth A. Bennett) Microevolution at Mesa Verde. Thirty-sixth Congreso Internacional de Americanistas, Vol. 2, pp. 369-376. Sevilla.

Selection for Skin Color Among the Japanese. American Journal of Physical Anthropology, Vol. 27,

1968a The Paragon of Animals. Social Education, Vol. 32, No. 2, pp. 143-156. (Reprinted from Eugenics Quarterly, Vol. 11, No. 1,1964, pp. 1-10).

19681, Migration and Cultural Selection in Human Genetics. The Anthropologist, Special Volume, pp. 1-21. New Delhi, India.

196% Comment on “A Biological Comparison of Eight Endogamous Groups of the Same Rank,” by L. Kame and K.C. Malhotra. Current Anthropology, Vol. 9, No.

1969a Ethnic, Caste and Genetic Miscegenation. Jour- nal of Biosocial Science, Supplement 1, pp. 3141. Blackwell’s Scientific Publishers, Oxford, England.

La Especie Humana: Introduction a la Antropo- logia Fisica. (Translation by Luis Escolar Bareno) Biblioteca Cultura e Historia, Aguilar, Madrid.

Scientific Ethics and Physical Anthropology. American Journal of Physical Anthropology, Vol. 31,

Skin color among the Yemenite Jews of the Isolate from Habban. Proceedings of VIII Interna- tional Congress of Anthropological and Ethnological Sciences, Vol. 1, pp. 226-228.

Reflections of a Physical Anthropologist on the Ethnogenisis of the Japanese People. Proceedings of the VIII International Congress of Anthropological and Ethnological Sciences, Vol. 3, p. 476.

1970c Review of Man in Adaptation: The Biosocial Background, ed. by Y. Cohen, American Journal of Physical Anthropology, Vol. 33, pp. 279-280.

1970d Review of Human Biology: A Guide to Field Methods, by J.W. Weiner and J.A. Lourie, Human Biology, Vol. 42, pp. 520-522.

1971a The Human Species, revised edition, Random House, New York.

1971b Review of Physical Anthropology: An Introduc-

Vol. 11, NO. 1, pp. 1-10,

1966b

1966c

1967

NO. 2, pp. 143-156.

2-3, p. 119.

196913

1969c

NO. 2, pp. 245-258. 1970a

1970b

tion, by A.J. Kelso. American Journal of Human Ge- netics, Vol. 23, pp. 334-335.

Social Behavior and Human Diversity, in The Biological and Social Meaning of Race, ed. by R.H. Osborn, pp. 77-85.

Some Factors Influencing the Relative Propor- tions of Human Racial Stocks, in Natural Selection in Human Populations, ed. by C.J. Bajema, pp. 119-142, reprinted from Cold Spring Harbor Symposium of 1957.

1971e Comment on “Lactase Deficiency: an Example of Dietary Evolution,” by R.D. McCracken, Current An- thropology, Vol. 12, p. 502.

1972a Review of Anthropology and the Behavioral and Health Sciences, ed. by 0. von Mering and L. Kasdan. American Journal of Physical Anthropology, Vol. 36, pp. 145-146.

197213 Ethnic, Caste and Genetic Miscegination, in Readings in Race and Ethnic Relations, ed. by A.H. Richmond, reprinted from Journal of Biosocial Sci- ence, Supplement 1, pp. 43-45.

1972c Has Mankind a Future? Dyn, The Journal of the Durham University Anthropological Society, Vol. 2, pp. 45-53.

1972d Review of Race and Races, by R.A. Goldsby, and Human Races, 3rd Edition by S.M. Garn, in American Journal of Human Genetics.

1972e Race as an Evolutionary Episode, in Readings in Physical Anthropology, 2nd Edition, ed. by T.W. Mc- Kern, pp. 254-267, reprinted from American Anthro- pologist, Vol. 62, pp. 929-945.

1973a National Selection and Differential Population Growth of Human Races. Social Biology, Vol. 19, No. 2,

197313 Skin Colour in Northumberland. In Proceedings of the Society for the Study of Human Biology, April 1972, pp. 245-257.

1974a Review of “Physical Anthropology” by G.W. Lasker and “Physical Anthropology: A Perspective,” by J . Buettner-Janusch in Quarterly Review of Biol- ogy, Vol. 49, p. 172.

1974b Has Mankind a Future? Greek translation in Anthropos, vol. 1, pp. 12-28.

1974c Review of “The People of America,” by T.D. Stewart, in American Anthropologist, Val. 76, p. 974.

1975a Man and Nature. Readings in the Evolution of the Human Species. Random House, New York.

197513 Review of “Peking Man,” by Harry L. Shapiro in Bioscience.

1976a Skin Color and Climate in Europe. Anthropos,

197613 Migration, Interbreeding, and Pigmentation among the Greeks (with A.N. Poulianos). Anthropos, Vol. 3, pp. 46-50.

Biological Adaptations to Culture, in “Ideas of Culture-Sources and Uses,” edited by F.C. Gamst and E. Norbeck, pp. 234-245. Holt, Rinehart, and Winston.

1976d How Culture Affects Genetics, in “Ideas of Cul- ture-Sources and Uses,” edited by F.C. Gamst and E. Norbeck, pp. 231-234. Holt, Rinehart, and Winston.

1978a Comments (on “Natural Selection and Morpho- logical Variability: The Case of Europe from Neolithic to Modern Times,” by Henneberg, Piontek and Stra- zalko), Current Anthropology, University of Chicago Press, Vol. 19, No.1, pp. 74-75.

1978b Review of “Human Biology: An Introduction to Human Evolution, Variation, Growth, and Ecology,” by G.A. Harrison, J.S. Weiner, J.M. Tanner, N.A. Barnicot, and V. Reynolds. American Anthropologist,

1971c

1971d

pp. 171-179.

VOl. 3, pp. 3 9 4 5 .

1976c

120 H.K. BLEIBTREU AND C. HULSE

American Anthropological Association, Vol. 80, No. 3, pp. 728-730.

Evolution. In “Evolutionary Models and Studies in H~~~~ Diversity,” Mouton publishers, pp, 17-37.

Migration et selection de groupe le cas de Cuba. Bull., Mem. Soc., d’hthrop. Paris (Ser. 6) 13:137-146.

Habits, habitats, and heredity: A brief history of studies in human plasticity. American Journal Physical Anthropology 56(4):495-501.

1982 (with K.A. Bennett) Shifting patterns of sex dimorphism in three Japanese populations. Human

1978c Group Selection and sexual Selection in Human Biology 9(5):441-452.

1979

1981

~ 8 3 The adaptive significance of pigmentary vari- ability: A general review. Ind. Journal of Physical Anthropology and Human Genetics 9(1-3):1-20.

(with B. Towner) Generational change in skin color variation among Habbani Yemeni Jews. Human Biology (February) 62(1):85-100.

1990