Freedom Trail Assignment

1. Find your location on the Freedom Trail map.2. Scan the reading for the answers to your

questions. Don’t try to read and understand every word.

3. Look at the 2 vocabulary words in the bottom of your sheet. Look up and write a simple English definition for them. Then, write a sentence about your location using the words.

1. Example: 1. demolish (v): to destroy; to knock down a building2. The Old Corner Bookstore was almost demolished in

1960.

THE PASSIVE VOICE

BCNC Foundations 3 / Caitlin Jacobs

Form

The Freedom Trail was originally thought of by William Schofield.

Swahili is spoken by people who live in Kenya.

Be + past participle

The same verbs you use in perfect tenses

Usage #1

We use the passive voice when we don’t know who did the action, or it’s not important who did the action. My house was built in 1986.

I don’t know who built it, and I don’t care. Most Apple products are manufactured in

China. Someone’s car keys were found in the

parking lot. Mistakes were made.

Made In….

“This was made in Taiwan.”

are

Practice: Where was it made?

Item Verb

• Shoes, shirt, pants, hat…

• Watch, ring, necklace• Book• Phone, computer• Lunch, snack, coffee…• Car, bike, motorcycle…

MakeManufactureProducePrint

Outsource (v)

Q: Where was your car manufactured?A: It was manufactured in the US. I own a Chevrolet.

Usage #2

We use the passive voice when we want the focus of the sentence to be on the receiver of the action, not the doer of the action.My boss hired two new

teachers.

Two new teachers were hired by my boss.

Doer Receiver

Changing The Focus

I was born in Boston. Active: My mother gave birth to me in

Boston. In the passive, the focus is on me, not my mother.

The Declaration of Independence was written by Benjamin Franklin. Active: Benjamin Franklin wrote the

Declaration of Independence.

Practice: Example 1

George Washington / elect / the first president / American voters Focus on Washington: George

Washington was elected president by American voters. His excellent leadership during the Revolutionary War had made him very popular, and he won the election easily….

Focus on voters: American voters elected George Washington president. They believed he was a skilled and trustworthy leader…

Practice: Example 2

Write 2 sentences each. Focus on a different subject in each sentence. Then write an additional sentence about the subject. The Patriots / the Revolutionary War / win

The Patriots won the Revolutionary War. They were colonists from America who wanted independence from Britain.

The Revolutionary War was won by the Patriots. The final battle took place in 1781, but the war didn’t officially end until 1783.

Practice

1. “Old Man With Guitar” / Picasso / paint

2. McDonalds / new kind of burger / make

3. The thief / the police / finally catch

Usage #3

We use the passive voice when we want to stress the passive quality of the receiver of the action.

Passive (adj): not taking any action

His dog was hit by a car. His dog was passive in this situation. It didn’t

choose to be hit by the car. Martin Luther King Jr. was assassinated by

James Earl Ray. MLK Jr. was not an active participant in being

assassinated. I was hurt by what you said.

Practice: Change to Passive Voice1. A baseball hit me on the head.

1. I was hit on the head by a baseball.

2. The earthquake destroyed the small village.1. The small village was destroyed by the earthquake.

3. Molly turned Jack down.1. Jack was turned down by Molly.

4. John Wilkes Booth shot and killed Abraham Lincoln.

1. Abraham Lincoln was shot and killed by John Wilkes Booth.

5. A bee stung my little brother.1. My little brother was stung by a bee.

Practice: An Unfortunate Event Talk about something unfortunate that

happened to you. Use the passive voice. EXAMPLE: A: My bike was stolen when I was 10 years old.B: That’s terrible! Who stole it?A: I don’t know, but the bike was found in the swamp a month later by the police.B: Was the thief ever caught?A: No. They never found him.

HoroscopesEveryone was born under a different star sign. Some people believe the stars can show your future.

Example #1

A: Hey, it’s almost class time. We need to clean up the classroom.

B: Actually, it’s already been cleaned. I was just down there.

A: Really? Who cleaned it up? B: No idea. Maybe Brendon? A: Huh. Ok, great.

Example #2

A: Hi, I’d like to pay my bill. B: Oh, don’t worry about it. It’s been

taken care of. A: What? Really? B: Yes. It’s been paid in full. A: Who paid for it? B: A gentleman who wants his identity to be a secret. A: Wow…I wish I could thank him.

Present Perfect Passive

A: Ugh, I’m so tired, but I can’t go to bed until I walk the dogs!

B: It’s ok. They’ve already been walked.

A: Oh, that’s a relief.

Be + past participle

Have + been + past participleHas

It’s Already Been Done

1. I was going to clean the classroom, but it’s already been cleaned.

2. I was going to print the worksheets, but_____.1. they’ve already been printed.

3. I was going to call the student who was absent, but ____.

1. she’s already been called.

4. I was going to order more books, but ____.1. they’ve already been ordered.

5. I was going to tell Fred that I’m leaving, but ___.1. he’s already been told.

Work Role Plays

Role A Role BYou’re a supervisor at a dentist’s office. These are the tasks that need to be done by your employees today.

You work at a dentist’s office. Here are the tasks that need to be done today.

• Fax the insurance forms• Confirm appointments over

the phone• Organize the magazines in

the waiting room

_X_Fax the insurance forms___Confirm appointments over the phone_X_Organize the magazines in the waiting room

Have all the insurance forms been faxed?Yes, they have. Taylor faxed them a little while ago.

SayWhat?